Oregon Revised Statutes

Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130 (2026)

Court determination of mental illness; discharge; release for voluntary treatment; conditional release; commitment; assisted outpatient treatment; prohibition relating to firearms; period of commitment

✓ current as of May 2026

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426.130 Court determination of mental illness; discharge; release for voluntary treatment; conditional release; commitment; assisted outpatient treatment; prohibition relating to firearms; period of commitment. (1) After hearing all of the evidence, and reviewing the findings of the examiners, the court shall determine whether, by clear and convincing evidence, the person has a mental illness and is in need of treatment.

(2) If the court determines under subsection (1) of this section that the person:

(a) Has a mental illness and is in need of treatment, the court:

(A) Shall order the release of the person and dismiss the case if:

(i) The person is willing and able to participate in treatment on a voluntary basis; and

(ii) The court finds that the person will probably do so.

(B) May order conditional release under this subparagraph subject to the qualifications and requirements under ORS 426.125. If the court orders conditional release under this subparagraph, the court shall establish a period of commitment for the conditional release.

(C) May order commitment of the person to the Oregon Health Authority for treatment if, in the opinion of the court, subparagraph (A) or (B) of this paragraph is not in the best interest of the person. If the court orders commitment under this subparagraph:

(i) The court shall establish a period of commitment.

(ii) The authority may place the committed person in outpatient commitment under ORS 426.127.

(D) Shall order that the person be prohibited from purchasing or possessing a firearm if, in the opinion of the court, there is a reasonable likelihood the person is a danger to self or others, or to the community at large, as a result of the person’s mental or psychological state as demonstrated by past behavior or participation in incidents involving unlawful violence or threats of unlawful violence, or by reason of a single incident of extreme, violent, unlawful conduct. When a court makes an order under this subparagraph, the court shall cause a copy of the order to be delivered to the sheriff of the county who will enter the information into the Law Enforcement Data System.

(b) Is not a person with a mental illness who is in need of treatment, the court shall release the person from custody if the person has been detained under ORS 426.070, 426.180, 426.228, 426.232 or 426.233 and:

(A) Dismiss the case; or

(B) Order the person to participate in assisted outpatient treatment in accordance with ORS 426.133. The court may continue the proceeding for no more than seven days to allow time for the community mental health program director to develop the person’s assisted outpatient treatment plan.

(3) A court that orders a conditional release, a commitment or assisted outpatient treatment under this section shall establish a period of commitment or treatment for the person subject to the order. Any period of commitment ordered for commitment or conditional release under this section shall be for a period of time not to exceed 180 days. A period of assisted outpatient treatment shall be for a period of time not to exceed 12 months.

(4) If the commitment proceeding was initiated under ORS 426.070 (1)(a) and if the notice included a request under ORS 426.070 (2)(d)(B), the court shall notify the two persons of the court’s determination under this section.

(5) If the court finds that the person has a mental illness and is in need of treatment and either orders commitment under subsection (2)(a)(B) or (C) of this section or enters an order under subsection (2)(a)(D) of this section, the court shall notify the person that the person is prohibited from purchasing or possessing a firearm under state and federal law unless the person obtains relief from the prohibition from the Psychiatric Security Review Board under ORS 166.273 or under federal law. [Amended by 1973 c.838 §12; 1975 c.690 §8; 1979 c.408 §3; 1987 c.903 §17; 1989 c.839 §36; 1993 c.735 §9; 1995 c.498 §2; 2009 c.595 §393; 2013 c.360 §30; 2013 c.737 §6; 2017 c.233 §2; 2025 c.559 §5]

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 790 cases (221 in the last 5 years), 1976–2026 · leading case: State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005).

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State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). · cites it 40× “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

State v. A. B. K., 522 P.3d 894 (Or. Ct. App. 2022). · cites it 20× “In appellant’s view, his diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder constituted a developmental disorder, not a mental disorder; thus, the state failed to prove that he was a person who, because of a mental disorder was a danger to others, i.”

State v. C. W., 553 P.3d 577 (Or. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 16× “” ORS 426.130 (outlining the circumstances in which a court is per- mitted to order civil commitment of a “person with mental illness”); ORS 426.”

State v. Jayne, 23 P.3d 990 (Or. Ct. App. 2001). · cites it 10× “ORS 426.130. She makes two assignments of error.”

State v. P. D., 553 P.3d 1063 (Or. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 7× “ORS 426.130 provides the framework for the civil commitment of a “person with mental illness.”

State v. S. R. J., 386 P.3d 99 (Or. Ct. App. 2016). · cites it 3× “As pertinent to this case, “a person with mental illness” includes a “person who, because of a mental disorder, is * * * [d]angerous to self or others.”

State v. M. J. F., 473 P.3d 1141 (Or. Ct. App. 2020). · cites it 3× “Resolving all inferences in favor of the trial court’s disposition, this record is undoubtedly sufficient to permit a rational trier of fact to conclude that it is highly probable that appellant presents a danger to himself for purposes of ORS 426.130. Affirmed.”

State v. M. B., 452 P.3d 1006 (Or. Ct. App. 2019). · cites it 5× “The state sought civil commitment under ORS 426.130 (1)(a)(C) and ORS 426.005(1)(f)(B), based on appellant being unable to provide for her basic personal needs.”

State v. B. A. F. (In re B. A. F.), 414 P.3d 486 (Or. Ct. App. 2018). · cites it 6× “See ORS 426.130. On appeal, he asserts that the trial court plainly erred by failing to advise him of possible outcomes of the proceedings as required by ORS 426.”

State v. L. R., 391 P.3d 880 (Or. Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 3× “See ORS 426.130; former ORS 426.005(1)(e)(A) (2013), renumbered as ORS 426.”

State v. T. M. (In re T. M.), 437 P.3d 1197 (Or. Ct. App. 2019). · cites it 4× “" The court therefore determined that appellant had mental illness, within the meaning of ORS 426.130(1)(a) and ORS 426.005(1)(f)(A), and committed her to the Oregon Health Authority for a period not to exceed 180 days.”

State v. G. C.-M. (Or. Ct. App. 2026). · cites it 28× “In short, there are three possible results if the person is found to be a person with mental illness—vol- untary treatment, conditional release, or commitment to OHA—and two possible results if the person is found not to be a person with mental illness—release or assisted out-…”

Show all 790 citing cases →

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1) — 61 cases

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

State v. Jayne, 23 P.3d 990 (Or. Ct. App. 2001). “ORS 426.130. She makes two assignments of error.”

State v. M. B., 452 P.3d 1006 (Or. Ct. App. 2019). “The state sought civil commitment under ORS 426.130 (1)(a)(C) and ORS 426.005(1)(f)(B), based on appellant being unable to provide for her basic personal needs.”

Matter of Howell, 633 P.2d 14 (Or. Ct. App. 1981).

State v. J. R. S., 539 P.3d 341 (Or. Ct. App. 2023).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(C) — 2 cases

State v. C. H., 473 P.3d 60 (Or. Ct. App. 2020).

State v. M. L. C., 379 P.3d 844 (Multnomah Cty. Cir. Ct., O.R. 2016).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(D) — 3 cases

State v. S. E., 496 P.3d 1140 (Or. Ct. App. 2021).

State v. G. L., 243 P.3d 469 (Or. Ct. App. 2010).

State v. GL, 243 P.3d 469 (Or. Ct. App. 2010).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(a) — 29 cases

State v. S. R. J., 386 P.3d 99 (Or. Ct. App. 2016). “As pertinent to this case, “a person with mental illness” includes a “person who, because of a mental disorder, is * * * [d]angerous to self or others.”

State v. T. M. (In re T. M.), 437 P.3d 1197 (Or. Ct. App. 2019). “" The court therefore determined that appellant had mental illness, within the meaning of ORS 426.130(1)(a) and ORS 426.005(1)(f)(A), and committed her to the Oregon Health Authority for a period not to exceed 180 days.”

State v. S.F. (In re S.F.), 420 P.3d 691 (Or. Ct. App. 2018).

State v. M. G. (In re M. G.), 440 P.3d 123 (Or. Ct. App. 2019).

State v. J. G., 458 P.3d 721 (Or. Ct. App. 2020).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(a)(A) — 9 cases

State v. M. J. M., 456 P.3d 363 (Or. Ct. App. 2020).

State v. J.R.B. (In re J.R.B.), 418 P.3d 38 (Or. Ct. App. 2018).

State v. J. D., 499 P.3d 113 (Or. Ct. App. 2021).

State v. J. W. B., 492 P.3d 142 (Or. Ct. App. 2021).

State v. N. C., 345 Or. App. 789 (Or. Ct. App. 2025).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(a)(A)(i) — 2 cases

State v. M. J. M., 456 P.3d 363 (Or. Ct. App. 2020).

State v. J.R.B. (In re J.R.B.), 418 P.3d 38 (Or. Ct. App. 2018).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(a)(A)(ii) — 1 case

State v. J.R.B. (In re J.R.B.), 418 P.3d 38 (Or. Ct. App. 2018).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(a)(B) — 3 cases

State v. J.R.B. (In re J.R.B.), 418 P.3d 38 (Or. Ct. App. 2018).

State v. G. C.-M. (Or. Ct. App. 2026). “In short, there are three possible results if the person is found to be a person with mental illness—vol- untary treatment, conditional release, or commitment to OHA—and two possible results if the person is found not to be a person with mental illness—release or assisted out-…”

State v. G. C.-M. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(a)(C) — 158 cases

State v. M. J. F., 473 P.3d 1141 (Or. Ct. App. 2020). “Resolving all inferences in favor of the trial court’s disposition, this record is undoubtedly sufficient to permit a rational trier of fact to conclude that it is highly probable that appellant presents a danger to himself for purposes of ORS 426.130. Affirmed.”

State v. C. W., 553 P.3d 577 (Or. Ct. App. 2024). “” ORS 426.130 (outlining the circumstances in which a court is per- mitted to order civil commitment of a “person with mental illness”); ORS 426.”

State v. K.J.B. (In re K.J.B.), 416 P.3d 291 (Or. 2018).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(a)(D) — 33 cases

State v. P. D., 553 P.3d 1063 (Or. Ct. App. 2024). “ORS 426.130 provides the framework for the civil commitment of a “person with mental illness.”

State v. H. N., 545 P.3d 186 (Or. Ct. App. 2024).

State v. R. C. S. (In re R. C. S.), 415 P.3d 1164 (Or. Ct. App. 2018).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(b) — 28 cases

State v. Jacobson, 922 P.2d 670 (Or. Ct. App. 1996).

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

State v. King, 34 P.3d 739 (Or. Ct. App. 2001).

State v. Hayes, 121 P.3d 17 (Or. Ct. App. 2005).

State v. Buffum, 999 P.2d 541 (Or. Ct. App. 2000).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(b)(A) — 10 cases

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

State v. B. A. F. (In re B. A. F.), 414 P.3d 486 (Or. Ct. App. 2018). “See ORS 426.130. On appeal, he asserts that the trial court plainly erred by failing to advise him of possible outcomes of the proceedings as required by ORS 426.”

State v. MT, 258 P.3d 1288 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. J.R.B. (In re J.R.B.), 418 P.3d 38 (Or. Ct. App. 2018).

State v. J. W. B., 492 P.3d 142 (Or. Ct. App. 2021).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(b)(A)(i) — 5 cases

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

State v. White, 963 P.2d 107 (Or. Ct. App. 1998).

State v. AM-M., 238 P.3d 407 (Or. Ct. App. 2010).

State v. DLW, 260 P.3d 691 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. RE, 273 P.3d 341 (Or. Ct. App. 2012).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(b)(A)(ii) — 1 case

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(b)(B) — 6 cases

State v. MT, 258 P.3d 1288 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. J. W. B., 492 P.3d 142 (Or. Ct. App. 2021).

State v. S. S., 345 Or. App. 268 (Or. Ct. App. 2025).

State v. L. E. J. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(b)(C) — 44 cases

State v. Jayne, 23 P.3d 990 (Or. Ct. App. 2001). “ORS 426.130. She makes two assignments of error.”

State v. M. L. R., 303 P.3d 954 (Or. Ct. App. 2013).

State v. Gibson, 66 P.3d 560 (Or. Ct. App. 2003).

State v. Hayes, 121 P.3d 17 (Or. Ct. App. 2005).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(b)(C)(i) — 1 case

State v. Johansen, 866 P.2d 470 (Or. Ct. App. 1993).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(b)(D) — 2 cases

State v. Owenby, 826 P.2d 51 (Or. Ct. App. 1992).

State v. J. J. S. (In re J. J. S.), 441 P.3d 257 (Or. Ct. App. 2019).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(c) — 1 case

State v. L. D. W., 334 Or. App. 656 (Or. Ct. App. 2024).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(1)(d) — 2 cases

State v. L. P., 160 P.3d 634 (Or. Ct. App. 2007).

State v. LP, 160 P.3d 634 (Or. Ct. App. 2007).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(2) — 15 cases

State v. M. G. (In re M. G.), 440 P.3d 123 (Or. Ct. App. 2019).

State v. J.R.B. (In re J.R.B.), 418 P.3d 38 (Or. Ct. App. 2018).

State v. MT, 258 P.3d 1288 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

Matter of Fletcher, 654 P.2d 1121 (Or. Ct. App. 1982).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(2)(a)(C) — 1 case

State v. C. R. O., 347 Or. App. 114 (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(2)(a)(D) — 1 case

State v. O. R. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(2)(b) — 1 case

State v. C. T. B. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(2)(b)(A) — 1 case

State v. C. T. B. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(2)(b)(B) — 1 case

State v. C. T. B. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(3) — 6 cases

State v. Johansen, 866 P.2d 470 (Or. Ct. App. 1993).

Dietrich v. Brooks, 558 P.2d 357 (Or. Ct. App. 1976).

Matter of Jepson, 617 P.2d 284 (Or. Ct. App. 1980).

Matter of Barker, 600 P.2d 958 (Or. Ct. App. 1979).

State v. T. L. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(4) — 9 cases

State v. P. D., 553 P.3d 1063 (Or. Ct. App. 2024). “ORS 426.130 provides the framework for the civil commitment of a “person with mental illness.”

State v. T. H. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

State v. G. C.-M. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(5) — 1 case

State v. O. R. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(b) — 2 cases

State v. Stanley, 843 P.2d 1018 (Or. Ct. App. 1992).

State v. Evjen, 826 P.2d 92 (Or. Ct. App. 1992).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(b)(0) — 1 case

State v. C. C., 311 P.3d 948 (Or. Ct. App. 2013).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(b)(D) — 2 cases

State v. G. C.-M. (Or. Ct. App. 2026).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(a) — 8 cases

State v. MT, 258 P.3d 1288 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. Hilliard, 98 P.3d 767 (Or. Ct. App. 2004).

State v. S. L., 387 P.3d 449 (Or. Ct. App. 2016).

State v. M. T., 232 P.3d 980 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. T. M., 211 P.3d 359 (Or. Ct. App. 2009).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(a)(C) — 14 cases

State v. M. A., 371 P.3d 495 (Or. Ct. App. 2016).

State v. Z. A. B., 338 P.3d 802 (Or. Ct. App. 2014).

State v. J. T. C., 392 P.3d 754 (Or. Ct. App. 2017).

State v. W. B., 333 P.3d 1099 (Or. Ct. App. 2014).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(a)(D) — 2 cases

State v. Z. A. B., 338 P.3d 802 (Or. Ct. App. 2014).

State v. W. B., 333 P.3d 1099 (Or. Ct. App. 2014).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b) — 22 cases

State v. Miller, 107 P.3d 683 (Or. Ct. App. 2005).

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

State v. Allen, 149 P.3d 289 (Or. Ct. App. 2006).

State v. Hambleton, 123 P.3d 370 (Or. Ct. App. 2005).

State v. Puha, 144 P.3d 1044 (Or. Ct. App. 2006).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(A) — 8 cases

State v. Lawrence, 144 P.3d 967 (Or. Ct. App. 2006).

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

State v. D. R., 244 P.3d 916 (Or. Ct. App. 2010).

State v. D. M., 263 P.3d 1086 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. M. T., 232 P.3d 980 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(A)(i) — 3 cases

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

State v. D. L. W., 260 P.3d 691 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. A. M.-M., 238 P.3d 407 (Or. Ct. App. 2010).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(A)(ii) — 1 case

State v. Lott, 122 P.3d 97 (Or. Ct. App. 2005). “Also, nothing in ORS 426.130 requires an appellant to demonstrate that a specific, structured program is already in place.”

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(B) — 4 cases

State v. Hilliard, 98 P.3d 767 (Or. Ct. App. 2004).

State v. M. T., 232 P.3d 980 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. J. D. C., 204 P.3d 162 (Or. Ct. App. 2009).

State v. T. C., 342 P.3d 1112 (Or. Ct. App. 2015).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(C) — 34 cases

State v. Jayne, 23 P.3d 990 (Or. Ct. App. 2001). “ORS 426.130. She makes two assignments of error.”

State v. Roberts, 52 P.3d 1123 (Or. Ct. App. 2002).

State v. King, 34 P.3d 739 (Or. Ct. App. 2001).

State v. D. M., 263 P.3d 1086 (Or. Ct. App. 2011).

State v. Hayes, 121 P.3d 17 (Or. Ct. App. 2005).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(C)(i) — 1 case

State v. Johansen, 866 P.2d 470 (Or. Ct. App. 1993).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(C)(ii) — 2 cases

State v. Hilliard, 98 P.3d 767 (Or. Ct. App. 2004).

State v. Bryant, 871 P.2d 129 (Or. Ct. App. 1994).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(D) — 3 cases

State v. Bodell, 853 P.2d 841 (Or. Ct. App. 1993).

State v. Gifford, 113 P.3d 445 (Or. Ct. App. 2005).

State v. Thierman, 984 P.2d 320 (Or. Ct. App. 1999).

— Or. Rev. Stat. § 426.130(l)(b)(a)(i) — 1 case

State v. R. E., 273 P.3d 341 (Or. Ct. App. 2012).

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