Tex. Codes » Election Code · TITLE 2. VOTER QUALIFICATIONS AND REGISTRATION · CHAPTER 11. QUALIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR VOTING
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Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002 (2026)

Qualified Voter

✓ laws through the 89th Legislature (2025)
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Sec. 11.002. QUALIFIED VOTER. (a) In this code, "qualified voter" means a person who:

(1) is 18 years of age or older;

(2) is a United States citizen;

(3) has not been determined by a final judgment of a court exercising probate jurisdiction to be:

(A) totally mentally incapacitated; or

(B) partially mentally incapacitated without the right to vote;

(4) has not been finally convicted of a felony or, if so convicted, has:

(A) fully discharged the person's sentence, including any term of incarceration, parole, or supervision, or completed a period of probation ordered by any court; or

(B) been pardoned or otherwise released from the resulting disability to vote;

(5) is a resident of this state; and

(6) is a registered voter.

(b) For purposes of Subsection (a)(4), a person is not considered to have been finally convicted of an offense for which the criminal proceedings are deferred without an adjudication of guilt.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 211, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1986. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 54, Sec. 23, eff. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 16, Sec. 6.01, eff. Aug. 26, 1991; Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 916, Sec. 27, eff. Sept. 1, 1993; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 850, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.

Amended by:

Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 614 (H.B. 417), Sec. 22, eff. September 1, 2007.

Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 744 (H.B. 1226), Sec. 1, eff. June 17, 2011.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 43 cases (4 in the last 5 years), 1988–2026 · leading case: Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005).
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Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005). · cites it 2× “§ 2-2-102 (2003) Texas 18 Tex. Elec. Code Ann. § 11.002 (West 2003) Utah 18 Utah Const.”
Smith v. Merritt, 940 S.W.2d 602 (Tex. 1997). · cites it 2× “PRAC. & REM.CODE § 129.001 (age of majority is eighteen); TEX.”
United States v. James Eli Huff, II, 370 F.3d 454 (5th Cir. 2004). · cites it 2× “1994), the court cited the 1991 version of Tex. Elec.Code § 11.002(4)(A) and held that the defendant's right to vote had been restored, but observed in a footnote that "unlike the appellant in Thomas , Mr.”
Thompson v. Oklahoma, 487 U.S. 815 (1988). “Tex. Elec. Code Ann. § 11.002 (Supp. 1988) Utah Utah Code Ann.”
Kelvin Leon Jones v. Governor of Florida, 950 F.3d 795 (11th Cir. 2020). “§ 21-6613 (b) (extending disenfranchisement until a felon “has completed the terms of the authorized sentence”); Tex. Elec. Code Ann. § 11.002 (a)(4)(A) (permitting re- enfranchisement once a felon has “fully discharged .”
United States v. Jesus Martin Caicedo-Cuero, 312 F.3d 697 (5th Cir. 2002). “Tex. Elec.Code Ann. § 11.002(4) (Vernon 1995).”
Slusher v. Streater, 896 S.W.2d 239 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1995). · cites it 2× “See Tex.Elec.Code Ann. § 11.002 (Vernon Supp.”
Perez v. State, 11 S.W.3d 218 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000). · cites it 2× “See TEX. ELEC.CODE ANN. § 11.002(4)(A) and (B).”
In re of Lock, 54 S.W.3d 305 (Tex. 2001). · cites it 2× “[62] Rule IV(d)(2) provides: (2) An individual guilty of a felony under this rule is conclusively deemed not to have present good moral character and fitness and shall not be permitted to file a Declaration of Intention to Study Law or an Application for a period of five years…”
Gonzalez v. Villarreal, 251 S.W.3d 763 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi 2008). “(citing Tex. Elec.Code Ann. § 11.002 (Vernon 1986)).”
Vote.Org v. Paxton, 89 F.4th 459 (5th Cir. 2023). “TEX. ELECT. CODE § 11.002. There are similar qualifications for eligibility to register.”
Davis v. State, 968 S.W.2d 368 (Tex. Crim. App. 1998). “See Tex. Elec.Code § 11.002(4). 5 . Brief for Appellant (in Court of Appeals) at 5.”
Show all 43 citing cases →
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(1): 1 case
Smith v. Merritt, 940 S.W.2d 602 (Tex. 1997). “PRAC. & REM.CODE § 129.001 (age of majority is eighteen); TEX.”
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(4): 4 cases
United States v. Jesus Martin Caicedo-Cuero, 312 F.3d 697 (5th Cir. 2002). “Tex. Elec.Code Ann. § 11.002(4) (Vernon 1995).”
In re of Lock, 54 S.W.3d 305 (Tex. 2001). “[62] Rule IV(d)(2) provides: (2) An individual guilty of a felony under this rule is conclusively deemed not to have present good moral character and fitness and shall not be permitted to file a Declaration of Intention to Study Law or an Application for a period of five years…”
Davis v. State, 968 S.W.2d 368 (Tex. Crim. App. 1998). “See Tex. Elec.Code § 11.002(4). 5 . Brief for Appellant (in Court of Appeals) at 5.”
United States v. Caicedo-Cuero, No. 02-20751 (5th Cir. Dec. 4, 2002).
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(4)(A): 5 cases
Perez v. State, 11 S.W.3d 218 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000). “See TEX. ELEC.CODE ANN. § 11.002(4)(A) and (B).”
United States v. James Eli Huff, II, 370 F.3d 454 (5th Cir. 2004). “1994), the court cited the 1991 version of Tex. Elec.Code § 11.002(4)(A) and held that the defendant's right to vote had been restored, but observed in a footnote that "unlike the appellant in Thomas , Mr.”
United States v. Henry David Thomas, 991 F.2d 206 (5th Cir. 1993).
United States v. Huff, No. 03-20567 (5th Cir. May 27, 2004).
U.S. v. Thomas, No. 92-8343 (5th Cir. May 11, 1993).
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(4)(B): 1 case
Cuellar v. State, 40 S.W.3d 724 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2001).
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(4)(a): 2 cases
United States v. James Eli Huff, II, 370 F.3d 454 (5th Cir. 2004). “1994), the court cited the 1991 version of Tex. Elec.Code § 11.002(4)(A) and held that the defendant's right to vote had been restored, but observed in a footnote that "unlike the appellant in Thomas , Mr.”
United States v. Huff, No. 03-20567 (5th Cir. May 27, 2004).
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(5): 2 cases
Klumker v. Van Allred, 811 P.2d 75 (N.M. 1991).
Speights v. Willis, 88 S.W.3d 817 (Tex. App.—Beaumont 2002).
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(6): 1 case
In re Jackson, 14 S.W.3d 843 (Tex. App.—Waco 2000).
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(a): 1 case
Vote.org v. Callanen, 609 F. Supp. 3d 515 (W.D. Tex. 2022).
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(a)(4): 2 cases
State v. Richardson, 439 S.W.3d 403 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2014).
Marsha McLane v. Eric Thomas, No. 03-18-00439-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Mar. 6, 2020).
Tex. Elec. Code § 11.002(a)(5): 1 case
Voting for Am., Inc. v. Andrade, 888 F. Supp. 2d 816 (S.D. Tex. 2012).
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