Ohio Revised Code

Ohio Rev. Code § 2927.12 (2026)

Ethnic intimidation

✓ current as of May 2026
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(A) No person shall violate section 2903.21, 2903.22, 2909.06, or 2909.07, or division (A)(3), (4), or (5) of section 2917.21 of the Revised Code by reason of the race, color, religion, or national origin of another person or group of persons.

(B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of ethnic intimidation. Ethnic intimidation is an offense of the next higher degree than the offense the commission of which is a necessary element of ethnic intimidation.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 46 cases (7 in the last 5 years), 1990–2025 · leading case: State v. Buehner, 110 Ohio St. 3d 403 (Ohio 2006).
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State v. Buehner, 110 Ohio St. 3d 403 (Ohio 2006). · cites it 9× “{¶ 1} On April 2, 2004, the appellee, Richard Buehner, was indicted on one count of ethnic intimation in violation of R.C. 2927.12. 1 The predicate offense for the ethnic-intimidation charge against the appellee was R.”
State v. Wyant, 624 N.E.2d 722 (Ohio 1994). · cites it 18× “In case No. 91-1519, we reverse the judgment of the court of appeals and remand for a new trial.”
State v. Wyant, 597 N.E.2d 450 (Ohio 1992). · cites it 16× “The principal issue before us is the constitutionality of the ethnic intimidation statute, R.C. 2927.12. Before undertaking an analysis of the statute, however, we express our abhorrence for racial and ethnic hatred, and especially for crimes motivated by such hatred.”
State v. Smith, 2017 Ohio 9283 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 4× “The city's ethnic intimidation ordinance prohibits a person from violating any number of other ordinances, including the underlying offense of menacing with which Smith was charged, "by reason of or where one of the motives, reasons or purposes for the commission of the offense…”
State v. Wilson, 2022 Ohio 504 (Ohio Ct. App. 2022). · cites it 3× “03 “if the offense is trafficking in marihuana”; and ethnic intimidation in violation of R.C. 2927.12. (Emphasis added.) R.C. 2923.”
State v. Mutter (Slip Opinion), 2017 Ohio 2928 (Ohio 2017). · cites it 2× “The question in this case is whether the state would violate that guarantee if it prosecuted the Mutters on ethnic-intimidation charges under R.C. 2927.12 after their convictions for the predicate misdemeanor offense of aggravated menacing.”
State ex rel. Heck v. Kessler, 647 N.E.2d 792 (Ohio 1995). · cites it 5× “” The syllabus of Wyant II provides that “R.C. 2927.12, the Ohio Ethnic Intimidation Act, is constitutional under the United States and Ohio Constitutions.”
State v. Smith, 2016 Ohio 5062 (Ohio Ct. App. 2016). · cites it 2× “03 of the Revised Code if the offense is trafficking in marihuana, or section 2927.12 of the Revised Code. R.C.”
State v. Horner, 2010 Ohio 3830 (Ohio 2010). · cites it 2× “21 * * * by reason of the race, color, religion, or national origin of another person or group of persons”). The indictment tracked the language of the statute and identified by statute number which of the several predicate offenses was being charged.”
State v. Miller, 2012 Ohio 1263 (Ohio Ct. App. 2012). · cites it 2× “03 of the Revised Code if the offense is trafficking in marihuana, or section 2927.12 of the Revised Code. R.C.”
State v. Buehner, 831 N.E.2d 457 (Ohio Ct. App. 2005). · cites it 7× “{¶ 1} Plaintiff-appellant, the state of Ohio, appeals the trial court’s dismissal of the indictment against defendant-appellee, Richard Buehner, for ethnic intimidation in violation of R.C. 2927.12. Finding no merit to the appeal, we affirm.”
State v. Bennett, 782 N.E.2d 101 (Ohio Ct. App. 2002). · cites it 2× “03 of the Revised Code [trafficking in drugs] if the offense is trafficking in marihuana, or section 2927.12 of the Revised Code [ethnic intimidation].”
Show all 46 citing cases →
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2927.12(A) — 13 cases
State v. Horner, 2010 Ohio 3830 (Ohio 2010). “21 * * * by reason of the race, color, religion, or national origin of another person or group of persons”). The indictment tracked the language of the statute and identified by statute number which of the several predicate offenses was being charged.”
State v. Buehner, 110 Ohio St. 3d 403 (Ohio 2006). “{¶ 1} On April 2, 2004, the appellee, Richard Buehner, was indicted on one count of ethnic intimation in violation of R.C. 2927.12. 1 The predicate offense for the ethnic-intimidation charge against the appellee was R.”
State v. Mango, 2016 Ohio 2935 (Ohio Ct. App. 2016).
Fairview Park v. Werling, 2024 Ohio 5323 (Ohio Ct. App. 2024).
State v. Baker, 2018 Ohio 3925 (Ohio Ct. App. 2018).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2927.12(B) — 2 cases
State v. Wyant, 624 N.E.2d 722 (Ohio 1994). “In case No. 91-1519, we reverse the judgment of the court of appeals and remand for a new trial.”
State v. Wyant, 1994 Ohio 480 (Ohio 1994).
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