20 U.S.C. § 1720

Definitions

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For the purposes of this subchapter—(a) The term “educational agency” means a local educational agency or a “State educational agency” as defined by section 801(k) 11 See References in Text note below. of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.(b) The term “local educational agency” means a local educational agency as defined by section 801(f) 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.(c) The term “segregation” means the operation of a school system in which students are wholly or substantially separated among the schools of an educational agency on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin or within a school on the basis of race, color, or national origin.(d) The term “desegregation” means desegregation as defined by section 2000c(b) of title 42.(e) An educational agency shall be deemed to transport a student if any part of the cost of such student’s transportation is paid by such agency.(Pub. L. 93–380, title II, § 221, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 518.)Editorial NotesReferences in Text

Section 801 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is section 801, title VIII, of Pub. L. 89–10, which was formerly classified to section 881 of this title. Section 801 of that Act was renumbered section 1001 of title X by Pub. L. 95–561, title VIII, § 801(1), (2), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2284, and was reclassified to section 3381 of this title. Section 1001 was subsequently renumbered section 8001 and amended generally by Pub. L. 100–297, title I, § 1002, Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 293, and, as so amended, did not contain subsections or specific definitions. Section 8001 was subsequently omitted in the general amendment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3519. For definitions, see section 7801 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related SubsidiariesEffective Date

Section effective on and after sixtieth day after Aug. 21, 1974, see section 2(c) of Pub. L. 93–380, set out as a note under section 1221–1 of this title.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 24 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1976–2022 · leading case: Bostock v. Clayton Cnty., 140 S. Ct. 1731 (2020).
Bostock v. Clayton Cnty., 140 S. Ct. 1731 (2020). · cites it 2× “§1715 (District Lines)  20 U. S. C. §1720 (Equal Educational Opportu- nities; Definitions) Cite as: 590 U.”
Khadidja Issa v. Lancaster Sch. Dist., 847 F.3d 121 (3rd Cir. 2017). “” 20 U.S.C. § 1720 (a); see id. § 7801(30)(A).”
Bd. of Educ., Joliet Tp. v. Bd. of Educ., 897 N.E.2d 756 (Ill. 2008). · cites it 2× “” 20 U.S.C. §1720 (2000). 5 A “local educational agency” is defined as: “[A] public board of education or other public authority legally constituted within a State for either administrative control or direction of, or to perform a service function for, public elementary schools…”
Jorge Gomez v. Illinois State Bd. of Educ. & Ted Sanders, in His Off. Capacity as Illinois State Superintendent of Educ., 811 F.2d 1030 (7th Cir. 1987). “Sections 221(a) and (b) of the EEOA, codified at 20 U.S.C. §§ 1720 (a) and (b), provide: (a) The term “educational agency” means a local educational agency or a “State educational agency” as defined by [20 U.”
United States v. Lulac, Gi Forum & Naacp, Plaintiffs-Intervenors-Appellees v. State of Texas, 793 F.2d 636 (5th Cir. 1986). “See 20 U.S.C. §§ 1720 (a) & (b); 20 U.S.C. §§ 881 (f) & (k); 20 U.”
Stanley v. Darlington Cnty. Sch. Dist., 879 F. Supp. 1341 (D.S.C. 1995). · cites it 2× “Section 1720 of the EEOA provides that, for purposes of Section 1703, the term “educational agency” means a “state educational agency” or a “local educational agency,” as those terms are defined in Section 801 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, 20 U.S.C. §…”
Arthur v. Nyquist, 415 F. Supp. 904 (W.D.N.Y. 1976). “See 20 U.S.C. § 1720 (c). Throughout this opinion, the terms “imbalance,” “segregated,” “predominantly majority” or “predominantly minority” are used interchangeably and without a precise mathematical connotation.”
Idaho Migrant Council v. Bd. of Educ., 647 F.2d 69 (9th Cir. 1981). “” 20 U.S.C. §§ 1720 (a), 881(k). Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 also creates an obligation on the part of the State Agency.”
United States v. Texas, 601 F.3d 354 (5th Cir. 2010). “” 20 U.S.C. §§ 1720 (a), 7801(41); see Gomez v.”
United States v. Hinds Cnty. Sch. Bd., United States of Am. v. Amite Cnty. Sch. Dist., 560 F.2d 619 (5th Cir. 1977). “By Congressional definition “segregation” means “the operation of a school system in which students are wholly or substantially separated among the schools of an educational agency on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin or within a school on the basis of race,…”
United States v. City of Yonkers, 880 F. Supp. 212 (S.D.N.Y. 1995). “” See 20 U.S.C. §§ 1720 (a), 3381. Section 2891 defines “local educational agency” as including public boards of education, such as the YBE.”
Bd. of Educ. of the City of Peoria, Sch. Dist. No. 150, Plaintiff v. Illinois State Bd. of Educ., 810 F.2d 707 (7th Cir. 1987). “20 U.S.C. § 1720 (a) (1982). This definition clearly encompasses the State Board.”
— 20 U.S.C. § 1720(a) — 1 case
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