A. If any person shall conspire, confederate or combine with another or others in the Commonwealth to go upon or remain upon the lands, buildings or premises of another, or any part, portion or area thereof, having knowledge that any of them have been forbidden, either orally or in writing, to do so by the owner, lessee, custodian or other person lawfully in charge thereof, or having knowledge that any of them have been forbidden to do so by a sign or signs posted on such lands, buildings, premises or part, portion or area thereof at a place or places where it or they may reasonably be seen, he shall be deemed guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor.
B. If any person shall conspire, confederate or combine with another or others in the Commonwealth to commit larceny or counsel, assist, aid or abet another in the performance of a larceny, where the aggregate value of the goods or merchandise involved is $1,000 or more, he is guilty of a felony punishable by confinement in a state correctional facility for not less than one year nor more than 20 years. The willful concealment of goods or merchandise of any store or other mercantile establishment, while still on the premises thereof, shall be prima facie evidence of an intent to convert and defraud the owner thereof out of the value of the goods or merchandise. A violation of this subsection constitutes a separate and distinct felony.
C. Jurisdiction for the trial of any person charged under this section shall be in the county or city wherein any part of such conspiracy is planned, or in the county or city wherein any act is done toward the consummation of such plan or conspiracy.
Code 1950, § 18.1-15.1; 1960, cc. 99, 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 2003, c. 831; 2018, cc. 764, 765; 2020, cc. 89, 401.
Notes of Decisions
Freddy Velez-Suarez v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 767 S.E.2d 715 (Va. Ct. App. 2015).
· cites it 6× “Freddy Velez-Suarez (appellant) appeals his convictions of conspiracy to commit grand larceny in violation of Code §§ 18.2-23 and -95 and destruction of property in violation of Code § 18.”
Williams v. Commonwealth, 669 S.E.2d 354 (Va. Ct. App. 2008).
· cites it 6× “Code § 18.2-23 makes it a felony to “conspire, confederate or combine with another or others .”
Levin Grimes v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 749 S.E.2d 218 (Va. Ct. App. 2013).
· cites it 4× “2-95, conspiracy to commit grand larceny, Code § 18.2-23, larceny of property belonging to another with a value of $200 or more with the intent to sell or distribute such property, Code § 18.”
Wade v. Commonwealth, 696 S.E.2d 258 (Va. Ct. App. 2010).
· cites it 4× “Appellant contends that because Code § 18.2-23(A) provides that a person is guilty of a misdemeanor if he conspires to trespass, Code § 18.”
Nikita Terell Brown v. Commonwealth of Virginia, No. 1984091 (Va. Ct. App. July 27, 2010).
· cites it 12× “Nikita Terell Brown, appellant, was convicted, in a bench trial, of conspiracy to commit larceny, in violation of Code § 18.2-23(B), and grand larceny, in violation of Code § 18.”
Johnathan Andrew Harris v. Commonwealth of Virginia, No. 0105232 (Va. Ct. App. Mar. 19, 2024).
· cites it 2× “Code § 18.2-23(B) states in pertinent part: If any person shall conspire, confederate or combine with another or others in the Commonwealth to commit larceny or counsel, assist, aid or abet another in the performance of a larceny, where the aggregate value of the goods or…”
Angel L. Jones v. City of Portsmouth, No. 0744241 (Va. Ct. App. Aug. 26, 2025).
· cites it 2× “have subjected herself to” if she cooperated with “the unlawful demands of the four members of the City Council”: Conspiracy to Commit Larceny, Section 18.2-23 of the Code of Virginia (1950), as amended; Embezzlement of Public Funds, Section 18.”
Commonwealth v. Holdaway, 31 Va. Cir. 190 (Loudoun Cir. Ct. 1993).
· cites it 2× “Section 18.2-23, Code of Virginia, as amended.”
Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-23(A): 1 case
Wade v. Commonwealth, 696 S.E.2d 258 (Va. Ct. App. 2010).
“Appellant contends that because Code § 18.2-23(A) provides that a person is guilty of a misdemeanor if he conspires to trespass, Code § 18.”
Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-23(B): 4 cases
Williams v. Commonwealth, 669 S.E.2d 354 (Va. Ct. App. 2008).
“Code § 18.2-23 makes it a felony to “conspire, confederate or combine with another or others .”
Nikita Terell Brown v. Commonwealth of Virginia, No. 1984091 (Va. Ct. App. July 27, 2010).
“Nikita Terell Brown, appellant, was convicted, in a bench trial, of conspiracy to commit larceny, in violation of Code § 18.2-23(B), and grand larceny, in violation of Code § 18.”
Johnathan Andrew Harris v. Commonwealth of Virginia, No. 0105232 (Va. Ct. App. Mar. 19, 2024).
“Code § 18.2-23(B) states in pertinent part: If any person shall conspire, confederate or combine with another or others in the Commonwealth to commit larceny or counsel, assist, aid or abet another in the performance of a larceny, where the aggregate value of the goods or…”
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