California Codes

Cal. Commercial Code § 1103 (2026)

✓ current as of May 2026

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(a)This code shall be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies, which are:

(1)to simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transactions;

(2)to permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom, usage, and agreement of the parties; and

(3)to make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions.

(b)Unless displaced by the particular provisions of this code, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent, estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy, and other validating or invalidating cause supplement its provisions.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 16 cases (3 in the last 5 years), 1969–2025 · leading case: Fireman's Fund Ins. v. Sec. Pac. Nat'l Bank, 25 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. (West) 495 (Cal. Ct. App. 1978).

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Fireman's Fund Ins. v. Sec. Pac. Nat'l Bank, 25 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. (West) 495 (Cal. Ct. App. 1978). · cites it 2× “) 18 Commercial Code, section 1103, states in pertinent part as follows: “Unless displaced by the particular provisions of this code, the principles of law and equity .”

Jiagbogu v. Mercedes-Benz USA, 4 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 4490 (Cal. Ct. App. 2004). “) Commercial Code section 1103 provides that in general, “principles of law and equity .”

H. Russell Taylor's Fire Prevention Serv., Inc. v. Coca Cola Bottling Corp., 27 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. (West) 1312 (Cal. Ct. App. 1979). “7 Commercial Code section 1103 provides: “Unless displaced by the particular provisions of this code, the principles of law and equity.”

Allied Concord Fin. Corp. v. Bank of Am., 6 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. (West) 749 (Cal. Ct. App. 1969). “It is true that if a collecting or depositary bank has proceeds of a forgery in its possession under section 3419, subdivision (3) it may become liable to the true owner, normally the payee, for the amount of proceeds remaining in its hands. If a drawer can establish a claim to…”

Bank of Am. v. Sec. Pac. Nat'l Bank, 10 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. (West) 434 (Cal. Ct. App. 1972). “3 As there is no special statute of limitations set forth in the Commercial Code, the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure pertaining to limitations of actions are applicable (Com. Code, § 1103).”

Kaichen's Metal Mart, Inc. v. Ferro Cast Co., 95 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 1938 (Cal. Ct. App. 1995). “Commercial Code section 1103 provides: “Unless displaced by the particular provisions of this code, the principles of law and equity, including .”

Allison v. Gate Elec., Inc. (In Re Mycro-Tek, Inc.), 191 B.R. 188 (Bankr. D. Kan. 1996). “See Cal. Com.Code § 1103. The issue here is whether the Bank could continue to honor checks and withdrawals after being served with the writ of garnishment, because of its status as a creditor with a perfected secured interest in the deposit account.”

In Re Amica, Inc., 135 B.R. 534 (Bankr. N.D. Ill. 1992). “Cal. Comm.Code § 1103. 9. The Agreement executed by Debtor states the following in the last paragraph: “The parties have read this Agreement and agree to be bound by its terms and further agree that it constitutes the complete and exclusive statement of the Agreement between…”

Siam Numhong Prods. Co., Ltd. v. Eastimpex, 866 F. Supp. 445 (N.D. Cal. 1994). “Cal.Com.Code § 1103. SNH has produced evidence that Eastimpex orally agreed with SNH for SNH to can, store and ship 30,000 containers of wild bamboo shoots to Eastimpex at a certain price.”

Ld Mgmt. LLC v. First Repub. Bank, Inc. (D.N.J. 2022). · cites it 2× “§ 1 - 103(b); Cal. Com. Code § 1103 (b). Put differently, “the UCC does not displace the common law of tort as it affects parties in their commercial dealings except insofar as the common law would thwart the purposes of the code.”

Clancy v. Kane (In Re Bruce Farley Corp.), 26 B.R. 164 (S.D. Cal. 1981). “Cal.Comm.Code § 1103 (West 1964). Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that the decision of Bankruptcy Judge Katz be and hereby is affirmed.”

Niedermeier v. FCA US LLC (Cal. Ct. App. 2020). “) Moreover, “Commercial Code section 1103 provides that in general, ‘principles of law and equity .”

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