Don't Waste Washington Legal Def. Found. v. Washington, 461 U.S. 913 (1983). · Go Syfert
Don't Waste Washington Legal Def. Found. v. Washington, 461 U.S. 913 (1983). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“the broad language of the statute ... is not unconstitutionally vague because contains the requirement that the defendant must have acted willfully and with a specific intent to defraud.”
358 citation events (4 in the last 25 years) across 57 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: State v. Shaw (mo, 1993-02-23)
Treatment trajectory · 1983 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1983 2004 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) State v. Shaw
Mo. · 1993 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
the broad language of the statute ... is not unconstitutionally vague because contains the requirement that the defendant must have acted willfully and with a specific intent to defraud.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Kensington Hospital
E.D. Pa. · 1991 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
the concepts of reliance, and de facto control and dominance ... are at the heart of fiduciary duty
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Frank Landry v. Air Line Pilots Association International Afl-Cio, Taca Airlines, S.A. And Charles J. Huttinger
5th Cir. · 1990 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
the prohibition against schemes or artifices to defraud is properly interpreted to be independent of the clause 'for obtaining money or property.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Yagih Aboumoussallem
2d Cir. · 1984 · confidence medium
We accord trial judges considerable discretion in balancing the Rule 403 factors, See, e.g., United States v. Margiotta, 662 F.2d 131,142 (2d Cir.1981), cert, denied,-U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 *913 (1983), and, though the issue is somewhat close, we find no abuse of that discretion in this case.
cited Cited "see" Economic Opportunity Commission of Nassau County, Inc. v. County of Nassau, Inc.
E.D.N.Y · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 130 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1988); City of New York v. Joseph L.
cited Cited "see" United States v. Arena
N.D.N.Y. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See id.
cited Cited "see" State v. Martinez
Neb. Ct. App. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 646 F.2d 729, 733 (2d Cir. 1981), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S. Ct. 1891 , 77 L.
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Tomblin
5th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 131 (2d Cir.1982) (affirming private person’s conviction for aiding and abetting public official's extortion), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983). 27 .
cited Cited "see" United States v. Frequency Electronics
E.D.N.Y · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 646 F.2d 729, 733 (2d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Burlington Northern R. Co. v. State of Mont.
D. Mont. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See People of the State of Illinois v. General Electric Co., 683 F.2d 206 (7th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Tutino
unknown court · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See, United States v. Margiotta, 646 F.2d 729, 733 (2d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Tutino
unknown court · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See, United States v. Margiotta, 646 F.2d 729, 733 (2d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Schermerhorn
S.D.N.Y. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See especially United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 139-44 (2d Cir.1982) (Winter, J., dissenting) (decrying the use of mail fraud statute in political corruption cases when underlying "breach" does not even violate state law), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983). 5 .
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Joe S. Duncan and Michael M. Downing (2×)
6th Cir. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 646 F.2d 729, 733 (2d Cir.1981), ce rt. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983). .
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Asher, Robert B. (2×)
3rd Cir. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Perholtz, 836 F.2d 554, 557 (D.C.Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 139 (2d Cir.1982) (Winter, J., dissenting in part), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983); United States v. Bronston, 658 F.2d 920, 930-31 (2d Cir.1981) (Van Graafeiland, J., dissenting), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 915 , 102 S.Ct. 1769 , 72 L.Ed.2d 174 (1982); Coffee, The Metastasis of Mail Fraud: The Continuing Story of the "Evolution" of a White-Collar Crime, 21 Am.Crim.L.Rev. 1 (1983); Lynch, RICO: The Crime of Being a Criminal (pt. 2), 87 Colum.L.Rev. …
cited Cited "see" State v. Saraceno
Conn. App. Ct. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 646 F.2d 729, 733 (2d Cir. 1981), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S. Ct. 1891 , 77 L.
cited Cited "see" Rainbow Coalition of Oklahoma v. Oklahoma State Election Board
10th Cir. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See Arutonoff v. Oklahoma State Election Bd., 687 F.2d 1375 , 1377 (10th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1892 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983). .
discussed Cited "see" Rainbow Coalition Of Oklahoma v. Oklahoma State Election Board
10th Cir. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See Arutonoff v. Oklahoma State Election Bd., 687 F.2d 1375, 1377 (10th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1892 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983) 5 Indeed, the dissent in Munro castigates the majority for failing to use the strict scrutiny standard.
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Frank Runnels (86-1923) and Arnold Shapero (86-1922) (2×)
6th Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 120 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983) (de facto leader of local government owed fiduciary duty to local citizenry); United States v. Barber, 668 F.2d 778 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 829 , 103 S.Ct. 66 , 74 L.Ed.2d 67 (1982) (use of falsified documents by Alcoholic Beverage Commissioner breached fiduciary duty owed to state and citizens); United States v. Diggs, 613 F.2d 988 (D.C.Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 982 , 100 S.Ct. 2961 , 64 L.Ed.2d 838 (1980) (Congressman’s use of clerk-hire fu…
cited Cited "see" Cullen v. Margiotta
2d Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Cullen v. Margiotta
2d Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" Aguinaga v. John Morrell & Co.
D. Kan. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 125 (2nd Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983) (characteristics of a fiduciary relationship); United States v. Reed, 601 F.Supp. 685, 704-07 (S.D.N.Y.1985) (same).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Claude S. Birtle
9th Cir. · 1986 · signal: accord · confidence high
Indeed, “[t]he general rule is that appellants cannot raise a new issue for the first time in their reply briefs.” Thompson v. Commissioner, 631 F.2d 642, 649 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 961 , 101 S.Ct. 3110 , 69 L.Ed.2d 972 (1981); accord United States v. Kendrick, 692 F.2d 1262, 1265 (9th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 914 , 103 S.Ct. 1892 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Julio Diaz
2d Cir. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 120-21 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Ianniello
S.D.N.Y. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108 (2d Cir.1982), cert.denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983); United States v. Mastropieri, 685 F.2d 776 (2d Cir.), cert.denied, 459 U.S. 945 , 103 S.Ct. 260 , 74 L.Ed.2d 203 (1982); United States v. Cambindo-Valencia, 609 F.2d 630 (2d Cir. 1979), cert.denied, 446 U.S. 940 , 100 S.Ct. 2163 , 64 L.Ed.2d 795 (1980); United States v. Wilson, 565 F.Supp. 1416, 1437 (S.D.N.Y.1983). 101 . 273 U.S. 77, 80-81 , 47 S.Ct. 300, 301-02 , 71 L.Ed. 545 (1927).
discussed Cited "see" Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers and Reynolds Metals Company v. Middle South Energy, Inc., Arkansas Power & Light Company, Appellee-Intervenor
8th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Washington State Building & Construction Trades Council v. Spellman, 684 F.2d 627, 629-30 (9th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983); Halderman v. Pennhurst State School & Hospital, 612 F.2d at 134 ; cf. In re Grand Jury Proceedings, 708 F.2d at 1575 (denial of intervention found harmless where appellate court considered claim as if district court had allowed intervention); Dana v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 125 F.2d 542, 543 (2d Cir.1942) (per curiam) (order denying intervention would not be disturbed on appeal where those seeking interventi…
cited Cited "see" Adams v. Attorney Registration & Disciplinary Commission
N.D. Ill. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See People of the State of Illinois v. General Electric Co., 683 F.2d 206 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Greenough
S.D. Ala. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108,133 (2d Cir.1982), cert, denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 ; United States v. O’Grady, 742 F.2d 682, 687 (2d Cir.1984); United States v. Trotta, 525 F.2d 1096 (2d Cir. 1975), cert, denied 425 U.S. 971 , 96 S.Ct. 2167 , 48 L.Ed.2d 794 ; See also the discussion of the Trotta case in United States v. Dozier, 672 F.2d 531 (5th Cir.1982), and the Court’s discussion of United States v. Glass, United States v. O’Malley and United States v. Williams, supra. Based on the above, the Court concludes that the defendant’s asserted er…
cited Cited "see" United States v. Sugar
S.D.N.Y. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 646 F.2d 729, 733 (2d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Reed
S.D.N.Y. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 122 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 -92, 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Adams v. ATTY. REG. & DIS. COM'N OF S. CT. OF ILL.
N.D. Ill. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See People of the State of Illinois v. General Electric Co., 683 F.2d 206, 208 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Adams v. Attorney Registration & Disciplinary Commission of the Supreme Court
N.D. Ill. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See People of the State of Illinois v. General Electric Co., 683 F.2d 206, 208 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Varbaro (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
S.D.N.Y. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 646 F.2d 729 (2d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 189 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" County Comm'rs of Charles Co. v. Stevens
Md. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See Washington State Bldg. & Const. Trades v. Spellman, 684 F.2d 627 (9th Cir.1982), cert. denied,-U.S.-, 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983) (ballot initiative banning storage of radioactive waste generated out of state and transportation of such waste to disposal sites within the state); Smith v. Department of Agr. of State of Ga., 630 *216 F.2d 1081 (5th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 910, 101 S.Ct. 3040 , 69 L.Ed.2d 412 (1981) (regulation of a state-owned produce market); Tenneco, Inc. v. Sutton, 530 F.Supp. 411 (M.D.La.1981) (statute giving Louisiana residents a preferred right of a…
cited Cited "see" United States v. Weiss
S.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 118 (2d Cir.1982) cert. denied, — U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983) (the fraud there generated a “slush fund”).
cited Cited "see" Vulcan Hart Corporation (St. Louis Division) v. National Labor Relations Board
8th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Randall, Div. of Tex-tron, Inc. v. NLRB, 687 F.2d 1240, 1244 (8th Cir.1982), cert. denied,-U.S.-, 103 S.Ct. 1892 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Larson
S.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 130-33 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983); United States v. Augello, 451 F.2d 1167, 1169-70 (2d Cir.1971), cert. denied 405 U.S. 1070 , 92 S.Ct. 1518 , 31 L.Ed.2d 802 (1972); cf. United States v. Barta, 635 F.2d 999 (2d Cir.1980), ce rt. denied, 450 U.S. 998 , 101 S.Ct. 1703 , 68 L.Ed.2d 199 (1981); United States v. Bronston, 658 F.2d 920 (2d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 915 , 102 S.Ct. 1769 , 72 L.Ed.2d 174 (1982).
discussed Cited "see" Quintel Corp., N v. v. Citibank, N.A.
S.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 122-125 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983); Penato v. George, 52 A.D.2d 939, 942 , 383 N.Y.S.2d 900, 904-05 (2d Dep’t 1976), appeal dismissed, 42 N.Y.2d 908 , 397 N.Y.S.2d 1004 , 366 N.E.2d 1358 (1977); Mobil Oil Corp. v. Rubenfeld, 72 Misc.2d 392, 399-400 , 339 N.Y.S.2d 623, 632 (Civ.Ct.
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Autumn Jackson, Boris Sabas, Also Known as Boris Shmulevich, and Jose Medina, Also Known as Yosi Medina
2d Cir. · 1999 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 134 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. John Arena and Michelle Wentworth
2d Cir. · 1999 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 134 (2d Cir.1982) (continuation of insurance business), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983); United States v. Daley, 564 F.2d at 648 (employees’ jobs and contractors’ future job assignments); United States v. Tropiano, 418 F.2d at 1075-76 (right to do business in a given area or to bid for contracts); United States v. Anderson, 716 F.2d at 450 (right of doctor to continue to perform abortions).
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Billy Louis Collins
6th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 131 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Neufeld
S.D. Ohio · 1995 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 121 (2d Cir.1982) (“In the private sector, it is now a commonplace that a breach of fiduciary duty in violation of the mail fraud statute may be based on artifices which do not deprive any person of money or other forms of-tangible property.”), ce rt. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983); United States v. Castor, 558 F.2d 379, 383-84 (7th Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1010 , 98 S.Ct. 720 , 54 L.Ed.2d 752 (1978).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Ashley
E.D.N.Y · 1995 · signal: see also · confidence low
“Although largely overlapping, a scheme to defraud, and a scheme to obtain money by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, are separate offenses.” United States v. Cronic, 900 F.2d 1511, 1513 (10th Cir.1990) (mail fraud) (collecting cases); United States v. Clausen, 792 F.2d 102, 104 (8th Cir.) (“Courts have construed ... [Section 1343] to forbid both schemes to defraud, whether or not any specific misrepresentations are involved, and schemes to obtain money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises.”) (emphases i…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Elton E. Bryan, A/K/A Butch
4th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983); United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167 , 1173— 75 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980); United States v. Louderman, 576 F.2d 1383, 1388 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 896 , 99 S.Ct. 257 , 58 L.Ed.2d 243 (1978). 4 .Section 10(b) provides, in relevant part, that It shall be unlawful for any person, directly or indirectly ... (b) To use or employ, in connection with the purchase or sale of any securityL] ... any …
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Waymer
11th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see also · confidence low
But it does relieve the statute of the objection that it punishes without warning an offense of which the accused was unaware.” United States v. Conner, 752 F.2d 566, 574 (11th Cir.) (quoting Screws v. United States, 325 U.S. 91, 101-02 , 65 S.Ct. 1031, 1035-36 , 89 L.Ed. 1495 (1945) (Douglas, J., concurring)), cert. denied sub nom., Taylor v. United States, 474 U.S. 821 , 106 S.Ct. 72 , 88 L.Ed.2d 59 (1985); see also United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 129 (2d Cir.1982) (“[t]he broad language of [section 1341], intended by Congress to be sufficiently flexible to cover the wide range…
cited Cited "see, e.g." Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. v. Doe
S.D.N.Y. · 1994 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Illinois v. General Electric Co., 683 F.2d 206, 211 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Coster v. Crookham
Iowa · 1991 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Kendrick, 692 F.2d 1262, 1265 (9th Cir.1982) (pledge of securities constitutes a sale under rule 10(b)-5), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 914 , 103 S.Ct. 1892 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Schwartz
2d Cir. · 1991 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 121 (2d Cir.1982) (fraud statutes do not require a deprivation of property), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Schwartz
2d Cir. · 1991 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Margiotta, 688 F.2d 108, 121 (2d Cir.1982) (fraud statutes do not require a deprivation of property), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913 , 103 S.Ct. 1891 , 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Giovanelli
S.D.N.Y. · 1989 · signal: see also · confidence low
Instead, the functional equivalent of a James hearing is provided by a court’s determination—at the close of the Government’s case—that a preponderance of the evidence demonstrates “that there was a conspiracy, that both the declarant and the party against whom the statements are offered were members of the conspiracy, and that the statements were made in furtherance of the conspiracy.” United States v. Daly, 842 F.2d 1380, 1386 (2d Cir.1988), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 821 , 109 S.Ct. 66 , 102 L.Ed.2d 43 (1988); see United States v. Geaney, 417 F.2d 1116 (2d Cir.1969), cert. denied, 3…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Don't Waste Washington Legal Defense Foundation
v.
Washington
No. 82-841.
Supreme Court of the United States.
May 2, 1983.
461 U.S. 913

C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.