California Codes

Cal. Commercial Code § 9108 (2026)

General Provisions — Secured Transactions

✓ current as of May 2026
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(a)Except as otherwise provided in subdivisions (c), (d), and (e), a description of personal or real property is sufficient, whether or not it is specific, if it reasonably identifies what is described.

(b)Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (d), a description of collateral reasonably identifies the collateral if it identifies the collateral by any of the following:

(1)Specific listing.

(2)Category.

(3)Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (e), a type of collateral defined in this code.

(4)Quantity.

(5)Computational or allocational formula or procedure.

(6)Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (c), any other method, if the identity of the collateral is objectively determinable.

(c)A description of collateral as “all the debtor’s assets” or “all the debtor’s personal property” or using words of similar import does not reasonably identify the collateral.

(d)Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (e), a description of a security entitlement, securities account, or commodity account is sufficient if it describes either of the following:

(1)The collateral by those terms or as investment property.

(2)The underlying financial asset or commodity contract.

(e)A description only by type of collateral defined in this code is an insufficient description of either of the following:

(1)A commercial tort claim.

(2)In a consumer transaction, consumer goods, a security entitlement, a securities account, or a commodity account.

(f)A description of investment property collateral also shall meet the applicable requirements of Section 1799.103 of the Civil Code. A description of consumer goods also shall meet the applicable requirements of Section 1799.100 of the Civil Code.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 4 cases (2 in the last 5 years), 1999–2024 · leading case: In Re Gibson, 234 B.R. 776 (Bankr. N.D. Cal. 1999).
In Re Gibson, 234 B.R. 776 (Bankr. N.D. Cal. 1999). “Cal.Com.Code § 9108(l)(b) (West Supp. 1999).”
Chaves v. Modesto Livestock Com. Co. CA5 (Cal. Ct. App. 2021). · cites it 2× “( Cal. Com. Code §9108 (a).) The description reasonably identifies the collateral if it identifies it by either specific listing, category, type, quantity, formula or procedure, if the identity of the collateral is objectively determinable.”
21st Mortg. Corp. v. Hayes (N.D. Cal. 2024). “” Cal. Com. Code § 9108 (a). According to the parties’ agreement, 21st Mortgage’s 21 security interest is in “The Manufactured Home, which will be located at 631 Shadow Creek Dr, 22 San Jose, CA 95136.”
Christie Manson & Woods Ltd. v. Minor, 465 F. App'x 722 (9th Cir. 2012). “” Cal. Com.Code § 9108(a). Christie’s failed to present the requisite factual basis for an instruction under section 9203(b)(3)(A).”
Cal. Commercial Code § 9108(a): 1 case
Christie Manson & Woods Ltd. v. Minor, 465 F. App'x 722 (9th Cir. 2012). “” Cal. Com.Code § 9108(a). Christie’s failed to present the requisite factual basis for an instruction under section 9203(b)(3)(A).”
Cal. Commercial Code § 9108(c): 1 case
Chaves v. Modesto Livestock Com. Co. CA5 (Cal. Ct. App. 2021). “( Cal. Com. Code §9108 (a).) The description reasonably identifies the collateral if it identifies it by either specific listing, category, type, quantity, formula or procedure, if the identity of the collateral is objectively determinable.”
Cal. Commercial Code § 9108(l)(b): 1 case
In Re Gibson, 234 B.R. 776 (Bankr. N.D. Cal. 1999). “Cal.Com.Code § 9108(l)(b) (West Supp. 1999).”
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