Tex. Codes » Penal Code · TITLE 2. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY · CHAPTER 9. JUSTIFICATION EXCLUDING CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY
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Tex. Penal Code § 9.01 (2026)

Definitions

✓ current as of May 2026
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Sec. 9.01. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter:

(1) "Custody" has the meaning assigned by Section 38.01.

(2) "Escape" has the meaning assigned by Section 38.01.

(3) "Deadly force" means force that is intended or known by the actor to cause, or in the manner of its use or intended use is capable of causing, death or serious bodily injury.

(4) "Habitation" has the meaning assigned by Section 30.01.

(5) "Vehicle" has the meaning assigned by Section 30.01.

Acts 1973, 63rd Leg., p. 883, ch. 399, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1974. Amended by Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 900, Sec. 1.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1994; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 293, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.

Amended by:

Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1 (S.B. 378), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2007.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 94 cases (12 in the last 5 years), 1983–2025 · leading case: Ferrel v. State, 55 S.W.3d 586 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001).
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Ferrel v. State, 55 S.W.3d 586 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001). · cites it 6× “[14] Tex. Pen.Code Ann. § 9.01. [15] Ferrel, 16 S.”
Johnson v. State, 271 S.W.3d 359 (Tex. App. 2008). · cites it 4× “" TEX. PEN.CODE ANN. § 9.01 (Vernon Supp.2008) (The current version of the statute is cited as no amendments to this definition have occurred since the commission of the offense.”
Wallace v. State, 75 S.W.3d 576 (Tex. App. 2002). · cites it 2× “Tex. Pen.Code Ann. § 9.01, et seq. (Vernon 1994 & Supp.”
Alonzo v. State, 353 S.W.3d 778 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011). · cites it 2× “Tex. Pen. Code § 9.01(3). 20. See Martinez v.”
Phillip Bundy v. State, 280 S.W.3d 425 (Tex. App. 2009). · cites it 2× “” Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 9.01 (3) (Vernon Supp.”
Kenneth Ramone Dearborn, II v. State, 420 S.W.3d 366 (Tex. App. 2014). · cites it 2× “See Tex. Penal Code Ann. §§ 9.01 (3), 9.32(a)(2)(A).”
Smith v. State, 355 S.W.3d 138 (Tex. App. 2011). “” Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 9.01 (3) (West Supp.”
Alexis Elaina Walker v. State, 557 S.W.3d 678 (Tex. App. 2018). “” TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 9.01(3) (West 2011).”
Quattrocchi v. State, 173 S.W.3d 120 (Tex. App. 2005). · cites it 2× “ref'd); see also TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 9.01. "The use of force under section 9.”
Loun v. State, 273 S.W.3d 406 (Tex. App. 2008). “” Tex Penal Code Ann. § 9.01 (Vernon Supp.2008); Holmes v.”
Roberto Sanchez v. State, 418 S.W.3d 302 (Tex. App. 2013). “See Tex. Penal Code Ann § 9.01(3) (West 2011) (“ ‘Deadly force’ means force that is intended or known by the actor to cause, or in the manner of its use or intended use is capable of causing, death or serious bodily injury.”
Moore v. State, 845 S.W.2d 352 (Tex. App. 1993). “” Tex.Penal Code Ann. § 9.01(2) (Vernon 1977).”
Show all 94 citing cases →
— Tex. Penal Code § 9.01(1)(A) — 1 case
Letson v. State, 805 S.W.2d 801 (Tex. App. 1990).
— Tex. Penal Code § 9.01(2) — 1 case
Moore v. State, 845 S.W.2d 352 (Tex. App. 1993). “” Tex.Penal Code Ann. § 9.01(2) (Vernon 1977).”
— Tex. Penal Code § 9.01(3) — 44 cases
Ferrel v. State, 55 S.W.3d 586 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001). “[14] Tex. Pen.Code Ann. § 9.01. [15] Ferrel, 16 S.”
Alonzo v. State, 353 S.W.3d 778 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011). “Tex. Pen. Code § 9.01(3). 20. See Martinez v.”
Alexis Elaina Walker v. State, 557 S.W.3d 678 (Tex. App. 2018). “” TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 9.01(3) (West 2011).”
Johnson v. State, 271 S.W.3d 359 (Tex. App. 2008). “" TEX. PEN.CODE ANN. § 9.01 (Vernon Supp.2008) (The current version of the statute is cited as no amendments to this definition have occurred since the commission of the offense.”
Roberto Sanchez v. State, 418 S.W.3d 302 (Tex. App. 2013). “See Tex. Penal Code Ann § 9.01(3) (West 2011) (“ ‘Deadly force’ means force that is intended or known by the actor to cause, or in the manner of its use or intended use is capable of causing, death or serious bodily injury.”
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