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"Howell II"
Treatment trajectory · 1984 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1984
2005
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Commonwealth v. Hobbs
in deciding whether particular evidence should be suppressed in any given case, then, courts properly weigh the deterrent effect of the suppression against its societal costs
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Orscheln Bros. Truck Lines, Inc. v. Zenith Electronics Corp.
it is clear that the commission's action in the present circumstances does not conflict with that underlying purpose
cited
Cited "see"
Larry W. Barnes v. The Goodyear Tire And Rubber
See Rasimas v. Michigan Dep’t. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 ,626-27 (6th Cir. 1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S. Ct. 2151 , 802 L.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Richard Beck
See United States v. Fitzgerald, 724 F.2d 633, 637 (1983) (en banc) (“[W]e hold that the infirmity of part of a warrant requires the suppression of evidence seized pursuant to that part of the warrant ... but does not require the suppression of anything described in the valid portions of the warrant .... ”), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 538 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Richard Beck
See United States v. Fitzgerald, 724 F.2d 633, 637 (1983) (en banc) ("[W]e hold that the infirmity of part of a warrant requires the suppression of evidence seized pursuant to that part of the warrant . . . but does not require the suppression of anything described in the valid portions of the warrant . . . ."), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 (1984).
cited
Cited "see"
AM BY AND THROUGH LAW v. Grant
See Galvan v. Garmon, 710 F.2d 214, 215-216 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 949 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984) (distinguishing Spaulding ).
cited
Cited "see"
A.M. ex rel. Law v. Grant
See Galvan v. Garmon, 710 F.2d 214, 215-216 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 949 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984) (distinguishing Spaulding).
discussed
Cited "see"
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Manville Sales Corp.
See Kilgo v. Bowman Transp., Inc., 789 F.2d 859 , 879 (11th Cir.1986) ("Since the plaintiffs were not offered employment, but simply the opportunity to apply for an unspecified number of jobs, we conclude that Bowman's offer did not satisfy the requirements of Ford Motor Co.")', Rasimas v. Michigan Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 625 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
Jenell Clemons v. Jesse Brown, Secretary, Department of Veterans Affairs Veterans Administration Hospital, Palo Alto, California
See Demarest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 968 (9th Cir.1983) (district court did not err by denying oral argument where plaintiff made no request until after motion for summary judgment was granted), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
Reilly v. Cisneros
See Rasimas v. Michigan Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614, 624 (6th Cir. 1983), cert denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984); Floca v. Homcare Health Services, Inc., 845 F.2d 108, 111 (5th Cir.1988); Weaver v. Casa Gallardo, Inc., 922 F.2d 1515, 1527 (11th Cir.1991).
cited
Cited "see"
Gwendolyn Fish v. Nationwide Insurance Company
See Rasimas v. Michigan Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 620-21 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
Naugle v. Witney
See United States v. Fitzgerald 724 F.2d 633, 636-37 (8th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 538 (1984); Sovereign News Co. v. United States, 690 F.2d 569, 576 (6th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 814 , 104 S.Ct. 69 , 78 L.Ed.2d 83 ; United States v. Riggs, 690 F.2d 298, 301 (1st Cir.1982); United States v. Christine, 687 F.2d 749, 758 (3d Cir.1982); United States v. Cardwell, 680 F.2d 75, 78 (9th Cir.1982); United States v. Cook, 657 F.2d 730, 735 (5th Cir. Unit A. Sept. 1982); United States v. Jacob, 657 F.2d 49, 52 (4th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 94…
discussed
Cited "see"
Wabun-Inini, AKA Vernon Bellecourt v. William Sessions, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, D.C. Jeffrey J. Jamar, Agent-In-Charge, Minneapolis Office of the Fbi, Minneapolis, Minnesota Peter Cunningham, Special Agent, Minneapolis Office of the Fbi, Minneapolis, Minnesota William Clifford, Special Agent, Minneapolis Office of the Fbi, Minneapolis, Minnesota John Doe Jane Doe, and Other Presently Unknown Officials of the United States Government, Wabun-Inini, AKA Vernon Bellecourt v. William Sessions, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, D.C. Jeffrey J. Jamar, Agent-In-Charge, Minneapolis Office of the Fbi, Minneapolis, Minnesota Peter Cunningham, Special Agent, Minneapolis Office of the Fbi, Minneapolis, Minnesota William Clifford, Special Agent, Minneapolis Office of the Fbi, Minneapolis, Minnesota John Doe Jane Doe, and Other Presently Unknown Officials of the United States Government
We elect to exercise our discretion here, however, to resolve all issues on the merits where "a district court's ruling rests solely on a premise as to the applicable rule of law, and the facts are established or of no controlling relevance." Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists, 476 U.S. 747, 757 , 106 S.Ct. 2169, 2177 , 90 L.Ed.2d 779 (1986); see Union Nat'l Bank of Little Rock v. Federal Nat'l Mortgage Ass'n, 860 F.2d 847, 852 (8th Cir.1988) 4 In United States v. Apker, 705 F.2d 293 (8th Cir.), aff'd, United States v. Fitzgerald, 724 F.2d 633 (8th Cir.1983) (en ba…
discussed
Cited "see"
Anderson v. Phillips Petroleum Co.
See Rasimas v. Michigan Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 628 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984); Royen v. Consolidated Edison Co., 560 F.Supp. 1161, 1164 (S.D.N.Y.1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
State v. Bonynge
See United States v. Fitzgerald, 724 F.2d 633, 636-37 (8th Cir.1983), cert, denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 538 (1984); see also United States v. LeBron, 729 F.2d 533 , 537 n. 2 (8th Cir.1984). b.
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Paul Richard Krasaway
See United States v. Fitzgerald, 724 F.2d 633, 636-37 (8th Cir.1983) (en banc), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 538 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
Gun South, Inc. v. Brady
See Iowa Power and Light Co. v. United States, 712 F.2d 1292, 1294-97 (8th Cir.1983) (ICC could retroactively impose higher tariff to correct legal error), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 949 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984); Bookman v. United States, 453 F.2d 1263, 1265 , 197 Ct.Cl. 108 (1972) (allowing agency to reconsider decisions in absence of statutory or regulatory authorization after noting general rule that "[e]very tribunal, judicial or administrative, has some power to correct its own errors or otherwise appropriate to modify its judgment, decree, or order.") (quoting 2 K.
discussed
Cited "see"
Gun South, Inc. v. Brady
See Iowa Power and Light Co. v. United States, 712 F.2d 1292, 1294-97 (8th Cir.1983) (ICC could retroactively impose higher tariff to correct legal error), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 949 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed. 2d 536 (1984); Bookman v. United States, 453 F.2d 1263, 1265 , 197 Ct.Cl. 108 (1972) (allowing agency to reconsider decisions in absence of statutory or regulatory authorization after noting general rule that “[e]very tribunal, judicial or administrative, has some power to correct its own errors or otherwise appropriate to modify its judgment, decree, or order.”) (quoting 2 K.
discussed
Cited "see"
Hooker v. United States Department of Health & Human Services
(2×)
See Demarest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 965 (9th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984); Capitol Industries-EMI, Inc. v. Bennett, 681 F.2d 1107, 1118 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 943 , 102 S.Ct. 1438 , 71 L.Ed.2d 655 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Hooker v. United States Department Of Health And Human Services
(2×)
See Demarest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 965 (9th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984); Capitol Industries-EMI, Inc. v. Bennett, 681 F.2d 1107, 1118 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 943 , 102 S.Ct. 1438 , 71 L.Ed.2d 655 (1982).
cited
Cited "see"
Judith Thomas-Lazear Steven R. Reed European Overseas Bank Limited v. Federal Bureau of Investigation, and John Shockey Robert Kilbane
See Doran v. Houle, 721 F.2d 1182, 1185 (9th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2152 , 80 L.Ed.2d 538 (1984).
cited
Cited "see"
Espie v. Catholic Social Services
See, Shuttleworth v. Catholic Family Services , 439 So.2d 1292 (Ala.Civ.App.), cert. denied , 439 So.2d 1292 (Ala. 1983), cert. denied , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 466 U.S. 950 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
Coverdell v. Department of Social & Health Services
(2×)
See Demarest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 965 (9th Cir.1983) (dismissal is the appropriate disposition if subject matter jurisdiction is absent), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
Coverdell v. Department Of Social And Health Services
(2×)
See Demarest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 965 (9th Cir.1983) (dismissal is the appropriate disposition if subject matter jurisdiction is absent), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984). 57 C.
discussed
Cited "see"
Carol Conklin v. Leo E. Lovely Joe W. Wakeley and John Huss
(2×)
See Rasimas v. Michigan Department of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614, 627 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984) (holding that unemployment benefits may never be deducted from a back pay award in a Title VII case).
discussed
Cited "see"
Roberts v. Corrothers
(2×)
See Demarest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 966 (9th Cir.1983) (reversing the district court’s jurisdictional dismissal where plaintiff’s constitutional claim was not “patently without merit”), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
Roberts v. Corrothers
(2×)
See Demarest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 966 (9th Cir.1983) (reversing the district court's jurisdictional dismissal where plaintiff's constitutional claim was not "patently without merit"), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984). 13 If a district court cannot determine jurisdiction on the basis of a threshold inquiry analogous to a 12(b)(6) motion, the court may assume jurisdiction and go on to determine the relevant jurisdictional facts "on either a motion going to the merits or at trial." Augustine, 704 F.2d at 1077 ; see also Thornhill Publishing Co., 594 F…
discussed
Cited "see"
Gomez v. Great Lakes Steel Division National Steel Corporation
See Leonard v. City of Frankfort Electric and Water Plant Board, 752 F.2d 189, 195 (6th Cir.1985) (citing Rasimas v. Michigan Department of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984)); Bourque v. Powell Electrical Manufacturing Co., 617 F.2d 61, 66 (5th Cir.1980); Adler v. John Carroll University, 549 F.Supp. 652, 655-56 (N.D.Ohio 1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Gomez v. Great Lakes Steel Division National Steel Corp.
See Leonard v. City of Frankfort Electric and Water Plant Board, 752 F.2d 189, 195 (6th Cir.1985) (citing Rasimas v. Michigan Department of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984)); Bourque v. Powell Electrical Manufacturing Co., 617 F.2d 61, 66 (5th Cir.1980); Adler v. John Carroll University, 549 F.Supp. 652, 655-56 (N.D.Ohio 1982).
examined
Cited "see"
The People of the Territory of Guam v. Jae Hung Yang
(4×)
See Demurest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 967-68 (9th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984); United States v. Kinsley, 518 F.2d 665 , 670 n. 10 (8th Cir.1975); United States v. Fox, 473 F.2d 131 , 136 n. 11 (D.C.Cir.1972).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Nader
See United States v. Fitzgerald, 724 F.2d 633 (8th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 538 (1984); Sovereign News Co. v. United States, 690 F.2d 569 (6th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 814 , 104 S.Ct. 69 , 78 L.Ed.2d 83 (1983); United States v. Riggs, 690 F.2d 298 (1st Cir.1982); United States v. Christine, 687 F.2d 749 (3d Cir.1982); United States v. Freeman, 685 F.2d 942 (5th Cir.1982); United States v. Torch, 609 F.2d 1088 (4th Cir.1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
Saleeby v. State Bar
(2×)
As noted by the district court in Walters, such a summary affirmance, while of binding effect, extends only to issues if they were actually decided in the lower court, necessary to that court’s decision, presented to the Supreme Court in the jurisdictional statement, and necessarily decided by the Supreme Court in its disposition. ( 589 F.Supp. at p. 1309 ; see Cherry v. Steiner (9th Cir. 1983) 716 F.2d 687, 690 .) The Gendron summary affirmance was thereafter relied upon as controlling by the Ninth Circuit in Demarest v. United States (9th Cir. 1983) 718 F.2d 964 , cert. den. (1984) 466 U.S…
cited
Cited "see"
John Larry Ray v. Patricia Pickett, J. Alan MacDoniel U.S. Parole Commissioner
See Galvan v. Garmon, 710 F.2d 214 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 , 35 Crim.L.Rep. 4021 (1984).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Sheriff of Suffolk County v. Jail Officers & Employees of Suffolk County
See also Rasimas v. Michigan Dep’t of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 624 (6th Cir. 1983), cert, denied, 466 U.S. 950 (1984); Meyer v. United Air Lines, Inc., 950 F. Supp. 874, 876 (N.D.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Gilster v. Primebank
See, e.g., Rasimas v. Michigan Department of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614, 624 (6th Cir.1983) (reasonable diligence standard), ce rt. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Dollar v. Smithway Motor Xpress, Inc.
See, e.g., Rasimas v. Michigan Department of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614, 624 (6th Cir.1983) (reasonable diligence standard), ce rt. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Baker v. John Morrell & Co.
See, e.g., Rasimas v. Michigan Department of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614, 624 (6th Cir.1983) (reasonable diligence standard), ce rt. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Minebea Co., Ltd. v. Papst
(2×)
Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure: Civil 2d § 1350 (1990); see also Demarest v. United States, 718 F.2d 964, 965 (9th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984); Raus v. Brotherhood Railway Carmen, 663 F.2d 791, 796 (8th Cir.1981); Harary v. Blumenthal, 555 F.2d 1113 , 1115 n. 1 (2d Cir.1977); Richards v. United States Merit Sys.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Gerardi v. Hofstra University
See, e.g., Rasimas v. Michigan Dep’t of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 624 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984) (substantial equivalence inquiry extends to “job responsibilities, working conditions, and status”); McCann Steel Co. v. NLRB, 570 F.2d 652, 655 (6th Cir.1978) (substantially equivalent employment “refers to the hours worked ... as well as the nature of the work”).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Thomas R. Lussier v. Marvin Runyon, United States Postmaster General, Thomas R. Lussier v. Marvin Runyon, United States Postmaster General
Compare Hawley v. Dresser Indus., Inc., 958 F.2d 720, 726 (6th Cir.1992) (approving the deduction of pension benefits from an ADEA back pay award) with Rasimas v. Michigan Dep’t. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 627 (6th Cir.1983) (holding that “[unemployment benefits ... should not be deducted from backpay awards” under Title VII), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984); and compare Glover v. McDonnell Douglas Corp., 12 F.3d 845, 848 (8th Cir.) (holding that the district court erred in refusing to offset pension payments from an award of back pay), cert. den…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Lussier v. Postmaster General
Compare Hawley v. Dresser Indus., Inc., 958 F.2d 720, 726 (6th Cir. 1992) (approving the deduction of pension benefits from an ADEA back pay award) with Rasimas v. Michigan Dep't of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 627 (6th Cir. 1983) (holding that "[u]nemployment benefits . . . should not be deducted from backpay awards" under Title VII), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 (1984); and compare Glover v. McDonnell Douglas Corp., 12 F.3d 845, 848 (8th Cir.) (holding that the district court erred in refusing to offset pension payments from an award of back pay), cert. denied, 114 S. Ct. 1647 (1994) with Doy…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Schiff v. Dorsey
See Griffin v. Leonard, 821 F.2d 1124 (5th Cir. 1987) (stating that the court need not decide whether federal probation officer is entitled to absolute immunity for initiating parole revocation hearing, since officer would be protected by qualified immunity); see also Galvan v. Garmon, 710 F.2d 214 (5th Cir.1983), ce rt. denied, 466 U.S. 949 , 104 S.Ct. 2150 , 80 L.Ed.2d 536 (1984) (granting only qualified immunity to state probation officer who initiated probation revocation proceedings); Gelatt v. County of Broome, 811 F.Supp. 61 (N.D.N.Y.1993) (same).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Sophia SHORE, Plaintiff-Appellant, Cross-Appellee, v. FEDERAL EXPRESS CORPORATION, Defendant-Appellee, Cross-Appellant
See also Ford v. Nicks, 866 F.2d 865, 873 (6th Cir.1989) (“An employee is not required to go to heroic lengths in attempting to mitigate his damages, but only to take reasonable steps to do so.”) (citing Rasimas v. Michigan Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 624 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984)).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Gretchen Daniel v. Dennis Loveridge and Loveridge MacHine & Tool, Inc., a Utah Corporation
See also Rasimas v. Mich. Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 627-28 and n. 13 (6th Cir.1983) (holding that, in a Title VII case, unemployment compensation is a collateral source and should not offset a successful plaintiff's back pay, even where the employer makes a contribution to the unemployment compensation fund in the form of taxes), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
J. Brent Liedtke v. The State Bar of Texas
See also Howell v. State Bar of Texas, 710 F.2d 1075 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2152 , 80 L.Ed.2d 538 (1984); Kimball; Sawyer v. Overton, 595 F.2d 252 (5th Cir.1979).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Dushaw v. Roadway Express, Inc.
See also Rasimas v. Michigan Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 624 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Rosie Lee Pegues, Cross-Appellants v. Mississippi State Employment Service, Cross-Appellees
See also Rasimas v. Michigan Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 626 (6th Cir. 1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984) ("in the absence of extraordinary circumstances, back pay should always be awarded when a Title VII violation is found”). 46 .
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Sam J. Brooks v. Woodline Motor Freight, Inc.
See, e.g., Rasimas v. Michigan Department of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614, 624 (6th Cir.1983) (reasonable diligence standard), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Mary Juanita Sellers, Plaintiff-Appellant/cross-Appellee v. Delgado Community College and State of Louisiana, Defendants-Appellees/cross-Appellants
See also Rasimas v. Michigan Dept. of Mental Health, 714 F.2d 614 , 626 (6th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 950 , 104 S.Ct. 2151 , 80 L.Ed.2d 537 (1984).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Demarest
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 83-1176.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Apr 23, 1984.
Cited by 51 opinions | Published
C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.