green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 4×
11.3 score
G Cite
cited 3× by 1 distinct case ·
“The threshold question in any action brought pursuant to the Securities Acts is whether a security exists”
cited 3× by 1 distinct case ·
“The threshold question in any action brought pursuant to the Securities Acts is whether a security exists.”
Treatment trajectory · 1982 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1982
2004
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 36 distinct citers.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
State v. McCormack/Senter
the state bears the burden of persuasion to show by clear and convincing evidence that the need for regulation exists.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
De Wit v. Firstar Corp.
the threshold question in any action brought pursuant to the securities acts is whether a security exists.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
David Stone and Colleen Stone v. John Wilson Kirk and J.W.K. Land and Cattle Company, Inc.
the threshold question in any action brought pursuant to the securities acts is whether a security exists
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians v. Wisconsin
the state bears the burden of persuasion to show ... that it is highly probable that irreparable harm will occur
cited
Cited "see"
Wuliger v. Eberle
See Union Planters National Bank of Memphis v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc., 651 F.2d 1174 (6th Cir.) cert, denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981).
cited
Cited "see"
Wuliger v. Christie
See Union Planters National Bank of Memphis v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc., 651 F.2d 1174 (6th Cir.) cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin v. Thompson
See United States v. Michigan, 471 F.Supp. 192, 240 (W.D.Mich.1979) (obligatory removal treaties use language obligating tribes to remove and set deadline for removal), aff'd in part, 653 F.2d 277 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 971 , 71 L.Ed.2d 110 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Grand Traverse Band v. Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources
(2×)
See United States v. Michigan, 471 F.Supp. 192 (W.D.Mich.1979), mod. in part, 653 F.2d 277 (6th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 971 , 71 L.Ed.2d 110 (1981).
cited
Cited "see"
David Stock v. Universal Foods Corporation Dennis W. Cassidy Kenneth Randall Ronald C. Miller
See Valentine v. Smith, 654 F.2d 503, 510 (8th Cir.) (holding AAP bona fide if it is substantially related to its remedial purpose), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Commonwealth v. Oakes
(2×)
See Union Planters Nat’l Bank v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc., 651 F.2d 1174, 1187 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 (1981); Johnston v. Holiday Inns, Inc., 595 F.2d 890, 894 (1st Cir. 1979); McMillan v. Marine Sulphur Shipping Corp., 607 F.2d 1034 , 1038 n.8 (2d Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 905 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Developer's Mortgage Co. v. TransOhio Savings Bank
See Union Planters Nat’l Bank v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc., 651 F.2d 1174, 1182 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981). 24 The Court will consider each factor in turn and apply them to the three alleged securities in this case: the Sale and Trust Agree *579 ment, the Participation Certificate, and the participating ownership interest. a.
discussed
Cited "see"
Molton v. City of Cleveland
See Jenkins v. Krieger, 67 Ohio St.2d 314 , 423 N.E.2d 856 (1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 973 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981), and Clemets v. Heston, 20 Ohio App.3d 132 , 485 N.E.2d 287 (1985), as codified at Ohio Rev.Code Ann.
discussed
Cited "see"
Finkelstein v. Barthelemy
See Forman v. City of New Orleans, Civ. 80-1654 (E.D.La. bench opinion Dec. 3, 1980), aff'd per curiam without opinion, 651 F.2d 775 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 110 (1981). 77 . 730 F.2d 1009 (5th Cir.1984) (en banc). 78 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Molton v. City of Cleveland
See Jenkins v. Krieger, 67 Ohio St.2d 314 , 423 N.E.2d 856 (1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 973 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981), and Clemets v. Heston, 20 Ohio App.3d 132 , 485 N.E.2d 287 (1985), as codified at Ohio Rev.Code Ann. § 341.01 (1986 Supp.).
discussed
Cited "see"
Fed. Sec. L. Rep. P 93,309 Karen A. McVay v. Western Plains Service Corporation
See generally the discussion in Union Planters Nat'l Bank v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc., 651 F.2d 1174, 1181-85 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); Kansas State Bank v. Citizens Bank, 737 F.2d 1490, 1494-95 (8th Cir.1984); FBS Financial v. Cleve-Trust Realty Investors, [1978 Transfer Binder] Fed.Sec.L.Rep.
discussed
Cited "see"
Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians v. State of Wisconsin
See United States v. Michigan, 471 F.Supp. 192 , 260 (W.D.Mich.1979), remanded on other grounds 623 F.2d 448 (6th Cir.1980), cert, denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 971 , 71 L.Ed.2d 110 (1981); United States v. Washington, 384 F.Supp. 312, 402 (W.D.Wash. 1974) (Boldt I), affd, 520 F.2d 676 (9th Cir.1975), cert, denied, 423 U.S. 1086 , 96 S.Ct. 877 , 47 L.Ed.2d 97 (1976).
discussed
Cited "see"
Brooks v. Nance
See Cities Service Gas Co. v. Oklahoma Tax Commission, 656 F.2d 584, 587-88 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); see also Bunte Candies, Inc. v. Cartwright, 508 F.Supp. 229, 236 (W.D.Okla.1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Brooks v. Nance
See Cities Service Gas Co. v. Oklahoma Tax Commission, 656 F.2d 584, 587-88 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); see also Bunte Candies, Inc. v. Cartwright, 508 F.Supp. 229, 236 (W.D.Okla.1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Elmer Britton v. South Bend Community School Corporation
(2×)
Indeed, this court has recently stated: After reviewing the eleven separate opinions filed in these two plurality decisions, this court agrees with the Sixth Circuit that “the only clear consensus to be garnered from these various statements is that in any affirmative action program (1) some governmental interest must be served, and (2) the program must somehow be directed toward the achievement of that objective.” Janowiak, 750 F.2d at 563 (quoting Bratton v. City of Detroit, 704 F.2d 878, 885 (6th Cir.), modified in other respects, 712 F.2d 222 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1040…
discussed
Cited "see"
The Kansas State Bank In Holton v. Citizens Bank Of Windsor
See Pollock, Notes Issued in Syndicated Loans--A New Test to Define Securities, 32 Bus.Law. 537, 538-39 (1976-1977) 6 See Union Planters National Bank of Memphis v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc., 651 F.2d 1174 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); American Fletcher Mortgage Co. v. U.S. Steel Credit Corp., 635 F.2d 1247 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 911 , 101 S.Ct. 1982 , 68 L.Ed.2d 300 (1981); United American Bank of Nashville v. Gunter, 620 F.2d 1108 (5th Cir.1980); Robbins v. First American Bank of Virginia, 514 F.Supp. 1183 (N.D.I…
discussed
Cited "see"
Kansas State Bank v. Citizens Bank
See Union Planters National Bank of Memphis v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc., 651 F.2d 1174 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); American Fletcher Mortgage Co. v. U.S. Steel Credit Corp., 635 F.2d 1247 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 911 , 101 S.Ct. 1982 , 68 L.Ed.2d 300 (1981); United American Bank of Nashville v. Gunter, 620 F.2d 1108 (5th Cir.1980); Robbins v. First American Bank of Virginia, 514 F.Supp. 1183 (N.D.Ill.1981); Manchester Bank v. Connecticut Bank and Trust Co., 497 F.Supp. 1304 (D.N.H. 1980); Provident National Bank v…
discussed
Cited "see"
Disner v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation
See United States v. State of Michigan, 653 F.2d 277, 279 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 971 , 71 L.Ed.2d 110 (1981). 15 The district court gave an incorrect instruction regarding the quantum of proof required to establish fraud by instructing the jury that fraud may be established by a preponderance of the evidence.
discussed
Cited "see"
ca8 1984
This must follow because a race-conscious choice by reason of a remedial affirmative action plan is legitimate under title VII or section 1981. 3 11 The determination whether appellant in the instant case established a prima facie case, then, hinges on the existence of a bona fide affirmative action plan. 12 To establish the bona fide nature of an affirmative action plan an employer must show that "its affirmative action program was a response to a conspicuous racial imbalance in its work force and is remedial." Setser v. Novack Investment Co., 657 F.2d at 968 ; see Valentine v. Smith, 654 F.2…
discussed
Cited "see"
Warsocki v. City of Omaha
To establish the bona fide nature of an affirmative action plan an employer must show that “its affirmative action program was a response to a conspicuous racial imbalance in its work force and is remedial.” Setser v. Novack Investment Co., 657 F.2d at 968 ; see Valentine v. Smith, 654 F.2d 503, 508 (8th Cir.), cert, denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981).
cited
Cited "see"
Disner v. Westinghouse Electric Corp.
See United States v. State of Michigan, 653 F.2d 277, 279 (6th Cir.), cert, denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 971 , 71 L.Ed.2d 110 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
NRT Metals, Inc. v. Manhattan Metals (Non-Ferrous) Ltd.
See Union Planters Nat’l Bank v. Commercial Credit, 651 F.2d 1174, 1188 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981) (pre-trial orders are designed to expedite litigation and eliminate surprise by framing issues remaining for trial).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Northwest Airlines, Inc. Federal Express Corporation American Airlines, Inc. And Delta Airlines, Inc. v. Tennessee State Board of Equalization
Rosewell, 450 U.S. at 512, 514 , 101 S.Ct. at 1228, 1230 ; Huber, 585 F.2d at 821 ; see also Cities Service Gas Co. v. Oklahoma Tax Commission, 656 F.2d 584, 586 (10th Cir.) (likelihood of plaintiffs success in state court not a factor in evaluating application of § 1341 jurisdictional bar), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
In Re National Mortgage Equity Corp. Mortgage Pool Certificates Securities Litigation
See also, Union Planters Nat’l Bank v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc., 651 F.2d 1174, 1185 (6th Cir.) (responsibility of lead lender in loan participation to service and administer loans not managerial or entrepreneurial), cer t. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); In re EPIC Mortg.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Mattz v. Superior Court
(2×)
See Puyallup Tribe v. Department of Game ( Puyallup III ), 433 U.S. 165, 175-76 , 97 S.Ct. 2616, 2622-23 , 53 L.Ed.2d 667 (1977); see also United States v. Michigan, 653 F.2d 277, 279 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 971 , 71 L.Ed.2d 110 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
First State Bank v. American National Bank
See also United Planners National Bank of Memphis v. Commercial Credit Business Loans, Inc.,_ 651 F.2d 1174, 1185 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981) (interest earned on certificates of participation do not constitute a reasonable expectation of profit as used in the HoweyForeman securities context); American Fletcher Mortgage Company, 635 F.2d at 1254 (“fact that ... the loan bore interest does not make it a security.”).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
McCoy v. Engle
Fondern v. Dept. of Rehabilitation & Correction (1977), 51 Ohio App. 2d 180, 183 , 5 O.O. 3d 325, 327, 367 N.E. 2d 901, 903 ; see, also, Jenkins v. Krieger (1981), 67 Ohio St. 2d 314, 319 , 21 O.O. 3d 198, 201, 423 N.E. 2d 856 , 860 certiorari denied (1981), 454 U.S. 1124 ; Clemets v. Heston (1985), 20 Ohio App. 3d 132 , 20 OBR 166, 485 N.E. 2d 287 ; Justice v. Rose (1957), 102 Ohio App. 482 , 3 Ohio Law Abs. 39 , 144 N.E. 2d 303 ; McAfee v. Overberg (1977), 51 Ohio Misc. 86 , 5 O.O. 3d 345, 367 N.E. 2d 942 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
ca6 1987
Sec. 2000d-3; Moxley v. Vernot, 555 F.Supp. 554, 557-58 (S.D.Ohio 1982); see also Valentine v. Smith, 654 F.2d 503, 511-12 (8th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); Trageser v. Libbie Rehabilitation Center, Inc., 590 F.2d 87 (4th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 442 U.S. 947 , 99 S.Ct. 2895 , 61 L.Ed.2d 318 (1979). 15 On the strength of the uncontradicted affidavit of the Center's newest executive director, Althea Baldwin, which stated that the Center does not have a primary purpose of providing employment, plaintiff's counsel conceded that "defendants' motio…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Wrenn v. Gould
One of the original claims in the complaint was under Title VI, which prohibits discrimination by a recipient of federal grants where a primary objective of the federal financial assistance is to provide employment. 42 U.S.C. § 2000d-3; Moxley v. Vernot, 555 F.Supp. 554, 557-58 (S.D.Ohio 1982); see also Valentine v. Smith, 654 F.2d 503, 511-12 (8th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); Trageser v. Libbie Rehabilitation Center, Inc., 590 F.2d 87 (4th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 442 U.S. 947 , 99 S.Ct. 2895 , 61 L.Ed.2d 318 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Wilson
(2×)
See also United States v. Michigan, 623 F.2d 448, 450 (6th Cir.1980) (upholding Interior regulations issued pursuant to 25 U.S.C. §§ 2 , 9, governing treaty fishing rights in the Great Lakes), remand order continued as modified, 653 F.2d 277 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 971 , 71 L.Ed.2d 110 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Kirkland v. New York State Department of Correctional Services
When the settlement contains race-conscious relief affecting third parties, some well substantiated claim of racial discrimination against the plaintiff class is necessary “to ensure that new forms of invidious discrimination are not approved in the guise of [race-conscious remedies].” Setser v. Novack Investment Co., supra, 657 F.2d at 968 ; see also Valentine v. Smith, 654 F.2d 503, 508 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); Vulcan Society of New York City Fire Department, Inc. v. City of New York, supra, 96 F.R.D. at 629 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
ca2 1983
When the settlement contains race-conscious relief affecting third parties, some well substantiated claim of racial discrimination against the plaintiff class is necessary "to ensure that new forms of invidious discrimination are not approved in the guise of [race-conscious remedies]." Setser v. Novack Investment Co., supra, 657 F.2d at 968 ; see also Valentine v. Smith, 654 F.2d 503, 508 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1124 , 102 S.Ct. 972 , 71 L.Ed.2d 111 (1981); Vulcan Society of New York City Fire Department, Inc. v. City of New York, supra, 96 F.R.D. at 629 . 43 We agree with Judge Gri…
Michigan
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 81-549.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Dec 14, 1981.
Cited by 1 opinion | Published
Citer courts: Sixth Circuit (1) · N.D. Iowa (1) · Court of Appeals of Oregon (1) · W.D. Wisconsin (1)
C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.