Code of Alabama

Ala. Code § 1-1-1 (2026)

Meaning of Certain Words and Terms.

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The following words, whenever they appear in this code, have the following meanings unless otherwise apparent from the context or otherwise explicitly defined:

(1) BOY. A human male who has not yet reached adulthood.

(2) FATHER. The male parent of a child or children.

(3) FEMALE. When used in reference to a natural person, an individual who has, had, will have, or would have, but for a developmental anomaly, genetic anomaly, or accident, the reproductive system that at some point produces ova.

(4) GIRL. A human female who has not yet reached adulthood.

(5) JURY or JURIES. Includes courts or judges in all cases when a jury trial is waived, or when the court or judge is authorized to ascertain and determine the facts as well as the law.

(6) MALE. When used in reference to a natural person, an individual who has, had, will have, or would have, but for a developmental anomaly, genetic anomaly, or accident, the reproductive system that at some point produces sperm.

(7) MAN. An adult human of the male sex.

(8) MONTH. A calendar month.

(9) MOTHER. The female parent of a child or children.

(10) PERSON. Includes an individual, corporation, partnership, company, or other business entity.

(11) PERSONAL PROPERTY. Includes money, goods, chattels, things in action and evidence of debt, deeds, and conveyances.

(12) PROPERTY. Includes both real and personal property.

(13) REAL PROPERTY. Includes lands, tenements, and hereditaments.

(14) SEX. When the term is used to classify or describe a natural person, the state of being male or female as observed or clinically verified at birth.

(15) SIGNATURE. Includes a mark when an individual cannot write, if his or her name is written near the mark and witnessed by an individual who writes his or her own name as a witness.

(16) STATE. When applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of Columbia and the several territories of the United States.

(17) UNITED STATES. Includes the territories thereof and the District of Columbia.

(18) WOMAN. An adult human of the female sex.

(19) YEAR. A calendar year, except whenever the word “year” is used in reference to any appropriations for the payment of money out of the treasury, the term shall mean a fiscal year.

(Code 1852, §§1, 2, 4-8; Code 1867, §§1, 2, 4-8; Code 1876, §§1, 2, 4-8; Code 1886, §§1, 2, 4-8; Code 1896, §§1, 2, 4-8; Code 1907, §§1, 2, 4-8; Code 1923, §§1, 2, 4-9; Acts 1927, No. 625, p. 716; Code 1940, T. 1, §2; Acts 1951, No. 268, p. 551; Act 2025-3; §3.)

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 12 cases (5 in the last 5 years), 1982–2026 · leading case: Jefferson Cnty. v. Weissman, 69 So. 3d 827 (Ala. 2011).
Jefferson Cnty. v. Weissman, 69 So. 3d 827 (Ala. 2011). · cites it 2× “) See Ala.Code 1975, § 1-1-1(1) ("The word `person' includes a corporation as well as a natural person.”
Nat'l Sur. Corp. v. Applied Sys., Inc., 418 So. 2d 847 (Ala. 1982). “He developed the programs for Applied Systems, which facilitated the development of the programs and provided financial backing.”
Steeley v. State, 533 So. 2d 665 (Ala. Crim. App. 1988). · cites it 2× “Section 1-1-1(4), Code of Alabama 1975 states that, "[t]he words `signature' or `subscription' include a mark when the person *668 cannot write, if his name is written near the mark, and witnessed by a person who writes his own name as a witness, and include with respect to…”
Love v. Wyeth, 569 F. Supp. 2d 1228 (N.D. Ala. 2008). “” Section 1-1-1, Ala.Code 1975, defines the terms “lunatic,” “insane,” and “non compos mentis” as including “all persons of unsound mind.”
Alfa Mut. Ins. Co. v. Veal, 622 So. 2d 1292 (Ala. 1993). · cites it 2× “Ala. Code 1975, §§ 1-1-1(4) and 7-1-201(39).”
Bone v. Strickland, No. 19-40047 (Bankr. N.D. Ala. Mar. 12, 2021). · cites it 4× “” Ala. Code § 1-1-1 (8) (1975). Strickland maintains that the deed she admittedly stole from her mother’s lockbox was not in fact a “deed” because, although it was signed by Epperson as the grantor, it was not capable of conveying title because it was never properly delivered or…”
Elmore Cnty. Bd. of Educ. v. Thornton, 839 So. 2d 658 (Ala. Civ. App. 2002). “Relying on the definition of “year” under § 1-1-1(16), Ala. Code 1975 (defining the term “year,” in pertinent part, as “mean[ing] a calendar year”), we held that “the legislature intended the language ‘three years’ contained in § 36-26-101(a) to mean three calendar years.”
Sally Wood v. Health Care Auth. for Baptist Health, No. SC-2025-0132 (Ala. June 12, 2026). · cites it 2× “"), see also Ala. Code 1975, § 1-1-1(10) (stating that "person" "[i]ncludes an individual, corporation, partnership, company, or other business entity"), and the potential separation-of-powers concerns that may be implicated by an overly broad construction of a trial court's…”
Smith v. Dunn (death Penalty), No. 2:19-cv-00927 (M.D. Ala. Feb. 8, 2021). “CODE § 1-1-1(5). The Plaintiff bears the burden of establishing that he was “insane” at the relevant time.”
Bone v. Strickland, No. 19-40047 (Bankr. N.D. Ala. Jan. 14, 2021). “CODE § 1-1-1(8) (1975). Based on the foregoing, this court finds that the Conservator is entitled to judgment because the findings in the State Court Order preclusively establish each element of larceny.”
Angie Wynn Strickland, No. 19-41331 (Bankr. N.D. Ala. Jan. 14, 2021). “CODE § 1-1-1(8) (1975). Based on the foregoing, this court finds that the Conservator is entitled to judgment because the findings in the State Court Order preclusively establish each element of larceny.”
In re Long Distance Tel. Litig., 783 So. 2d 800 (Ala. 2000). “The term “person,” as defined in § 1-1-1, Ala.Code 1975, includes a corporation as well as a natural person.”
Ala. Code § 1-1-1(1): 1 case
Jefferson Cnty. v. Weissman, 69 So. 3d 827 (Ala. 2011). “) See Ala.Code 1975, § 1-1-1(1) ("The word `person' includes a corporation as well as a natural person.”
Ala. Code § 1-1-1(10): 1 case
Sally Wood v. Health Care Auth. for Baptist Health, No. SC-2025-0132 (Ala. June 12, 2026). “"), see also Ala. Code 1975, § 1-1-1(10) (stating that "person" "[i]ncludes an individual, corporation, partnership, company, or other business entity"), and the potential separation-of-powers concerns that may be implicated by an overly broad construction of a trial court's…”
Ala. Code § 1-1-1(16): 1 case
Elmore Cnty. Bd. of Educ. v. Thornton, 839 So. 2d 658 (Ala. Civ. App. 2002). “Relying on the definition of “year” under § 1-1-1(16), Ala. Code 1975 (defining the term “year,” in pertinent part, as “mean[ing] a calendar year”), we held that “the legislature intended the language ‘three years’ contained in § 36-26-101(a) to mean three calendar years.”
Ala. Code § 1-1-1(4): 2 cases
Steeley v. State, 533 So. 2d 665 (Ala. Crim. App. 1988). “Section 1-1-1(4), Code of Alabama 1975 states that, "[t]he words `signature' or `subscription' include a mark when the person *668 cannot write, if his name is written near the mark, and witnessed by a person who writes his own name as a witness, and include with respect to…”
Alfa Mut. Ins. Co. v. Veal, 622 So. 2d 1292 (Ala. 1993). “Ala. Code 1975, §§ 1-1-1(4) and 7-1-201(39).”
Ala. Code § 1-1-1(5): 1 case
Smith v. Dunn (death Penalty), No. 2:19-cv-00927 (M.D. Ala. Feb. 8, 2021). “CODE § 1-1-1(5). The Plaintiff bears the burden of establishing that he was “insane” at the relevant time.”
Ala. Code § 1-1-1(8): 3 cases
Nat'l Sur. Corp. v. Applied Sys., Inc., 418 So. 2d 847 (Ala. 1982). “He developed the programs for Applied Systems, which facilitated the development of the programs and provided financial backing.”
Bone v. Strickland, No. 19-40047 (Bankr. N.D. Ala. Jan. 14, 2021). “CODE § 1-1-1(8) (1975). Based on the foregoing, this court finds that the Conservator is entitled to judgment because the findings in the State Court Order preclusively establish each element of larceny.”
Angie Wynn Strickland, No. 19-41331 (Bankr. N.D. Ala. Jan. 14, 2021). “CODE § 1-1-1(8) (1975). Based on the foregoing, this court finds that the Conservator is entitled to judgment because the findings in the State Court Order preclusively establish each element of larceny.”
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