5 U.S.C. § 7118

Prevention of unfair labor practices

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(a)(1) If any agency or labor organization is charged by any person with having engaged in or engaging in an unfair labor practice, the General Counsel shall investigate the charge and may issue and cause to be served upon the agency or labor organization a complaint. In any case in which the General Counsel does not issue a complaint because the charge fails to state an unfair labor practice, the General Counsel shall provide the person making the charge a written statement of the reasons for not issuing a complaint.(2) Any complaint under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall contain a notice—(A) of the charge;(B) that a hearing will be held before the Authority (or any member thereof or before an individual employed by the authority and designated for such purpose); and(C) of the time and place fixed for the hearing.(3) The labor organization or agency involved shall have the right to file an answer to the original and any amended complaint and to appear in person or otherwise and give testimony at the time and place fixed in the complaint for the hearing.(4)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, no complaint shall be issued based on any alleged unfair labor practice which occurred more than 6 months before the filing of the charge with the Authority.(B) If the General Counsel determines that the person filing any charge was prevented from filing the charge during the 6-month period referred to in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph by reason of—(i) any failure of the agency or labor organization against which the charge is made to perform a duty owed to the person, or(ii) any concealment which prevented discovery of the alleged unfair labor practice during the 6-month period,the General Counsel may issue a complaint based on the charge if the charge was filed during the 6-month period beginning on the day of the discovery by the person of the alleged unfair labor practice.(5) The General Counsel may prescribe regulations providing for informal methods by which the alleged unfair labor practice may be resolved prior to the issuance of a complaint.(6) The Authority (or any member thereof or any individual employed by the Authority and designated for such purpose) shall conduct a hearing on the complaint not earlier than 5 days after the date on which the complaint is served. In the discretion of the individual or individuals conducting the hearing, any person involved may be allowed to intervene in the hearing and to present testimony. Any such hearing shall, to the extent practicable, be conducted in accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 5 of this title, except that the parties shall not be bound by rules of evidence, whether statutory, common law, or adopted by a court. A transcript shall be kept of the hearing. After such a hearing the Authority, in its discretion, may upon notice receive further evidence or hear argument.(7) If the Authority (or any member thereof or any individual employed by the Authority and designated for such purpose) determines after any hearing on a complaint under paragraph (5) of this subsection that the preponderance of the evidence received demonstrates that the agency or labor organization named in the complaint has engaged in or is engaging in an unfair labor practice, then the individual or individuals conducting the hearing shall state in writing their findings of fact and shall issue and cause to be served on the agency or labor organization an order—(A) to cease and desist from any such unfair labor practice in which the agency or labor organization is engaged;(B) requiring the parties to renegotiate a collective bargaining agreement in accordance with the order of the Authority and requiring that the agreement, as amended, be given retroactive effect;(C) requiring reinstatement of an employee with backpay in accordance with section 5596 of this title; or(D) including any combination of the actions described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of this paragraph or such other action as will carry out the purpose of this chapter.If any such order requires reinstatement of an employee with backpay, backpay may be required of the agency (as provided in section 5596 of this title) or of the labor organization, as the case may be, which is found to have engaged in the unfair labor practice involved.(8) If the individual or individuals conducting the hearing determine that the preponderance of the evidence received fails to demonstrate that the agency or labor organization named in the complaint has engaged in or is engaging in an unfair labor practice, the individual or individuals shall state in writing their findings of fact and shall issue an order dismissing the complaint.(b) In connection with any matter before the Authority in any proceeding under this section, the Authority may request, in accordance with the provisions of section 7105(i) of this title, from the Director of the Office of Personnel Management an advisory opinion concerning the proper interpretation of rules, regulations, or other policy directives issued by the Office of Personnel Management.(Added Pub. L. 95–454, title VII, § 701, Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1207.)Statutory Notes and Related SubsidiariesEffective Date

Section effective 90 days after Oct. 13, 1978, see section 907 of Pub. L. 95–454, set out as an Effective Date of 1978 Amendment note under section 1101 of this title.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 108 cases (15 in the last 5 years), 1979–2025 · leading case: Gutierrez v. Flores, 543 F.3d 248 (5th Cir. 2008).

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Gutierrez v. Flores, 543 F.3d 248 (5th Cir. 2008). · cites it 2× “5 U.S.C. § 7118 (a)(1) (emphasis added). The section then provides a detailed administrative scheme to be followed in such actions before the FLRA.”

Nat'l Labor Relations Bd. Union v. Fed. Labor Relations Auth., 834 F.2d 191 (D.C. Cir. 1987). · cites it 2× “5 U.S.C. § 7118 (a)(7)(B). Although the FLRA in its discretion might rarely grant such relief in response to an agency’s erroneous but good-faith allegation of non-negotiability, the Statute does not rule out such a remedy, the Union contended, and the FLRA’s regulations…”

Paul E. Montplaisir v. Richard J. Leighton, 875 F.2d 1 (1st Cir. 1989). · cites it 2× “State statutes of limitations for legal malpractice are typically far more generous 6 than the six-month deadline for prosecuting unfair labor practice charges under CSRA, 5 U.S.C. § 7118 (a)(4), or the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), 29 U.”

Clark v. Mark, 590 F. Supp. 1 (N.D.N.Y. 1980). · cites it 7× “Under 5 U.S.C. § 7118 , any allegation of unfair labor practice is required to be filed with the General Counsel of the FLRA for investigation and the issuance of a complaint.”

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms v. Fed. Labor Relations Auth., 464 U.S. 89 (1983). “6 Title 5 U. S. C. §7118 (1982 ed.) provides in part: “(a)(1) If any agency or labor organization is charged by any person with having engaged in or engaging in an unfair labor practice, the General Counsel shall investigate the charge and may issue and cause to be served upon…”

Am. Fed'n of Gov't Employees, Afl-Cio, Local 3090 v. Fed. Labor Relations Auth., 777 F.2d 751 (D.C. Cir. 1985). · cites it 2× “See generally 5 U.S.C. § 7118 ; 5 C.F.R. § 2423 . . See supra note 2.”

Dep't of the Air Force v. Fed. Labor Relations Auth., Am. Fed'n of Gov't Employees, Amicus Curiae on Behalf Of, 775 F.2d 727 (6th Cir. 1985). · cites it 3× “8 The FLRA also agreed with the AU that the charge had been timely filed within six months of the alleged conduct as required by 5 U.S.C. § 7118 (a)(4)(A). This conclusion was based on the findings that a failure to implement an award could not constitute an unfair labor…”

Council of Prison Locals v. Roy Brewer, 735 F.2d 1497 (D.C. Cir. 1984). · cites it 2× “§ 7116 (a)(6), (b)(6) (it is an unfair labor practice for an agency or a labor organization “to fail or refuse to cooperate in impasse procedures and impasse decisions”).”

Feds for Med. Freedom v. Biden, 63 F.4th 366 (5th Cir. 2023). “See 5 U.S.C. § 7118 (a)(7)(C). Accordingly, the district court did not show that the plaintiffs are likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief.”

Nat'l Fed'n of Fed. Employees, Local 1263 v. Commandant, Def. Language Inst., 493 F. Supp. 675 (N.D. Cal. 1980). · cites it 2× “11 5 U.S.C. § 7118 . Such practices are extensively enumerated in § 7116 and include refusals to bargain under § 7116(a)(5).”

U.S. Capitol Police v. Off. of Compliance, 908 F.3d 748 (Fed. Cir. 2018). · cites it 3× “§ 2424, with Office of Compliance Regs. § 2423. This strongly suggests that a "complaint" does not include a "petition.”

United States Dep't of Navy v. Fed. Labor Relations Auth., 665 F.3d 1339 (D.C. Cir. 2012). “5 U.S.C. § 7118 (a)(l)-(2). The Authority’s resolution of a charge is subject to judicial review in the courts of appeals.”

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