U.S. Code » Title 15 » Chapter CHAPTER 41— CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— CONSUMER CREDIT COST DISCLOSURE › Part Part D— Credit Billing

15 U.S.C. § 1666d

Treatment of credit balances

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Whenever a credit balance in excess of $1 is created in connection with a consumer credit transaction through (1) transmittal of funds to a creditor in excess of the total balance due on an account, (2) rebates of unearned finance charges or insurance premiums, or (3) amounts otherwise owed to or held for the benefit of an obligor, the creditor shall—(A) credit the amount of the credit balance to the consumer’s account;(B) refund any part of the amount of the remaining credit balance, upon request of the consumer; and(C) make a good faith effort to refund to the consumer by cash, check, or money order any part of the amount of the credit balance remaining in the account for more than six months, except that no further action is required in any case in which the consumer’s current location is not known by the creditor and cannot be traced through the consumer’s last known address or telephone number.(Pub. L. 90–321, title I, § 165, as added Pub. L. 93–495, title III, § 306, Oct. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 1514; amended Pub. L. 96–221, title VI, § 621(a), Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 184.)Editorial NotesAmendments

1980—Pub. L. 96–221 substituted provisions relating to duties of creditor whenever a credit balance in excess of $1 is created in connection with a consumer credit transaction, for provisions relating to duties of creditor whenever an obligor transmits funds to creditor in excess of the total balance due on an open end consumer credit account.

Statutory Notes and Related SubsidiariesEffective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–221 effective on expiration of two years and six months after Mar. 31, 1980, with all regulations, forms, and clauses required to be prescribed to be promulgated at least one year prior to such effective date, and allowing any creditor to comply with any amendments, in accordance with the regulations, forms, and clauses prescribed by the Board prior to such effective date, see section 625 of Pub. L. 96–221, set out as a note under section 1602 of this title.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 12 cases (5 in the last 5 years), 2004–2026 · leading case: Vincent v. The Money Store, 736 F.3d 88 (2d Cir. 2013).
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Vincent v. The Money Store, 736 F.3d 88 (2d Cir. 2013). · cites it 4× “See 15 U.S.C. § 1666d (“Whenever a credit balance in excess of $1 is created in connection with a consumer credit transaction .”
Vincent v. Money Store, 402 F. Supp. 2d 501 (S.D.N.Y. 2005). · cites it 3× “TILA Claim Plaintiffs assert that The Money Store defendants violated TILA by charging unauthorized fees and expenses in excess of that permitted under California law, and failing to “credit Plaintiffs for such excess charges in violation of 15 U.S.C. § 1666d and 12 CFR § 226.21…”
Vincent v. Money Store, 915 F. Supp. 2d 553 (S.D.N.Y. 2013). “On April 24, 2003, the plaintiffs brought their initial action, Vincent I , against The Money Store defendants and Moss Codilis alleging violations of the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”), 15 U.S.C. § 1666d, and the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (“FDCPA”), 15 U.”
Mazzei v. Money Store, 349 F. Supp. 2d 651 (S.D.N.Y. 2004). “TILA and RESPA Claims Plaintiff additionally asserts a claim under TILA, 15 U.S.C. § 1666d and 12 C.F.R. § 226.21 , based on defendants’ collection of a returned check fee in excess of that permitted by plaintiffs loan documents, and on defendants’ charging for “Attorney…”
Mazzei v. Money Store, 288 F.R.D. 45 (S.D.N.Y. 2012). “The plaintiff alleges breach of contract, violations of the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”), 15 U.S.C. § 1666d, TILA Regulation Z, 12 C.”
Kline v. Mortg. Elec. Sec. Sys., 154 F. Supp. 3d 567 (S.D. Ohio 2015). · cites it 2× “§ 1692f(l); the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”), 15 U.S.C. § 1666d; the Ohio Consumer Sales Practices Act (“OCSPA”), Ohio Revised Code § 1345.”
Kline v. Mortg. Elec. Sec. Sys., 659 F. Supp. 2d 940 (S.D. Ohio 2009). “; the Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1666d; and the Class Action Fairness Act, 28 *955 U.”
Fitzgerald v. Mercedes-Benz Fin. Servs. USA LLC (M.D. Fla. 2024). · cites it 3× “270 ); Fitzgerald’s Response at 3 (asserting that MBFS is “not licensed to collect debt in the State of Florida”); Fitzgerald’s Response at 7 (contending that MBFS violated 15 U.S.C. § 1666d and Securities Exchange Rule 10b-5); see also Fitzgerald’s Reply at 5 (citing 15 U.”
Grimmer (D. Minnesota 2025). · cites it 2× “15 U.S.C. § 1666d. The regulation to which this claim refers, 12 C.”
Johnson v. Taylor Auto Sales, Inc. (W.D. Ky. 2024). “15 U.S.C. § 1666d (emphasis added). Johnson contends that the finance charges at issue are: (1) a $399.”
Johnson v. Navy Fed. Credit Union (E.D. Va. 2023). “The Court will also address 15 U.S.C. § 1666d, as Plaintiff listed this specific provision as a basis for federal jurisdiction.”
Conto (E.D. Ky. 2026). “See 1 At the outset of her complaint Conto makes a passing reference to the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”), 15 U.S.C. § 1666d. See id. at 2. However, she does not assert a claim under TILA in the body of her complaint or support such a claim with necessary factual allegations.”
— 15 U.S.C. § 1666d(A) — 1 case
Vincent v. The Money Store, 736 F.3d 88 (2d Cir. 2013). “See 15 U.S.C. § 1666d (“Whenever a credit balance in excess of $1 is created in connection with a consumer credit transaction .”
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