Revised Code of Washington

Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030 (2026)

✓ current as of May 2026

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(1) "Underinsured motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle with respect to the ownership, maintenance, or use of which either no bodily injury or property damage liability bond or insurance policy applies at the time of an accident, or with respect to which the sum of the limits of liability under all bodily injury or property damage liability bonds and insurance policies applicable to a covered person after an accident is less than the applicable damages which the covered person is legally entitled to recover.

(2) No new policy or renewal of an existing policy insuring against loss resulting from liability imposed by law for bodily injury, death, or property damage, suffered by any person arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle shall be issued with respect to any motor vehicle registered or principally garaged in this state unless coverage is provided therein or supplemental thereto for the protection of persons insured thereunder who are legally entitled to recover damages from owners or operators of underinsured motor vehicles, hit-and-run motor vehicles, and phantom vehicles because of bodily injury, death, or property damage, resulting therefrom, except while operating or occupying a motorcycle or motor-driven cycle, and except while operating or occupying a motor vehicle owned or available for the regular use by the named insured or any family member, and which is not insured under the liability coverage of the policy. The coverage required to be offered under this chapter is not applicable to general liability policies, commonly known as umbrella policies, or other policies which apply only as excess to the insurance directly applicable to the vehicle insured.

(3) Except as to property damage, coverage required under subsection (2) of this section shall be in the same amount as the insured's third party liability coverage unless the insured rejects all or part of the coverage as provided in subsection (4) of this section. Coverage for property damage need only be issued in conjunction with coverage for bodily injury or death. Property damage coverage required under subsection (2) of this section shall mean physical damage to the insured motor vehicle unless the policy specifically provides coverage for the contents thereof or other forms of property damage.

(4) A named insured or spouse may reject, in writing, underinsured coverage for bodily injury or death, or property damage, and the requirements of subsections (2) and (3) of this section shall not apply. If a named insured or spouse has rejected underinsured coverage, such coverage shall not be included in any supplemental or renewal policy unless a named insured or spouse subsequently requests such coverage in writing. The requirement of a written rejection under this subsection shall apply only to the original issuance of policies issued after July 24, 1983, and not to any renewal or replacement policy. When a named insured or spouse chooses a property damage coverage that is less than the insured's third party liability coverage for property damage, a written rejection is not required.

(5) The limit of liability under the policy coverage may be defined as the maximum limits of liability for all damages resulting from any one accident regardless of the number of covered persons, claims made, or vehicles or premiums shown on the policy, or premiums paid, or vehicles involved in an accident.

(6) The policy may provide that if an injured person has other similar insurance available to him or her under other policies, the total limits of liability of all coverages shall not exceed the higher of the applicable limits of the respective coverages.

(7)(a) The policy may provide for a deductible of not more than three hundred dollars for payment for property damage when the damage is caused by a hit-and-run driver or a phantom vehicle.

(b) In all other cases of underinsured property damage coverage, the policy may provide for a deductible of not more than one hundred dollars.

(8) For the purposes of this chapter, a "phantom vehicle" shall mean a motor vehicle which causes bodily injury, death, or property damage to an insured and has no physical contact with the insured or the vehicle which the insured is occupying at the time of the accident if:

(a) The facts of the accident can be corroborated by competent evidence other than the testimony of the insured or any person having an underinsured motorist claim resulting from the accident; and

(b) The accident has been reported to the appropriate law enforcement agency within seventy-two hours of the accident.

(9) An insurer who elects to write motorcycle or motor-driven cycle insurance in this state must provide information to prospective insureds about the coverage.

(10) An insurer who elects to write motorcycle or motor-driven cycle insurance in this state must provide an opportunity for named insureds, who have purchased liability coverage for a motorcycle or motor-driven cycle, to reject underinsured coverage for that motorcycle or motor-driven cycle in writing.

(11) If the covered person seeking underinsured motorist coverage under this section was the intended victim of the tort feasor, the incident must be reported to the appropriate law enforcement agency and the covered person must cooperate with any related law enforcement investigation.

(12) The purpose of this section is to protect innocent victims of motorists of underinsured motor vehicles. Covered persons are entitled to coverage without regard to whether an incident was intentionally caused. However, a person is not entitled to coverage if the insurer can demonstrate that the covered person intended to cause the event for which a claim is made under the coverage described in this section. As used in this section, and in the section of policies providing the underinsured motorist coverage described in this section, "accident" means an occurrence that is unexpected and unintended from the standpoint of the covered person.

(13) The coverage under this section may be excluded as provided for under *RCW 48.177.010(6).

(14) "Underinsured coverage," for the purposes of this section, means coverage for "underinsured motor vehicles," as defined in subsection (1) of this section.

[ 2015 c 236 s 7; 2009 c 549 s 7106; 2007 c 80 s 14. Prior: 2006 c 187 s 1; 2006 c 110 s 1; 2006 c 25 s 17; 2004 c 90 s 1; 1985 c 328 s 1; 1983 c 182 s 1; 1981 c 150 s 1; 1980 c 117 s 1; 1967 c 150 s 27.]

Notes:

*Reviser's note: RCW 48.177.010 was recodified as RCW 46.72B.180 pursuant to 2022 c 281 s 35.

Severability—1983 c 182: "If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected." [ 1983 c 182 s 3.]

Effective date—1981 c 150: "This act shall take effect on September 1, 1981." [ 1981 c 150 s 3.]

Effective date—1980 c 117: "This act shall take effect on September 1, 1980." [ 1980 c 117 s 8.]

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 289 cases (18 in the last 5 years), 1970–2026 · leading case: Vadheim v. Cont'l Ins., 734 P.2d 17 (Wash. 1987).

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Vadheim v. Cont'l Ins., 734 P.2d 17 (Wash. 1987). · cites it 38× “Alternatively, Vadheim claimed that because of a clause in the policy that requires the policy to conform to state statutes, the policy should be conformed in accordance with amended RCW 48.22.030 to provide uninsured and underinsured coverage of $300,000 per vehicle, which in…”

Blackburn v. Safeco Ins. Co., 794 P.2d 1259 (Wash. 1990). · cites it 31× “The precursor of our present UIM statute, RCW 48.22.030, was the uninsured motorist statute effective January 1, 1968.”

Clements v. Travelers Indem. Co., 850 P.2d 1298 (Wash. 1993). · cites it 16× “24 Petitioner Clements argues that RCW 48.22.030 (the UIM statute) mandates UIM coverage.”

Strunk v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 580 P.2d 622 (Wash. 1978). · cites it 22× “It is stipulated that the deceased wife and surviving injured children were "insureds" within the defendant insurance company's automobile insurance policy which included uninsured motorist coverage as required, absent waiver, by RCW 48.22.030. Faced with no recovery under the…”

Quinn Kyrkos v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 852 P.2d 1078 (Wash. 1993). · cites it 22× “The exclusion was permitted because "nothing in the UM/UIM statute, RCW 48.22.030, indicates a public policy contrary to this territorial limitation.”

Allstate Ins. v. Dejbod, 818 P.2d 608 (Wash. Ct. App. 1991). · cites it 21× “This peculiar inversion is a result of the interplay between RCW 48.22.030, the UIM statute, and RCW 4.”

Britton v. Safeco Ins. Co. of Am., 707 P.2d 125 (Wash. 1985). · cites it 12× “361 (RCW 48.22.030). Under this 1980 enactment, both uninsured and underin-sured motorist coverages Eire together termed "underin-sured" motorist coverage and come within the same statute, *525 RCW 48.”

Touchette v. Nw. Mut. Ins., 494 P.2d 479 (Wash. 1972). · cites it 20× “030 must be given controlling effect. Claude and Alice Touchette lived in King County; their regularly employed 22-year-old son, William C.”

Johnson v. Farmers Ins. Co., 817 P.2d 841 (Wash. 1991). · cites it 22× “RCW 48.22.030, first enacted in 1967 and amended in 1980, 1981, 1983, and 1985, requires insurance companies to make UIM coverage available in all Washington automobile insurance policies.”

Federated Am. Ins. v. Raynes, 563 P.2d 815 (Wash. 1977). · cites it 13× “There are two issues for our resolution: (1) Is exclusion *441 (b) 1 in FAI's uninsured motorist coverage invalid under Washington's uninsured motorist statute, RCW 48.22.030? 2 (2) If exclusion (b) is invalid, does FAI's policy afford respondent $15,000 or $30,000 in coverage,…”

Millers Cas. Ins. Co. of Texas v. Briggs, 665 P.2d 891 (Wash. 1983). · cites it 10× “The trial court held that the exclusion was against public policy and violated the underinsured motorist statute, RCW 48.22.030, and ordered Millers to pay the full limits of both the liability and underinsured motorist coverages.”

MacKenzie v. Empire Ins. Companies, 782 P.2d 1063 (Wash. 1989). · cites it 16× “hether a special multi-peril insurance policy, covering various business perils, and including an endorsement for comprehensive automobile liability insurance (which is asserted to provide coverage only in excess of primary automobile insurance policies covering the automobile…”

Show all 289 citing cases →

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(1) — 55 cases

Allstate Ins. v. Dejbod, 818 P.2d 608 (Wash. Ct. App. 1991). “This peculiar inversion is a result of the interplay between RCW 48.22.030, the UIM statute, and RCW 4.”

Blackburn v. Safeco Ins. Co., 794 P.2d 1259 (Wash. 1990). “The precursor of our present UIM statute, RCW 48.22.030, was the uninsured motorist statute effective January 1, 1968.”

Quinn Kyrkos v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 852 P.2d 1078 (Wash. 1993). “The exclusion was permitted because "nothing in the UM/UIM statute, RCW 48.22.030, indicates a public policy contrary to this territorial limitation.”

Sperry v. Maki, 740 P.2d 342 (Wash. Ct. App. 1987).

Allstate Ins. v. Batacan, 139 Wash. 2d 443 (Wash. 1999).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(12) — 3 cases

Kroeber v. GEICO Ins. Co., 366 P.3d 1237 (Wash. 2016).

Kroeber v. Geico Ins. Co. (Wash. 2016).

Carlos Pacheco v. Oregon Mut. Ins., 447 P.3d 207 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(13) — 1 case

Carlos Pacheco v. Oregon Mut. Ins., 447 P.3d 207 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(2) — 95 cases

Blackburn v. Safeco Ins. Co., 794 P.2d 1259 (Wash. 1990). “The precursor of our present UIM statute, RCW 48.22.030, was the uninsured motorist statute effective January 1, 1968.”

Mid-Century Ins. v. Henault, 905 P.2d 379 (Wash. 1995).

Clements v. Travelers Indem. Co., 850 P.2d 1298 (Wash. 1993). “24 Petitioner Clements argues that RCW 48.22.030 (the UIM statute) mandates UIM coverage.”

Hodge v. Raab, 151 Wash. 2d 351 (Wash. 2004).

MacKenzie v. Empire Ins. Companies, 782 P.2d 1063 (Wash. 1989). “hether a special multi-peril insurance policy, covering various business perils, and including an endorsement for comprehensive automobile liability insurance (which is asserted to provide coverage only in excess of primary automobile insurance policies covering the automobile…”

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(2)(8) — 1 case

Fortin v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 914 P.2d 1209 (Wash. Ct. App. 1996).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(3) — 24 cases

Kenworthy v. Pennsylvania Gen. Ins., 779 P.2d 257 (Wash. 1989).

Vadheim v. Cont'l Ins., 734 P.2d 17 (Wash. 1987). “Alternatively, Vadheim claimed that because of a clause in the policy that requires the policy to conform to state statutes, the policy should be conformed in accordance with amended RCW 48.22.030 to provide uninsured and underinsured coverage of $300,000 per vehicle, which in…”

Miller v. Kenny, 325 P.3d 278 (Wash. Ct. App. 2014).

Torgerson v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 957 P.2d 1283 (Wash. Ct. App. 1998).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(4) — 32 cases

Clements v. Travelers Indem. Co., 850 P.2d 1298 (Wash. 1993). “24 Petitioner Clements argues that RCW 48.22.030 (the UIM statute) mandates UIM coverage.”

Miller v. Kenny, 325 P.3d 278 (Wash. Ct. App. 2014).

Cochran v. Great West Cas. Co., 67 P.3d 1123 (Wash. Ct. App. 2003).

Am. Com. Ins. v. Ensley, 220 P.3d 215 (Wash. Ct. App. 2009).

Diaz v. Nat'l Car Rental Sys., Inc., 17 P.3d 603 (Wash. 2001).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(5) — 19 cases

Greengo v. Pub. Employees Mut. Ins. Co., 959 P.2d 657 (Wash. 1998).

Greengo v. Pub. Employees Mut. Ins., 135 Wash. 2d 799 (Wash. 1998).

Safeco Corp. v. Kuhlman, 737 P.2d 274 (Wash. Ct. App. 1987).

Mut. of Enumclaw Ins. v. Grimstad-Hardy, 857 P.2d 1064 (Wash. Ct. App. 1993).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(6) — 20 cases

Greengo v. Pub. Employees Mut. Ins. Co., 959 P.2d 657 (Wash. 1998).

Greengo v. Pub. Employees Mut. Ins., 135 Wash. 2d 799 (Wash. 1998).

Britton v. Safeco Ins. Co. of Am., 707 P.2d 125 (Wash. 1985). “361 (RCW 48.22.030). Under this 1980 enactment, both uninsured and underin-sured motorist coverages Eire together termed "underin-sured" motorist coverage and come within the same statute, *525 RCW 48.”

Anderson v. Am. Econ. Ins., 719 P.2d 1345 (Wash. Ct. App. 1986).

Nat'l Merit Ins. v. Yost, 3 P.3d 203 (Wash. Ct. App. 2000).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(8) — 13 cases

Nationwide Ins. v. Williams, 858 P.2d 516 (Wash. Ct. App. 1993).

Liljestrand v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins., 734 P.2d 945 (Wash. Ct. App. 1987).

Powell v. Viking Ins., 722 P.2d 1343 (Wash. Ct. App. 1986).

Burmeister v. State Farm Ins., 966 P.2d 921 (Wash. Ct. App. 1998).

Gerken v. Mut. of Enumclaw Ins., 872 P.2d 1108 (Wash. Ct. App. 1994).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(8)(a) — 6 cases

Gerken v. Mut. of Enumclaw Ins., 872 P.2d 1108 (Wash. Ct. App. 1994).

Powell v. Viking Ins., 722 P.2d 1343 (Wash. Ct. App. 1986).

FARMERS INS. CO. OF WA. v. Frederickson, 914 P.2d 138 (Wash. Ct. App. 1996).

Gobin v. Allstate Ins., 773 P.2d 131 (Wash. Ct. App. 1989).

Lucia Mumm, et ux v. State Farm Mut. Auto Ins. (Wash. Ct. App. 2015).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(9) — 2 cases

Com. W. Ins. Co. v. Lucke, 342 F. Supp. 3d 1098 (W.D. Wash. 2018).

Carlos Pacheco v. Oregon Mut. Ins., 447 P.3d 207 (Wash. Ct. App. 2019).

— Wash. Rev. Code § 48.22.030(UIM) — 2 cases

Sherry v. Fin. Indem. Co., 160 P.3d 31 (Wash. 2007).

Hamm v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 88 P.3d 395 (Wash. 2004).

Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.