42 U.S.C. § 299b

Health care outcome improvement research

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(a) Evidence rating systems

In collaboration with experts from the public and private sector, the Agency shall identify and disseminate methods or systems to assess health care research results, particularly methods or systems to rate the strength of the scientific evidence underlying health care practice, recommendations in the research literature, and technology assessments. The Agency shall make methods or systems for evidence rating widely available. Agency publications containing health care recommendations shall indicate the level of substantiating evidence using such methods or systems.

(b) Health care improvement research centers and provider-based research networks(1) In generalIn order to address the full continuum of care and outcomes research, to link research to practice improvement, and to speed the dissemination of research findings to community practice settings, the Agency shall employ research strategies and mechanisms that will link research directly with clinical practice in geographically diverse locations throughout the United States, including—(A) health care improvement research centers that combine demonstrated multidisciplinary expertise in outcomes or quality improvement research with linkages to relevant sites of care;(B) provider-based research networks, including plan, facility, or delivery system sites of care (especially primary care), that can evaluate outcomes and evaluate and promote quality improvement; and(C) other innovative mechanisms or strategies to link research with clinical practice.(2) Requirements

The Director is authorized to establish the requirements for entities applying for grants under this subsection.

(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IX, § 911, as added Pub. L. 106–129, § 2(a), Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1656.)Editorial NotesPrior Provisions

A prior section 299b, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IX, § 911, as added Pub. L. 101–239, title VI, § 6103(a), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2192; amended Pub. L. 102–410, § 5(b), Oct. 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 2097, related to establishment of Office of the Forum for Quality and Effectiveness in Health Care, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 106–129.

Another prior section 299b, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IX, § 902, as added Oct. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–239, § 2, 79 Stat. 927; amended Oct. 15, 1968, Pub. L. 90–574, title I, § 103, 82 Stat. 1005; Oct. 30, 1970, Pub. L. 91–515, title I, §§ 104, 111(b), 84 Stat. 1299, 1301, defined terms for purposes of this subchapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–117, § 12(d), Oct. 7, 1985, 99 Stat. 495.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 23 cases (9 in the last 5 years), 1973–2025 · leading case: Carpenter v. United States, 138 S. Ct. 2206 (2018).
Carpenter v. United States, 138 S. Ct. 2206 (2018). “§3403 (a) (“No financial institution, or officer, employees, or agent of a financial institution, may provide to any Government authority access to or copies of, or the information contained in, the financial records of any customer except in accordance with the provisions of…”
Jean Charles, Jr., etc. v. S. Baptist Hosp. of Florida, Inc., etc., 209 So. 3d 1199 (Fla. 2017). · cites it 5× “However, unless an “exception” exists under 42 U.S.C. § 299b- 22(d)(2), “[p]atient safety work product that is disclosed under subsection (c) of this section shall continue to be privileged and confidential as provided for in subsections (a) and (b) of this section, and such…”
Ungurian, S. v. Beyzman, A., M.D., 232 A.3d 786 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2020). “: FILED APRIL 28, 2020 Appellant, Wilkes-Barre Hospital Company, LLC d/b/a Wilkes-Barre General Hospital (“Hospital”), appeals from five Orders entered in the trial court compelling production of documents that Hospital alleges are privileged by the Patient Safety Quality…”
Univ. of Kentucky v. Bunnell, 532 S.W.3d 658 (Ky. Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 2× “, information kept internally or reported externally that is either mandated by law or is a mandatory condition of participation in a government-sanctioned, voluntary program [42 U.S.C. § 299b—21(7)(B)(iii)(II) (“reports] of information .”
In re: Baycare Med. Grp., Inc., 101 F.4th 1287 (11th Cir. 2024). · cites it 3× “” 42 U.S.C. § 299b- 22(a)(2). The Act defines “patient safety work product” as, in USCA11 Case: 23-12571 Document: 32 Date Filed: 05/14/2024 Page: 4 of 17 4 Opinion of the Court 23-12571 relevant part, “any data, reports, records, memoranda, anal- yses, .”
Tibbs v. Bunnell, 448 S.W.3d 796 (Ky. 2014). “Complementing the privilege is a confidentiality provision establishing that “patient safety work product shall be confidential and shall not be disclosed” except as authorized by the Act itself.”
S. Baptist Hosp. of Florida, Inc. v. Charles ex rel. Charles, 178 So. 3d 102 (Fla. 1st DCA 2015). · cites it 2× “42 U.S.C. § 299b — 21 (7)(B)(i) — (ii). Finally, the Act makes clear that the definition of PSWP should not be construed to relieve a provider’s duty to respond to federal, state, or local law obligations with information that is not privileged or confidential: (in) Nothing in…”
People of Enewetak v. Laird, 353 F. Supp. 811 (D. Haw. 1973). “1972) (Fire Research and Safety Program Grants) ; 42 U.S.C. § 299b (Supp.1972) (Heart Disease, Cancer and Related Disease Research) ; 22 U.”
Kennedy v. Braidwood Mgmt., Inc. (2025). · cites it 10× “(2) Braidwood claims that 42 U. S. C. §299b–4(a)(6)’s requirement that Task Force members be “independent and, to the extent practica- ble, not subject to political pressure” must mean that the Task Force is completely insulated from the Secretary.”
Ungurian, S. v. Beyzman, A., M.D., 2020 Pa. Super. 105 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2020). “: FILED APRIL 28, 2020 Appellant, Wilkes-Barre Hospital Company, LLC d/b/a Wilkes-Barre General Hospital (“Hospital”), appeals from five Orders entered in the trial court compelling production of documents that Hospital alleges are privileged by the Patient Safety Quality…”
Braidwood Mgmt. Inc. v. Xavier Becerra (N.D. Tex. 2023). · cites it 3× “4 42 U.S.C. § 299b- 4(a)(1). When it created PSTF, Congress specified that the Task Force’s recommendations “shall be independent and, to the extent practicable, not subject to political pressure.”
Sofamor Danek Grp., Inc. v. Clinton, 870 F. Supp. 379 (D.D.C. 1994). “42 U.S.C. § 299b. Based on the guidelines produced, the Forum oversees development of medical review criteria, standards of quality, and performance measures which assist health care providers to assess or review the provision of health care.”
— 42 U.S.C. § 299b(a)(1) — 1 case
Braidwood Mgmt. Inc. v. Xavier Becerra (N.D. Tex. 2023). “4 42 U.S.C. § 299b- 4(a)(1). When it created PSTF, Congress specified that the Task Force’s recommendations “shall be independent and, to the extent practicable, not subject to political pressure.”
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