Tex. Codes » Family Code · TITLE 3. JUVENILE JUSTICE CODE · CHAPTER 51. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Texas Codes

Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09 (2026)

Waiver Of Rights

✓ laws through the 89th Legislature (2025)
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Sec. 51.09. WAIVER OF RIGHTS. Unless a contrary intent clearly appears elsewhere in this title, any right granted to a child by this title or by the constitution or laws of this state or the United States may be waived in proceedings under this title if:

(1) the waiver is made by the child and the attorney for the child;

(2) the child and the attorney waiving the right are informed of and understand the right and the possible consequences of waiving it;

(3) the waiver is voluntary; and

(4) the waiver is made in writing or in court proceedings that are recorded.

Acts 1973, 63rd Leg., p. 1460, ch. 544, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1973. Amended by Acts 1975, 64th Leg., p. 2154, ch. 693, Sec. 9, eff. Sept. 1, 1975; Acts 1989, 71st Leg., ch. 84, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1989; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 64, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1991; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 429, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1991; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 557, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1991; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 593, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 26, 1991; Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 262, Sec. 8, 9, eff. Jan. 1, 1996; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1086, Sec. 4, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 193 cases (14 in the last 5 years), 1976–2026 · leading case: Vega v. State, 84 S.W.3d 613 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002).
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Vega v. State, 84 S.W.3d 613 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002). · cites it 6× “[11] Two subsections labeled "(c)" follow-the first addresses the consequences of a failure to warn under subsection (b)(1)(E) and (F) while the second involves a warning that, for certain crimes, the child can spend up to 40 years in prison even if he is not tried as an adult.”
Roquemore v. State, 60 S.W.3d 862 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001). · cites it 2× “Tex. Fam.Code § 51.09. Section 51.095 deals with the admissibility of a juvenile's statements.”
Rodriguez, Alberto, 466 S.W.3d 846 (Tex. Crim. App. 2015). · cites it 5× “See also Tex. Fam.Code § 51.09 (current). 23 . Tex.”
Rodriguez v. State, 975 S.W.2d 667 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 1998). · cites it 4× “Laws 4181 (current version at Tex Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09 (Vernon Supp.1998)).”
Goff v. State, 931 S.W.2d 537 (Tex. Crim. App. 1996). · cites it 2× “See Former Tex. Family Code Ann. § 54.02 (h) (Vernon's 1986) ("The examining trial shall be conducted by the court to which the case was transferred, which may remand the child to the jurisdiction of the juvenile court.”
Rogers v. Quarterman, 555 F.3d 483 (5th Cir. 2009). · cites it 3× “2d 694 (1966), as well as the heightened requirements imposed by Texas Family Code § 51.09, Rogers’s argument is unconvincing.”
Light v. State, 15 S.W.3d 104 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000). · cites it 2× “See Tex. Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09(a) (West 1996).”
Dixon v. State, 639 S.W.2d 9 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1982). · cites it 6× “Under Tex.Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09(b)(2) (Vernon Supp.”
Hidalgo v. State, 983 S.W.2d 746 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999). · cites it 2× “2338-1 (Vernon 1971). [9] The eight Supreme Court opinions: (1) Haley v.”
Smith v. State, 881 S.W.2d 727 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1994). · cites it 5× “In Comer , a juvenile defendant was taken by officers to the home of a justice of the peace who cautioned him in compliance with Tex.Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09 (Vernon Supp.1994).”
Childs v. State, 21 S.W.3d 631 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2000). · cites it 2× “09(b)(1)(G) (Vernon 1996) (now found at Tex. Fam.Code Ann. § 51.095(a)(1)(C) (Vernon Supp.”
Anthony v. State, 954 S.W.2d 132 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1997). · cites it 3× “Texas Family Code section 51.09 addresses the proper procedure for obtaining juvenile statements.”
Show all 193 citing cases →
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(4): 2 cases
in the Matter of M.C.S., Jr., 327 S.W.3d 802 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2010).
In Re MCS, Jr., 327 S.W.3d 802 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2010).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(B)(1): 1 case
Vasquez v. State, 663 S.W.2d 16 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1984).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(a): 22 cases
Light v. State, 15 S.W.3d 104 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000). “See Tex. Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09(a) (West 1996).”
Rodriguez, Alberto, 466 S.W.3d 846 (Tex. Crim. App. 2015). “See also Tex. Fam.Code § 51.09 (current). 23 . Tex.”
Rodriguez v. State, 975 S.W.2d 667 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 1998). “Laws 4181 (current version at Tex Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09 (Vernon Supp.1998)).”
R.X.F. v. State, 921 S.W.2d 888 (Tex. App.—Waco 1996).
Carter v. State, 650 S.W.2d 843 (Tex. App. 1982).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(a)(1): 3 cases
C.D.F. v. State, 852 S.W.2d 281 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1993).
Matter of SJ, 940 S.W.2d 332 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1997).
CDF v. State, 852 S.W.2d 281 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1993).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(a)(1)(A): 1 case
Vega v. State, 84 S.W.3d 613 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002). “[11] Two subsections labeled "(c)" follow-the first addresses the consequences of a failure to warn under subsection (b)(1)(E) and (F) while the second involves a warning that, for certain crimes, the child can spend up to 40 years in prison even if he is not tried as an adult.”
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(a)(2): 2 cases
C.D.F. v. State, 852 S.W.2d 281 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1993).
CDF v. State, 852 S.W.2d 281 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1993).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(a)(3): 2 cases
R.S.C., Matter Of, 940 S.W.2d 750 (Tex. App.—El Paso 1997).
Matter of RSC, 940 S.W.2d 750 (Tex. App.—El Paso 1997).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(a)(4): 5 cases
R.X.F. v. State, 921 S.W.2d 888 (Tex. App.—Waco 1996).
C.D.F. v. State, 852 S.W.2d 281 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1993).
CDF v. State, 852 S.W.2d 281 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1993).
RXF v. State, 921 S.W.2d 888 (Tex. App.—Waco 1996).
In the Matter of J.P.S. v. the State of Texas, No. 13-24-00120-CV (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg June 27, 2024).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(a)(l): 2 cases
C.O.S., Matter Of, 961 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1997).
In re S.J., 940 S.W.2d 332 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1997).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(b): 17 cases
Smith v. State, 881 S.W.2d 727 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1994). “In Comer , a juvenile defendant was taken by officers to the home of a justice of the peace who cautioned him in compliance with Tex.Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09 (Vernon Supp.1994).”
S.A.R. Matter Of, 931 S.W.2d 585 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1996).
Anthony v. State, 954 S.W.2d 132 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1997). “Texas Family Code section 51.09 addresses the proper procedure for obtaining juvenile statements.”
J.D., Matter Of, 773 S.W.2d 604 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 1989).
Travis v. State, 921 S.W.2d 559 (Tex. App.—Beaumont 1996).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(b)(1): 16 cases
Anthony v. State, 954 S.W.2d 132 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1997). “Texas Family Code section 51.09 addresses the proper procedure for obtaining juvenile statements.”
Meza v. State, 543 S.W.2d 189 (Tex. Civ. App.—Austin 1976).
Smith v. State, 881 S.W.2d 727 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1994). “In Comer , a juvenile defendant was taken by officers to the home of a justice of the peace who cautioned him in compliance with Tex.Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09 (Vernon Supp.1994).”
Mitchell v. State, 948 S.W.2d 62 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 1997).
Leno v. State, 934 S.W.2d 421 (Tex. App.—Waco 1996).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(b)(1)(A): 1 case
Matter of RM, 880 S.W.2d 297 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 1994).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(b)(1)(E): 1 case
Comer v. State, 792 S.W.2d 112 (Tex. App.—Tyler 1988).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(b)(1)(G): 3 cases
Childs v. State, 21 S.W.3d 631 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2000). “09(b)(1)(G) (Vernon 1996) (now found at Tex. Fam.Code Ann. § 51.095(a)(1)(C) (Vernon Supp.”
In re R.M., 880 S.W.2d 297 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 1994).
Matter of RM, 880 S.W.2d 297 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 1994).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(b)(2): 4 cases
Dixon v. State, 639 S.W.2d 9 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1982). “Under Tex.Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09(b)(2) (Vernon Supp.”
Salazar v. State, 648 S.W.2d 421 (Tex. App.—Austin 1983).
Roquemore v. State, 11 S.W.3d 395 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2000).
SDJ v. State, 879 S.W.2d 370 (Tex. App.—Eastland 1994).
Tex. Fam. Code § 51.09(d)(2): 6 cases
Rodriguez v. State, 975 S.W.2d 667 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 1998). “Laws 4181 (current version at Tex Fam.Code Ann. § 51.09 (Vernon Supp.1998)).”
Laird v. State, 933 S.W.2d 707 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1996).
Roquemore v. State, 11 S.W.3d 395 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2000).
In the Matter of R. J. H., 28 S.W.3d 250 (Tex. App.—Austin 2000).
In Re Rjh, 28 S.W.3d 250 (Tex. App.—Austin 2000).
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