Cal. Codes » Commercial Code / DIVISION 9. SECURED TRANSACTIONS / CHAPTER 3. Perfection and Priority
California Codes

Cal. Commercial Code § 9301 (2026)

Perfection and Priority

✓ leginfo export of Sept. 26, 2026 (applied Oct. 1, 2026)
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Except as otherwise provided in Sections 9303 to 9306.2, inclusive, the following rules determine the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in collateral:

(1)Except as otherwise provided in this section, while a debtor is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in collateral.

(2)While collateral is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a possessory security interest in that collateral.

(3)Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (4), while negotiable tangible documents, goods, instruments, or tangible money is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs all of the following:

(A)Perfection of a security interest in the goods by filing a fixture filing.

(B)Perfection of a security interest in timber to be cut.

(C)The effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a nonpossessory security interest in the collateral.

(4)The local law of the jurisdiction in which the wellhead or minehead is located governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in as-extracted collateral.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 11 cases, 1980–2020 · leading case: In re Pac. Sunwest Printing, 6 B.R. 408 (Bankr. S.D. Cal. 1980).
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In re Pac. Sunwest Printing, 6 B.R. 408 (Bankr. S.D. Cal. 1980). · cites it 3× “See Cal.Com.Code § 9301(3) (West). Owing to this, West-guard assumes the posture of an unsecured creditor with respect to the Solna 224.”
Simon v. Chrysler Credit Corp. (In Re Babaeian Transp. Co.), 206 B.R. 536 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 1997). · cites it 2× “Cal.Com.Code § 9301(1) (West Supp.1996). Pursuant to these statutory provisions, the trustee takes priority over Chrysler Financial, if Chrysler Financial’s security interests are unperfected.”
First Nat'l Bank in Anoka v. Minnesota Util. Contracting, Inc. (In Re Minnesota Util. Contracting, Inc.), 101 B.R. 72 (Bankr. D. Minn. 1989). “Cal.Com.Code § 9301(l)(b) (West); Mo.Rev.”
Aura Sys., Inc. v. Barovich (In Re Aura Sys., Inc.), 347 B.R. 720 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 2006). “The consequence of Aura’s location in Delaware is specified in California Commercial Code § 9301(1), also adopted in 2001, which provides in relevant part: “while a debtor is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection .”
Rechnitzer v. Boyd (In Re Exec. Growth Investments, Inc.), 40 B.R. 417 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 1984). “Cal.Comm.Code § 9301(l)(b) (West Supp. 1984).”
Allison v. Gate Elec., Inc. (In Re Mycro-Tek, Inc.), 191 B.R. 188 (Bankr. D. Kan. 1996). “Thus, the Bank’s security interest in Gate’s deposit account was perfected when the Bank and Gate entered into the security agreement.”
Pac. Express, Inc. v. Teknekron Infoswitch Corp., 780 F.2d 1482 (9th Cir. 1986). “See Cal.Com.Code § 9301(l)(b) (West 1985). California Com.”
Barovich v. Aura Sys., Inc., 286 F. App'x 446 (9th Cir. 2008). “530; Cal. Com.Code §§ 9301(1), 9307(e); 6 Del.”
De La Rochelle v. Woodbridge Grp. of Cos. (In re Woodbridge Grp. of Cos.), 593 B.R. 200 (Bankr. D. Del. 2018). “6, § 9-301 (1) ; Cal. Com. Code § 9301 (1) ("[W]hile a debtor is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in collateral.”
Hawaii Motorsports LLC, No. 1:20-bk-10006 (Bankr. D. Mont. Dec. 7, 2020). “Cal. Com. Code § 9301 (1); Mont. Code Ann.”
Braunstein v. Gateway Mgmt. Servs. Ltd. (In Re Coldwave Sys., LLC), 368 B.R. 91 (Bankr. D. Mass. 2007). “Cal. Comm.Code § 9301(1). Debtor is a Massachusetts limited liability company.”
Cal. Commercial Code § 9301(1): 4 cases
Simon v. Chrysler Credit Corp. (In Re Babaeian Transp. Co.), 206 B.R. 536 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 1997). “Cal.Com.Code § 9301(1) (West Supp.1996). Pursuant to these statutory provisions, the trustee takes priority over Chrysler Financial, if Chrysler Financial’s security interests are unperfected.”
Aura Sys., Inc. v. Barovich (In Re Aura Sys., Inc.), 347 B.R. 720 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 2006). “The consequence of Aura’s location in Delaware is specified in California Commercial Code § 9301(1), also adopted in 2001, which provides in relevant part: “while a debtor is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection .”
Barovich v. Aura Sys., Inc., 286 F. App'x 446 (9th Cir. 2008). “530; Cal. Com.Code §§ 9301(1), 9307(e); 6 Del.”
Braunstein v. Gateway Mgmt. Servs. Ltd. (In Re Coldwave Sys., LLC), 368 B.R. 91 (Bankr. D. Mass. 2007). “Cal. Comm.Code § 9301(1). Debtor is a Massachusetts limited liability company.”
Cal. Commercial Code § 9301(3): 2 cases
Simon v. Chrysler Credit Corp. (In Re Babaeian Transp. Co.), 206 B.R. 536 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 1997). “Cal.Com.Code § 9301(1) (West Supp.1996). Pursuant to these statutory provisions, the trustee takes priority over Chrysler Financial, if Chrysler Financial’s security interests are unperfected.”
In re Pac. Sunwest Printing, 6 B.R. 408 (Bankr. S.D. Cal. 1980). “See Cal.Com.Code § 9301(3) (West). Owing to this, West-guard assumes the posture of an unsecured creditor with respect to the Solna 224.”
Cal. Commercial Code § 9301(l)(b): 5 cases
In re Pac. Sunwest Printing, 6 B.R. 408 (Bankr. S.D. Cal. 1980). “See Cal.Com.Code § 9301(3) (West). Owing to this, West-guard assumes the posture of an unsecured creditor with respect to the Solna 224.”
First Nat'l Bank in Anoka v. Minnesota Util. Contracting, Inc. (In Re Minnesota Util. Contracting, Inc.), 101 B.R. 72 (Bankr. D. Minn. 1989). “Cal.Com.Code § 9301(l)(b) (West); Mo.Rev.”
Rechnitzer v. Boyd (In Re Exec. Growth Investments, Inc.), 40 B.R. 417 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 1984). “Cal.Comm.Code § 9301(l)(b) (West Supp. 1984).”
Allison v. Gate Elec., Inc. (In Re Mycro-Tek, Inc.), 191 B.R. 188 (Bankr. D. Kan. 1996). “Thus, the Bank’s security interest in Gate’s deposit account was perfected when the Bank and Gate entered into the security agreement.”
Pac. Express, Inc. v. Teknekron Infoswitch Corp., 780 F.2d 1482 (9th Cir. 1986). “See Cal.Com.Code § 9301(l)(b) (West 1985). California Com.”
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