Va. Code » Title 24.2. Elections » Chapter 2. Federal, Commonwealth, and Local Officers » Article 7. Removal of Public Officers from Office
Virginia Code

Va. Code Ann. § 24.2-233 (2026)

Removal of elected and certain appointed officers by courts

✓ current as of May 2026
Find cases: SyfertCases citing this section VA-LISlaw.lis.virginia.gov JustiaTitle on Justia CornellLII Search CasesGoogle Scholar

Upon petition, a circuit court may remove from office any elected officer or officer who has been appointed to fill an elective office, residing within the jurisdiction of the court:

1. For neglect of a clear, ministerial duty of the office, misuse of the office, or incompetence in the performance of the duties of the office when that neglect of duty, misuse of office, or incompetence in the performance of duties has a material adverse effect upon the conduct of the office;

2. Upon conviction of a misdemeanor pursuant to Article 1 (§ 18.2-247 et seq.) or Article 1.1 (§ 18.2-265.1 et seq.) of Chapter 7 of Title 18.2 and after all rights of appeal have terminated involving the:

a. Manufacture, sale, gift, distribution, or possession with intent to manufacture, sell, give, or distribute a controlled substance;

b. Sale, possession with intent to sell, or placing an advertisement for the purpose of selling drug paraphernalia; or

c. Possession of any controlled substance and such conviction under subdivision a, b, or c has a material adverse effect upon the conduct of such office;

3. Upon conviction, and after all rights of appeal have terminated, of a misdemeanor involving a "hate crime" as that term is defined in § 52-8.5 when the conviction has a material adverse effect upon the conduct of such office; or

4. Upon conviction, and after all rights of appeal have terminated, of sexual battery in violation of § 18.2-67.4, attempted sexual battery in violation of subsection C of § 18.2-67.5, peeping or spying into dwelling or enclosure in violation of § 18.2-130, consensual sexual intercourse with a child 15 years of age or older in violation of § 18.2-371, or indecent exposure of himself or procuring another to expose himself in violation of § 18.2-387, and such conviction has a material adverse effect upon the conduct of such office.

The petition must be signed by a number of registered voters who reside within the jurisdiction of the officer equal to 10 percent of the total number of votes cast at the last election for the office that the officer holds.

Any person removed from office under the provisions of subdivision 2, 3, or 4 may not be subsequently subject to the provisions of this section for the same criminal offense.

1975, cc. 515, 595, § 24.1-79.5; 1989, c. 470; 1993, c. 641; 2002, cc. 588, 623; 2011, cc. 384, 410; 2014, cc. 566, 674, 719; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 550, 551; 2023, cc. 663, 664.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 4 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 2011–2021 · leading case: Commonwealth v. Williams, 809 S.E.2d 672 (Va. 2018).
Sort: Relevance Newest Treatment
Commonwealth v. Williams, 809 S.E.2d 672 (Va. 2018). · cites it 50× “BERNARD GOODWYN **92 In this appeal, we consider whether the circuit court erred by dismissing a petition to remove an elected officer, pursuant to **93 Code § 24.2-233, et seq. , on the grounds that the petition was not signed under penalty of perjury by a number of registered…”
Johnson v. Woodard, 707 S.E.2d 325 (Va. 2011). · cites it 11× “In this appeal, we consider whether the circuit court erred in imposing sanctions against forty Gloucester citizens (the petitioners) who submitted petitions in the circuit court seeking the removal of four members (the supervisors) of Gloucester County's seven member Board of…”
State of Alaska, Off. of Lieutenant Governor, Div. of Elections & Dir. Gail Fenumiai, in an Off. capacity v. Recall Dunleavy, 491 P.3d 343 (Alaska 2021). “2-16-603 (2019) (limiting recall to “[p]hysical or mental lack of fitness, incompetence, violation of the oath of office, official misconduct, or conviction of” certain felony offenses); Va. Code Ann. § 24.2-233 (limiting recall to “neglect of duty, misuse of office, or…”
Townes v. Virginia State Bd. of Elections (Va. 2020). · cites it 8× “A basis for removal under Code § 24.2-233 includes the “neglect of duty, misuse of office, or incompetence in the performance of duties .”
Va. Code Ann. § 24.2-233(1): 1 case
Townes v. Virginia State Bd. of Elections (Va. 2020). “A basis for removal under Code § 24.2-233 includes the “neglect of duty, misuse of office, or incompetence in the performance of duties .”
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.