38 U.S.C. § 7462

Major adverse actions involving professional conduct or competence

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(a)(1) Disciplinary Appeals Boards appointed under section 7464 of this title shall have exclusive jurisdiction to review any case—(A) which arises out of (or which includes) a question of professional conduct or competence of a section 7401(1) employee; and(B) in which a major adverse action was taken.(2) The board shall include in its record of decision in any mixed case a statement of the board’s exclusive jurisdiction under this subsection and the basis for such exclusive jurisdiction.(3) For purposes of paragraph (2), a mixed case is a case that includes both a major adverse action arising out of a question of professional conduct or competence and an adverse action which is not a major adverse action or which does not arise out of a question of professional conduct or competence.(b)(1) In any case in which charges are brought against a section 7401(1) employee which arises out of, or includes, a question of professional conduct or competence which could result in a major adverse action, the employee is entitled, within the aggregate time period specified in paragraph (5)(A), to the following:(A) Advance written notice from the Under Secretary for Health or other charging official specifically stating the basis for each charge, the adverse actions that could be taken if the charges are sustained, a statement of any specific law, regulation, policy, procedure, practice, or other specific instruction that has been violated with respect to each charge, and a file containing all the evidence in support of each charge, except that the requirement for notification in advance may be waived if there is reasonable cause to believe that the employee has committed a crime for which the employee may be imprisoned.(B) The opportunity, within the time period provided for in paragraph (4)(A), to present an answer orally and in writing to the Under Secretary for Health or other deciding official, who shall be an official higher in rank than the charging official, and to submit affidavits and other documentary evidence in support of the answer.(2) In any case described in paragraph (1), the employee is entitled to be represented by an attorney or other representative of the employee’s choice at all stages of the case.(3) After considering the employee’s answer, if any, and within the time period provided for in paragraph (5)(B), the deciding official shall render a decision on the charges. The decision shall be in writing and shall include the specific reasons therefor.(4)(A) The period for the response of an employee under paragraph (1)(B) to advance written notice under paragraph (1)(A) shall be seven business days.(B) The Secretary shall require that any appeal to a Disciplinary Appeals Board from a decision to impose a major adverse action shall be received within seven business days after the date of service of the written decision on the employee.(5)(A) The aggregate period for the resolution of charges against an employee under this subsection may not exceed 15 business days.(B) The deciding official shall render a decision under paragraph (3) on charges under this subsection not later than 15 business days after the Under Secretary provides notice on the charges for purposes of paragraph (1)(A).(6) The procedures in this subsection shall supersede any collective bargaining agreement to the extent that such agreement is inconsistent with such procedures.(c)(1) When a Disciplinary Appeals Board convenes to consider an appeal in a case under this section, the board, before proceeding to consider the merits of the appeal, shall determine whether the case is properly before it.(2) Upon hearing such an appeal, the board shall, with respect to each charge appealed to the board, sustain the charge, dismiss the charge, or sustain the charge in part and dismiss the charge in part. If the deciding official is sustained (in whole or in part) with respect to any such charge, the board shall—(A) approve the action as imposed;(B) approve the action with modification, reduction, or exception; or(C) reverse the action.(3) A board shall afford an employee appealing an adverse action under this section an opportunity for an oral hearing. If such a hearing is held, the board shall provide the employee with a transcript of the hearing.(4) The board shall render a decision in any case within 45 days of completion of the hearing, if there is a hearing, and in any event no later than 120 days after the appeal commenced.(d)(1) After resolving any question as to whether a matter involves professional conduct or competence, the Secretary shall cause to be executed the decision of the Disciplinary Appeals Board in a timely manner and in any event in not more than 90 days after the decision of the Board is received by the Secretary. Pursuant to the board’s decision, the Secretary may order reinstatement, award back pay, and provide such other remedies as the board found appropriate relating directly to the proposed action, including expungement of records relating to the action.(2) If the Secretary finds a decision of the board to be clearly contrary to the evidence or unlawful, the Secretary may—(A) reverse the decision of the board, or(B) vacate the decision of the board and remand the matter to the Board for further consideration.(3) If the Secretary finds the decision of the board (while not clearly contrary to the evidence or unlawful) to be not justified by the nature of the charges, the Secretary may mitigate the adverse action imposed.(4) The Secretary’s execution of a board’s decision shall be the final administrative action in the case.(e) The Secretary may designate an employee of the Department to represent management in any case before a Disciplinary Appeals Board.(f)(1) A section 7401(1) employee adversely affected by a final order or decision of a Disciplinary Appeals Board (as reviewed by the Secretary) may obtain judicial review of the order or decision.(2) In any case in which judicial review is sought under this subsection, the court shall review the record and hold unlawful and set aside any agency action, finding, or conclusion found to be—(A) arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law;(B) obtained without procedures required by law, rule, or regulation having been followed; or(C) unsupported by substantial evidence.(Added Pub. L. 102–40, title II, § 203(a), May 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 203; amended Pub. L. 102–405, title III, § 302(c)(1), Oct. 9, 1992, 106 Stat. 1984; Pub. L. 115–41, title II, § 208(b), June 23, 2017, 131 Stat. 878; Pub. L. 116–61, § 6(7), Sept. 30, 2019, 133 Stat. 1117.)Editorial NotesPrior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in this subchapter were contained in section 4110 of this title prior to the repeal of that section as part of the complete revision of chapter 73 of this title by Pub. L. 102–40.

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 116–61 inserted “notice” after “written”.

2017—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–41, § 208(b)(1)(A), in introductory provisions, inserted “, within the aggregate time period specified in paragraph (5)(A),” after “is entitled”.

Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 115–41, § 208(b)(1)(B), substituted “Advance written notice” for “At least 30 days advance written notice” and “a statement” for “and a statement” and inserted “and a file containing all the evidence in support of each charge,” after “with respect to each charge,”.

Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 115–41, § 208(b)(1)(C), substituted “The opportunity, within the time period provided for in paragraph (4)(A)” for “A reasonable time, but not less than seven days”.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 115–41, § 208(b)(2), added par. (3) and struck out former par. (3) which related to requirement that deciding official render a written decision within 21 days of receipt of the employee’s answer.

Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 115–41, § 208(b)(3)(A), added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: “The Secretary may require that any answer and submission under paragraph (1)(B) be submitted so as to be received within 30 days of the date of the written notice of the charges, except that the Secretary shall allow the granting of extensions for good cause shown.”

Subsec. (b)(4)(B). Pub. L. 115–41, § 208(b)(3)(B), substituted “seven business days” for “30 days”.

Subsec. (b)(5), (6). Pub. L. 115–41, § 208(b)(4), added pars. (5) and (6).

1992—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 102–405 substituted “Under Secretary for Health” for “Chief Medical Director” in subpars. (A) and (B).

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 49 cases (18 in the last 5 years), 1992–2026 · leading case: Dr. R. Michael Harding v. Dep't of Vets. Affairs, 448 F.3d 1373 (Fed. Cir. 2006).
Dr. R. Michael Harding v. Dep't of Vets. Affairs, 448 F.3d 1373 (Fed. Cir. 2006). · cites it 8× “Harding’s removal “involve[d] a question of professional conduct or competence,” entitling him to appeal the decision to a Disciplinary Appeals Board under 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (a). Dr. Harding then pursued two simultaneous avenues to challenge his removal.”
Suzanne Fligiel, M.D. v. Michael K. Samson, M.D., Anthony J. Principi, in His Capacity as Sec'y, Dep't of Vets. Affairs, 440 F.3d 747 (6th Cir. 2006). · cites it 3× “Fligiel filed two additional amended complaints: the first of these added a claim that the Saginaw transfer was retaliation for the prior complaint of sex discrimination, and the second added a claim that the transfer to Saginaw was a major adverse action, and Fligiel was denied…”
Jeffrey Dubnow v. Denis R. McDonough, 30 F.4th 603 (7th Cir. 2022). · cites it 8× “See 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (d)(4). The PDUSH remanded the case to the DAB, requesting fur- ther explanations as to why “diversion of the patient was ac- ceptable, focusing on the fact that a fully trained, Board Cer- tified ER physician should have been able to provide care to an…”
Durr v. Shinseki, 638 F.3d 1342 (11th Cir. 2011). · cites it 2× “Because Durr’s complaint seeks judicial review of the decision of a VA Disciplinary Appeals Board, we, like the district court, are limited in our review by 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (f). That subsection provides that a court may set aside the judgment of a Disciplinary Appeals Board…”
United States v. Eileen Crowell, 374 F.3d 790 (9th Cir. 2004). “” 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (d)(1). Congress has further directed that DNA analysis be expunged from certain indices when a conviction has been overturned.”
Mitchum v. Hurt, 73 F.3d 30 (3rd Cir. 1996). · cites it 4× “, one involving both a “major adverse action” based on “conduct or performance” and other adverse actions (see 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (a)(3))— the appointee may appeal to a Disciplinary Appeals Board (DAB).”
Riano v. McDonald, 833 F.3d 830 (7th Cir. 2016). “” 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (f)(2)(B). The “law” that Riano relies on is the federal constitution and as a “public employee” who had “a property interest in [his] job,” the constitution protects him from being fired without “due process of law.”
Pathak v. Dep't of Vets. Affairs, 274 F.3d 28 (1st Cir. 2001). “38 U.S.C. § 7462 (1994). The statute, however, defines “[a] question of professional conduct or competence [a]s a question involving .”
Kreso v. McDonald, 631 F. App'x 519 (10th Cir. 2015). · cites it 3× “§ 1291 and 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (f), this court affirms the ruling of the district court.”
Ward v. Brown, 22 F.3d 516 (2d Cir. 1994). · cites it 3× “It first found jurisdiction to hear the appeal because although decisions of the Secretary are “final” under 38 U.S.C. § 7462 , the Secretary did not persuade the district court by clear and convincing evidence that Congress intended to preclude judicial review of his decisions.”
Gregor v. Derwinski, 911 F. Supp. 643 (W.D.N.Y. 1996). “" 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (f)(1). As stated, § 7462 does not apply in this case because the imple- *653 meriting regulations had not been established at the time of the events in question.”
Abaqueta v. United States, 255 F. Supp. 2d 1020 (D. Ariz. 2003). “Whether Abaqueta Engaged in Professional Misconduct The Court has jurisdiction to review the decision of a Disciplinary Appeals Board for the Veterans Health Administration under 38 U.S.C. § 7462 (f), and in particular § 7462(f)(2), which reads, the court shall review the record…”
— 38 U.S.C. § 7462(d)(1) — 1 case
— 38 U.S.C. § 7462(d)(2)(A) — 1 case
Dubnow v. Wilkie (N.D. Ill. 2020).
— 38 U.S.C. § 7462(f)(2)(A) — 1 case
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