(a) Every licensee shall have his or her license in his or her immediate possession at all times when driving a motor vehicle and shall display the same, upon demand of a judge of any court, a peace officer, or a state trooper. However, no person charged with violating this section shall be convicted if he or she produces in court or the office of the arresting officer a driver’s license theretofore issued to him or her and valid at the time of his or her arrest.
(b) For every person found in violation of this section or Section 32-6-1, a reasonable effort shall be made as soon as possible, but not later than within 48 hours, to determine the citizenship of the person and if an alien, whether the alien is lawfully present in the United States by verification with the federal government pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1373(c). An officer shall not attempt to independently make a final determination of whether an alien is lawfully present in the United States.
(Acts 1939, No. 181, p. 300; Code 1940, T. 36, §65; Act 2011-535, p. 888, §18; Act 2012-491, p. 1410, §3.)
Notes of Decisions
Christopher Cantu v. City of Dothan, Alabama, 974 F.3d 1217 (11th Cir. 2020).
“” Ala. Code § 32-6-9 . Woodruff had probable cause to believe Lawrence had violated § 32-6-9, but it could hardly be a lower level offense — it is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of $10 to $100, which under Alabama law is enforceable by summons instead of a custodial arrest.”
United States v. State of Alabama, 691 F.3d 1269 (11th Cir. 2012).
“Section 18 amends a state provision governing drivers’ licenses, Ala.Code § 32-6-9. The preexisting statute required all drivers to possess a drivers’ license and display it upon the request of a proper state official.”
United States v. Alabama, 813 F. Supp. 2d 1282 (N.D. Ala. 2011).
· cites it 6× “56 § 18, which amends Ala.Code 32-6-9 to include a provision that if a person is arrested for driving without a license, and the officer is unable to determine that the person has a valid driver’s license, the person must be transported to the nearest magistrate; a reasonable…”
Roland Edger v. Krista McCabe, 83 F.4th 858 (11th Cir. 2023).
· cites it 2× “Edger violated the Alabama driver’s license statute, Ala. Code § 32-6-9 (a), which USCA11 Case: 21-14396 Document: 43-1 Date Filed: 09/26/2023 Page: 16 of 18 16 Opinion of the Court 21-14396 requires those “driving” to “display the [license], upon demand of a .”
United States v. State of Alabama, 443 F. App'x 411 (11th Cir. 2011).
“Section 18 amends Ala.Code 32-6-9 to include a provision that if a person is arrested for driving without a license, and the officer is unable to determine by any other means that the person has a valid driver’s license, the officer shall transport the arrested person to the…”
United States v. State, 813 F. Supp. 2d 1282 (N.D. Ala. 2011).
· cites it 8× “56 § 18, which amends Ala.Code 32-6-9 to include a provision that if a person is arrested for driving without a license, and the officer is unable to determine that the person has a valid driver's license, the person must be transported to the nearest magistrate; a reasonable…”
Roland Edger v. Krista McCabe (11th Cir. 2023).
· cites it 2× “Edger violated the Alabama driver’s license statute, Ala. Code § 32-6-9 (a), which requires those “driving” to “display the [license], upon demand of a .”
Jennings v. Smith (N.D. Ala. 2025).
· cites it 2× “Therefore, the officers lacked probable cause to arrest Edger for a violation of Alabama Code §§ 32-6-9 and 13A-10-2(A). Nevertheless, the district court determined that the officers were entitled to qualified immunity because there was arguable probable cause to make the arrest…”
Barber v. State of Alabama (N.D. Ala. 2021).
“CODE § 32-6-9(a).4 Mr. Barber has not alleged that he is exempt from the statutory 4 Additionally, under Alabama law, drivers must maintain insurance on vehicles that they operate within the state.”
— Ala. Code § 32-6-9(a) — 1 case
Barber v. State of Alabama (N.D. Ala. 2021).
“CODE § 32-6-9(a).4 Mr. Barber has not alleged that he is exempt from the statutory 4 Additionally, under Alabama law, drivers must maintain insurance on vehicles that they operate within the state.”
— Ala. Code § 32-6-9(c) — 1 case
United States v. State, 813 F. Supp. 2d 1282 (N.D. Ala. 2011).
“56 § 18, which amends Ala.Code 32-6-9 to include a provision that if a person is arrested for driving without a license, and the officer is unable to determine that the person has a valid driver's license, the person must be transported to the nearest magistrate; a reasonable…”
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