green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 3×
8.1 score
“of course, the lack of a confidential source may be an important element in balancing the defendant's need for the material sought against the interest of the journalist in preventing production in a particular case.”
Treatment trajectory · 1981 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1981
2003
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 32 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
United States v. Sanusi
jjournalists possess a qualified privilege not to divulge confidential sources and not 154 to disclose unpublished information in their possession in criminal cases.
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
National Labor Relations Board v. Mortensen
of course, the lack of a confidential source may be an important element in balancing the defendant's need for the material sought against the interest of the journalist in preventing production in a particular case.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
United States v. James David Freeman
United States v. Gipson, 693 F.2d 109, 111 (10th Cir.1982), cert. denied 459 U.S. 1216 , 103 S.Ct. 1218 , 75 L.Ed.2d 455 (1983), citing United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658, 661 (10th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S. Ct. ,945, 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); United States v. Weninger, 624 F.2d 163 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1012 , 101 S.Ct. 568 , 66 L.Ed.2d 470 (1980); United States v. Davis, 604 F.2d 474 (7th Cir.1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Reyes
See United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 144-45 (3d Cir.1980) (finding that the district court had acted within its discretion “in requiring pretrial production to the court to expedite its trial decisions”), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Fields, 663 F.2d at 881 (suggesting that a sufficient showing of relevancy and specificity would “warrant in camera production to the district court for possible release after the evidentiary requirement had been met,” but declining to decide whether the defendant had made such a showing); see also Reed, 7…
cited
Cited "see"
State v. Bryant
See United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658, 662-63 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Caruso
See United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 144 (3d Cir.1980) (“[R]ule 17(c) is designed as an aid for obtaining relevant evidentiary material that the moving party may use at trial.”) (citing United States v. Malizia, 154 F.Supp. 511, 513 (S.D.N.Y.1957)), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
cited
Cited "see"
Food Lion, Inc. v. Capital Cities/ABC, Inc.
See, United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139 (3rd Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Dennis Lee Hardwell, United States of America v. Marcel A. Hardwell, United States of America v. Dennis L. Hardwell, United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellee/cross-Appellant v. Frederick D. Bowens, Defendant-Appellant/cross-Appellee. United States of America v. Adam Stallings, AKA Gene Walker, United States of America v. Dennis L. Hardwell Marcel A. Hardwell, Frederick D. Bowens Adam Stallings, AKA Gene Walker
See Gravatt, 868 F.2d at 590 . 38 In United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658, 661-62 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981), this circuit rejected the pretrial protection approach without resolving whether use of a defendant's financial affidavit and other statements made to obtain appointed counsel violates the Fifth Amendment.
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Diane Turner (90-1546), Edwin Leon Turner (90-1547)
See United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658, 662 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Don King Productions, Inc. v. Douglas
See United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981) (verbatim statements of witnesses contained in videotape "[b]y their very nature ... are not obtainable from any other source.
discussed
Cited "see"
Agosto-de-Feliciano v. Aponte-Roque
See Mazus v. Dep't of Trans., 629 F.2d 870, 873 (3d Cir.1980), ce rt. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Rosenthal v. Rizzo, 555 F.2d 390, 392 (3d Cir.1977), ce rt. denied, 434 U.S. 892 , 98 S.Ct. 268 , 54 L.Ed.2d 178 (1977); Indiana State Employees Ass’n v. Indiana Republican State Cent.
discussed
Cited "see"
Maria M. Agosto-De-Feliciano v. Awilda Aponte-Roque, Etc., Maria Teresa Torres-Hernandez v. Pedro A. Padilla, Etc., Maria Teresa Torres-Hernandez v. Pedro A. Padilla, Etc.
See Mazus v. Dep't of Trans., 629 F.2d 870, 873 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Rosenthal v. Rizzo, 555 F.2d 390, 392 (3d Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 892 , 98 S.Ct. 268 , 54 L.Ed.2d 178 (1977); Indiana State Employees Ass'n v. Indiana Republican State Cent.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Gary Stephen Domina
(2×)
See United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 148 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Martin Eisenberg and Arthur Nissen, on Behalf of Themselves and All Others Similarly Situated v. Frederick M. Gagnon, Bernard A. Boyers, David E. Wasserstrom, Charles Lieberman, Edward Hershenhorn, David Weinstein, John W. Pelino, Morris L. Chucas, Tom P. Monteverde, Wasserstrom & Chucas, and Pelino, Wasserstrom, Chucas & Monteverde, P.C. v. Gelrod, Fox and Co., Clarence Rainess & Co., Seidman and Seidman, Gruntal and Co., Marvin Welsch and Jack Panich. Appeal of Martin Eisenberg and Arthur Nissen, in Nos. 84-1214 & 84-1225. Appeal of David E. Wasserstrom, in No. 84-1261
See Mazus v. Department of Transportation, 629 F.2d 870 , 875-76 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Alexander v. Gino's, Inc., 621 F.2d 71 , 73-74 (3d Cir.) (per curiam), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 953 , 101 S.Ct. 358 , 66 L.Ed.2d 217 (1980). 80 Similarly, we can perceive no bar to the present appeal because the named plaintiffs have won relief on the merits.
discussed
Cited "see"
Eisenberg v. Gagnon
See Mazus v. Department of Transportation, 629 F.2d 870 , 875-76 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Alexander v. Gino’s, Inc., 621 F.2d 71 , 73-74 (3d Cir.) (per curiam), ce rt. denied, 449 U.S. 953 , 101 S.Ct. 358 , 66 L.Ed.2d 217 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
People v. Johnson
See United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Harris v. Ballone
See Mazus v. Department of Transportation, 629 F.2d 870 (3 Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Alexander v. Gino's, Inc., 621 F.2d 71 (3 Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 953 , 101 S.Ct. 358 , 66 L.Ed.2d 217 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Harris v. Ballone
See Mazus v. Department of Transportation, 629 F.2d 870 (3 Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Alexander v. Gino's, Inc., 621 F.2d 71 (3 Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 953 , 101 S.Ct. 358 , 66 L.Ed.2d 217 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Tavoulareas v. Piro
See United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 148 (3d Cir. 1980) (adopting a balancing test that weighs the litigant’s need for information against the interests underlying a qualified, journalistic privilege), cert, denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Fields
See United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 144-45 (3d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981). 4 In light of our conclusion that issuance of the subpoena was unjustified under Fed.R.Cr.P. 17(c), we similarly need not address at this time the district court's rejection of Wells Fargo's claim that the documents sought were protected by the attorney-client privilege.
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Fields
See United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 144-45 (3d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Gomes v. Avco Corp.
See, e.g., Mazus v. Department of Transp., 629 F.2d 870 , 875 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Cinel v. Connick
See, e.g., United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 147 (3 Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981) (Cuthbertson I); Application of Behar, 779 F.Supp. 273, 275 (S.D.N.Y.1991); Loadholtz v. Fields, 389 F.Supp. 1299, 1303 (M.D.Fla.1975).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Lipinski v. Skinner
United States v. Burke, 700 F.2d 70, 77 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 816 , 104 S.Ct. 72 , 78 L.Ed.2d 85 (1983); see also United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 147 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981) (courts must balance defendant’s need for desired information against journalist’s interest in preventing production in a specific case); cf. United States v. Hubbard, 493 F.Supp. 202, 205 (D.D.C.1979) (deciding that an asserted claim to privilege should be judged by balancing freedom of the press against “the obligation of all citizen…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Campbell v. Klevenhagen
See, e.g., United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 147 (3rd Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); United States v. Cuthbertson, 651 F.2d 189, 191, 195-196 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1056 , 102 S.Ct. 604 , 70 L.Ed.2d 594 (1981); see also United States v. Caporale, 806 F.2d 1487, 1504 (11th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 483 U.S. 1021 , 107 S.Ct. 3265 , 97 L.Ed.2d 763 (1987) (applying the Fifth Circuit’s tripartite test for overcoming the assertion of the privilege); United States v. Burke, 700 F.2d 70, 77 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 816 , …
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Dillon v. City and County of San Francisco
See, e.g., United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 147 (3rd Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Comm’n, 89 F.R.D. 489 (D.C.Cal.1981); United States v. Markiewicz, 732 F.Supp. 316, 319 (N.D.N.Y.1990).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
In Re Letellier
See, e.g., United States v. Cuthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 148 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); Miller v. Transamerican Press, Inc., 621 F.2d 721, 726 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 1041 , 101 S.Ct. 1759 , 68 L.Ed.2d 238 (1981). 8 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Lowell G. Anderson, United States of America v. Lowell G. Anderson Carolyn A. Anderson Arthur P. Tranakos William Pilgrim Donald Barenson Ronald Max Ellsworth, A/K/A Max Ellsworth First Colonial Trust Donald Perry
The propriety of using informal immunity has been frequently upheld. 3 United States v. Winter, 663 F.2d 1120, 1133 (1st Cir.1981), cert. denied, 460 U.S. 1011 , 103 S.Ct. 1249 , 75 L.Ed.2d 479 (1983); United States v. Librach, 536 F.2d 1228, 1230 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 939 , 97 S.Ct. 354 , 50 L.Ed.2d 308 (1976); see also United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658, 662-63 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Anderson
The propriety of using informal immunity has been frequently upheld. 3 United States v. Winter, 663 F.2d 1120, 1133 (1st Cir.1981), cert. denied, 460 U.S. 1011 , 103 S.Ct. 1249 , 75 L.Ed.2d 479 (1983); United States v. Librach, 536 F.2d 1228, 1230 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 939 , 97 S.Ct. 354 , 50 L.Ed.2d 308 (1976); see also United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658, 662-63 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. John L. Harris
See, e.g., United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658, 662 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); United States v. Anderson, 567 F.2d 839, 840 (8th Cir.1977); United States v. Ellsworth, 547 F.2d 1096, 1098 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 931 , 97 S.Ct. 2636 , 53 L.Ed.2d 247 (1977); United States v. Kaufman, 452 F.2d 1202 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 405 U.S. 989 , 92 S.Ct. 1252 , 31 L.Ed.2d 455 (1972).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. James Burke, Anthony Perla, Rocco Perla, and Richard Kuhn
See, e.g., United States v. Guthbertson, 630 F.2d 139, 146-47 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 , 101 S.Ct. 945 , 67 L.Ed.2d 113 (1981); United States v. Hubbard, 493 F.Supp. 202, 205 (D.D.C.1979); see also Baker v. F & F Investment, 470 F.2d at 784-85 (this Court observed that the Supreme Court’s decision in Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665 , 92 S.Ct. 2646 , 33 L.Ed.2d 626 (1972), recognized the need to balance First Amendment values even where a reporter is asked to testify before a grand jury).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Flemister
v.
Johnson
v.
Johnson
No. 80-5490.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jan 26, 1981.
Published
C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.