Scarfo v. United States, 459 U.S. 1170 (1983). · Go Syfert
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Scarfo v. United States, 459 U.S. 1170 (1983). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
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cited 3× by 1 distinct case · “A repudiation is a party’s manifestation that it is not going to provide those goods or services when they will be due at some future date.”
cited 3× by 1 distinct case · “Acts of omission [by a law enforcement officer] are actionable ... to the same extent as are acts of commission.”
232 citation events (9 in the last 25 years) across 65 distinct courts.
Negative lean: 2nd, 10th  ·  Positive lean: 3rd, 7th, 11th, 6th
Strongest positive: Browning v. Snead (wvsd, 1995-05-17) · Strongest negative: Crowe v. Smith (lawd, 1994-03-28)
Treatment trajectory · 1983 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1983 2004 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 46 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited "but see" Crowe v. Smith
W.D. La. · 1994 · signal: but see · confidence high
See, e.g., Landry v. Air Line Pilots Ass’n Int’l AFL-CIO, 901 F.2d 404, 425 (5th Cir.1990), ce rt. denied, 498 U.S. 895 , 111 S.Ct. 244 , 112 L.Ed.2d 203 ; Bishop v. Corbitt Marine Ways, Inc., 802 F.2d 122, 122-23 (5th Cir.1986) (cataloging the circuits addressing this issue); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" State v. Ivanhoe
Ariz. Ct. App. · 1990 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) and 459 U.S. 1183 , 103 S.Ct. 834 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" Amendolare v. Schenkers International Forwarders, Inc.
E.D.N.Y · 1990 · signal: but see · confidence high
See, e.g., Haroco, Inc. v. American National Bank & Trust Co., 747 F.2d 384, 400 (7th Cir.1984); United States v. Computer Sciences Corp., 689 F.2d 1181, 1190 (4th Cir.1982); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" Busby v. Crown Supply, Inc.
4th Cir. · 1990 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11 Cir.1982) (the only circuit holding that the person and enterprise need not be dis tinct for § 1962(c) purposes), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). .
cited Cited "but see" Hall American Center Associates Ltd. Partnership v. Dick
E.D. Mich. · 1989 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "but see" Babst v. Morgan Keegan & Co.
E.D. La. · 1988 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (no distinction required).
cited Cited "but see" Bumgarner v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Kansas, Inc.
D. Kan. · 1988 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "but see" Smith v. MCI Telecommunications Corp.
D. Kan. · 1987 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed. 2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "but see" Levine v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1986 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" Abelson v. Strong
D. Mass. · 1986 · signal: but see · confidence high
Bennett v. United States Trust Co. of New York, 770 F.2d 308, 315 (2d Cir.1985) (citing cases), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 800 , 88 L.Ed.2d 776 (1986); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" United States v. George I. Benny
9th Cir. · 1986 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (corporation may be both liable “person” and related “enterprise”).
discussed Cited "but see" Grant v. Union Bank
D. Utah · 1986 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.) (“A corporation may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under RICO.”), reh. denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" Fustok v. Conticommodity Services, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1985 · signal: but see · confidence high
Hirsch v. Enright Refining Company, Inc., 751 F.2d 628, 633-34 (3rd Cir.1984); Haroco v. American National Bank and Trust Company, 747 F.2d 384, 399-402 (7th Cir.1984), aff'd on other grounds, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 3291 , 87 L.Ed.2d 437 (1985); United States v. Computer Sciences Corp., 689 F.2d 1181, 1190-91 (4th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1105 , 103 S.Ct. 729 , 74 L.Ed.2d 953 (1983); Bennet v. Berg, 685 F.2d 1053, 1061-62 (8th Cir.1982), aff'd on rehearing, 710 F.2d 1361 (en banc), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1008 , 104 S.Ct. 527 , 78 L.Ed.2d 710 (1983); but see United States v. Hartley, 67…
discussed Cited "but see" Richard D. BENNETT and Carole A. Bennett, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. UNITED STATES TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, Defendant-Appellee
2d Cir. · 1985 · signal: but see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a corporation may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under rico.
discussed Cited "but see" Kaufman v. Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A.
S.D.N.Y. · 1984 · signal: but cf. · confidence high
But cf. United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 990 (11th Cir.1982) (a corporate defendant can be simultaneously named as the “enterprise”), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Hirsch v. Enright, 577 F.Supp. 339 (D.N.J.
discussed Cited "but see" Bulk Oil (Zug) AG v. Sun Co., Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: but cf. · confidence high
But cf. United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (corporation may be both criminal defendant and enterprise); D ’lorio v. Adonizio, 554 F.Supp. 222, 232-33 (M.D.Pa.1982) (enterprise may be named a civil defendant when alleged to have been operated by directors and controlling partners through a pattern of racketeering activity).
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Browning v. Snead
S.D.W. Va · 1995 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
acts of omission are actionable ... to the same extent as are acts of commission.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) LCS Homes, Inc. v. Driggs Building Systems, Inc. (In Re LCS Homes, Inc.)
Bankr. E.D. Va. · 1989 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
a repudiation is a party's manifestation that it is not going to provide those goods or services when they will be due at some future date.
cited Cited "see" DeWane v. McGinty (In Re McGinty)
Bankr. N.D. Miss. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See, United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Hoefer v. Fluor Daniel, Inc.
C.D. Cal. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 971-72 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). 5 .
cited Cited "see" Hoefer v. Fluor Daniel, Inc.
C.D. Cal. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 971-72 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). 5 .
cited Cited "see" Marshall v. City of Atlanta (In re Air Terminal Enterprises, Inc.)
Bankr. N.D. Ga. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 , reh’g denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); see also 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (4).
cited Cited "see" Marshall v. City of Atlanta
N.D. Ga. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 , reh'g denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); see also 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (4).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Hernan Francisco Perez-Tosta, Gustavo Javier Correa-Patino, Erasmo Perez-Aguilera, Luis Guillermo Rojas-Valdez
11th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 977 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); compare Fed.R.Crim.P. 16(d)(2) 'with Fed.R.Evid. 404(b).
cited Cited "see" Thunder Basin Coal Co. v. Tuco, Inc.
D. Wyo. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bill’s Coal Co. v. Board of public Utilities of Springfield, Missouri, 682 F.2d 883, 886 (10th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1171 , 103 S.Ct. 816 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Lively
D. Del. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Scarfo, 685 F.2d 842, 849 (3d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" Schwab v. Wood
D. Del. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bruner v. Dunaway, 684 F.2d 422, 426 (6th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1171 , 103 S.Ct. 816 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Putman v. Gerloff, 639 F.2d 415, 423 (8th Cir.1981); Bracey v. Grenoble, 494 F.2d 566 (3d Cir.1974); Skevofilax v. Quigley, 586 F.Supp. 532, 543 (D.N.J.1984); Davidson v. Dixon, 386 F.Supp. 482 (D.Del.1974).
cited Cited "see" Yellow Bus Lines, Inc. v. Drivers, Chauffeurs & Helpers Local Union 639 James F. Woodward v. Michael Dipalermo Maria Triggs, Secretary/treasurer, Yellow Bus Lines
D.C. Cir. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Yellow Bus Lines, Inc. v. Drivers, Chauffeurs & Helpers Local Union 639
D.C. Cir. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Gambino
S.D.N.Y. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 992 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Aleman, 609 F.2d 298, 306 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 946 , 100 S.Ct. 1345 , 63 L.Ed.2d 780 (1980); United States v. Rone, 598 F.2d 564, 571 (9th Cir. 1979).
cited Cited "see" Posey v. Bank of Shaw (In Re Posey)
Bankr. N.D. Miss. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See, United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Jose Antonio Giraldo
2d Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 977 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Fed.R.Crim.P. 16 Advisory Committee Note.
discussed Cited "see" State v. Johnson
N.M. Ct. App. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Rone, 598 F.2d 564 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 946 , 100 S.Ct. 1345 , 63 L.Ed.2d 780 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Skevofilax v. Quigley
D.N.J. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bruner v. Dunaway, 684 F.2d 422, 426 (6th Cir.1982), cert. denied 459 U.S. 1171 , 103 S.Ct. 816 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Putman v. Gerloff, 639 F.2d 415, 423 (8th Cir.1981); Harris v. Chanclor, 537 F.2d 203, 206 (5th Cir.1976); McQurter v. City of Atlanta, supra at 1415; Davidson v. Dixon, 386 F.Supp. 482 (D.Del.1974), aff'd 529 F.2d 511 (3d Cir.1975).
cited Cited "see" Willamette Savings & Loan v. Blake & Neal Finance Co.
D. Or. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986-90 (11th Cir. 1982) , cert. denied, — U.S.-, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); D’lorio, 554 F.Supp. at 232-33 .
cited Cited "see" Mauriber v. Shearson/American Express, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 968-72 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Dussouy v. Gulf Coast Inv.
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Doamarel
D. Del. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
United States v. Molt, 615 F.2d 141, 145 (3d Cir.1980) (quoting Fahy v. Connecticut, 375 U.S. 85, 86-87 , 84 S.Ct. 229, 230-231 , 11 L.Ed.2d 171 (1963), and citing Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. at 22, 24 , 87 S.Ct. at 827, 828 ); see United States v. Scarfo, 685 F.2d 842, 845-46 (3d Cir.1982), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Diamond Gateway Coal Co. v. LTV Corp. (In Re Chateaugay Corp.)
S.D.N.Y. · 1989 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Bill’s Coal Company v. Board of Public Utilities, 682 F.2d 883 (10th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1171 , 103 S.Ct. 816 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (urging of erroneous interpretation of contractual clause, even if done in bad faith, did not amount to anticipatory repudiation where neither party’s performance under the contract was thereby affected).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." In Re Wedtech Corp.
Bankr. S.D.N.Y. · 1988 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare Medallion TV Enterprises, Inc. v. SelectTV of California, Inc., 627 F.Supp. 1290, 1294-95 (C.D.Cal.1986) (collecting cases), affirmed, 833 F.2d 1360 (9th Cir.1987) (separate person) with United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 1183, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 834, 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 , 1027 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Minnesota Odd Fellows Home Foundation v. Engler & Budd Co.
D. Minnesota · 1986 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare Bennett v. Berg with United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir. 1982) (entity “may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under RICO”), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Schofield v. First Commodity Corp. of Boston
D. Mass. · 1985 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982) (corporation can be defendant and “enterprise” in criminal RICO prosecution), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 1183, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 834, 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Bernstein v. IDT Corp., 582 F.Supp. 1079, 1082-84 (D.Del.1984) (respondeat superior applies in civil RICO case to make employer/“enterprise” potentially liable for violations of employee/“person”); B.F.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Griffin v. O'Neal, Jones & Feldman, Inc.
S.D. Ohio · 1985 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Benny, 559 F.Supp. 264 (N.D.Cal.1983). 4 But a sufficient number has approved and adopted our reasoning, 5 and we are satisfied that, until a contrary decision issues from our parent circuit or the Supreme Court, our thinking remains sound.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Tommy Lynn Weathersby v. Conoco Oil Company, Conoco Oil Company v. Global Marine, and National Supply Company
5th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see also · confidence low
Note, Contractual Indemnity Under Maritime and Louisiana Law, 43 La.L.Rev. 189 (1982); see also Boudreaux v. American Workover, Inc., 664 F.2d 463, 466 (5th Cir.1981), on reh’g en banc, 680 F.2d 1034 (5th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Pippen v. Shell Oil Co., 661 F.2d 378, 384 (5th Cir.1981). 2 .
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States of America, Cross-Appellant v. Frank Romano and Thomas Romano, Cross-Appellees. In Re United States of America
11th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Saine v. A.I.A., Inc.
D. Colo. · 1984 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Benny, 559 F.Supp. 264 (N.D.Cal.1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Barbara Gottesman
11th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Martino, 648 F.2d 367, 380 (5th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 943 , 102 S.Ct. 2006 , 72 L.Ed.2d 465 (1982). 3 *1522 It is clear from the record that Gottesman and her husband had operated the National Film Company for many years as distributors of pornographic films, and that they used the auspices of that company to commit two acts of racketeering — the two 18 U.S.C. § 2814 violations.
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Scarfo
v.
United States
No. 82-709.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jan 24, 1983.
459 U.S. 1170
Cited by 1 opinion  |  Published
3 passages pin-cited by 3 cases
Pinpoint authority: bottom 76%
Citer courts: Second Circuit (1) · E.D. Virginia (1) · S.D. West Virginia (1)

C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.