19 U.S.C. § 4012

Relationship of the Agreement to United States and State law

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(a) Relationship of Agreement to United States law(1) United States law to prevail in conflict

No provision of the Agreement, nor the application of any such provision to any person or circumstance, which is inconsistent with any law of the United States shall have effect.

(2) ConstructionNothing in this chapter shall be construed—(A) to amend or modify any law of the United States, or(B) to limit any authority conferred under any law of the United States,unless specifically provided for in this chapter.(b) Relationship of Agreement to State law(1) Legal challenge

No State law, or the application thereof, may be declared invalid as to any person or circumstance on the ground that the provision or application is inconsistent with the Agreement, except in an action brought by the United States for the purpose of declaring such law or application invalid.

(2) Definition of State lawFor purposes of this subsection, the term “State law” includes—(A) any law of a political subdivision of a State; and(B) any State law regulating or taxing the business of insurance.(c) Effect of Agreement with respect to private remediesNo person other than the United States—(1) shall have any cause of action or defense under the Agreement or by virtue of congressional approval thereof; or(2) may challenge, in any action brought under any provision of law, any action or inaction by any department, agency, or other instrumentality of the United States, any State, or any political subdivision of a State, on the ground that such action or inaction is inconsistent with the Agreement.(Pub. L. 109–53, title I, § 102, Aug. 2, 2005, 119 Stat. 464.)Termination of Section

For termination of section by section 107(d) of Pub. L. 109–53, see Effective and Termination Dates note below.

Editorial NotesReferences in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 109–53, Aug. 2, 2005, 119 Stat. 462, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4001 of this title and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related SubsidiariesEffective and Termination Dates

Section effective on the date the Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement enters into force (Mar. 1, 2006) and to cease to have effect on the date the Agreement ceases to be in force with respect to the United States, and, during any period in which a country ceases to be a CAFTA–DR country, to cease to have effect with respect to such country, see section 107 of Pub. L. 109–53, set out as a note under section 4001 of this title.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 1 case (1 in the last 5 years), 2024–2024 · leading case: Bock Holdings, LLC v. Repub. of Honduras (11th Cir. 2024).

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Bock Holdings, LLC v. Repub. of Honduras (11th Cir. 2024). “” 19 U.S.C. § 4012 (a)(1). So to the extent that the provisions of the Agreement and the FSIA conflict, the FSIA controls.”

Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.