At page 711 “arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.”149 citing cases
- Brown-Allen, No. 1:25-cv-01116 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 17, 2026).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Cooney, No. 2:24-cv-02687 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 14, 2025).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Miller Fam. Indus., Inc. v. Ives, No. 1:25-cv-02923 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 4, 2025).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a DISCUSSION Defendant argues that the Court should dismiss the complaint under the doctrine of forum non conveniens, for improper venue, or failure to state a claim for…)
- Jenkins v. Miller, No. 2:12-cv-00184 (D. Vt. Feb. 28, 2025).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Knablin v. Milford, No. 3:24-cv-00183 (D. Conn. Nov. 22, 2024).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Roberts v. Genting New York LLC, No. 1:14-cv-00257 (E.D.N.Y. July 17, 2024).([a]rguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief)
- Raymond v. Mitchell, No. 9:18-cv-01467 (N.D.N.Y. June 11, 2024).See, e.g., Brown v. Ionescu, 380 Fed. Appx. 71 , 72 n.1 (2d Cir. 2010) (summary order) (declining to reach arguments raised for the first time in a reply); Knipe v. Skinner, 999 F.2d 708, 710-11 (2d Cir. 1993) ("Arguments may not be made f…
- Robbs v. McCrystal, No. 23-6454 (2d Cir. Mar. 27, 2024).unpublished(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Errato v. Seder, No. 23-638, 2024 WL 726880 (2d Cir. Feb. 22, 2024).unpublished(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Shenzhen Lanteng Cyber Tech. Co., Ltd. v. Amazon.com Servs., LLC, No. 1:23-cv-00991, 2023 WL 6276691 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 26, 2023).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
Show 136 more citing cases
- Connecticut Fair Hous. Ctr v. CoreLogic Rental Prop. Solutions, LLC, No. 3:18-cv-00705 (D. Conn. July 20, 2023).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Jiaxing Leadown Fashion Co. Ltd. v. Lynn Brands LLC, No. 1:21-cv-00976 (S.D.N.Y. May 9, 2023).(Arguments may not be made for the first 16 time in a reply brief.)
- Hobson v. Kemper Indep. Ins. Co., No. 3:20-cv-00812 (D. Conn. Sept. 2, 2022).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Miro v. Bridgeport, No. 3:20-cv-00346 (D. Conn. Aug. 11, 2022).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Lopez v. Annucci, No. 6:17-cv-06305 (W.D.N.Y. July 27, 2022).([a]rguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief)
- Wang v. Omni Hotels Mgmt. Corp., 607 F. Supp. 3d 219 (D. Conn. 2022).published(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Bizelia v. Clinton Towers Mgmt., No. 1:20-cv-08065 (S.D.N.Y. May 31, 2022).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Columna v. Gomez, No. 1:19-cv-03801 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 14, 2022).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Shukla v. Deloitte Consulting LLP, No. 1:19-cv-10578 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 24, 2021).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Jaquez v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec., No. 1:19-cv-09994 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 30, 2020).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Pimentel v. Atrium Hosp. LP, No. 3:19-cv-01284 (D. Conn. Sept. 8, 2020).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- New York State Vegetable Growers Ass'n Inc. v. Cuomo, 474 F. Supp. 3d 572 (W.D.N.Y. 2020).published(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Crescent Beach Club LLC v. Indian Harbor Ins. Co., 468 F. Supp. 3d 515 (E.D.N.Y. 2020).published(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Smart Team Global LLC v. Humbletech LLC, No. 1:19-cv-04873-AJN-BCM (S.D.N.Y. June 1, 2020).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Wallace v. Sharp, No. 3:19-cv-00391 (D. Conn. Mar. 26, 2020).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Maidenbaum v. Fischman, No. 2:18-cv-02911 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 25, 2020).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Fair Hous. Just. Ctr., Inc. v. Cuomo, No. 1:18-cv-03196, 2019 WL 4805550 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 30, 2019).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Axiom Inv. Advisors, LLC ex rel. Gildor Mgmt., LLC v. Deutsche Bank AG, 234 F. Supp. 3d 526 (S.D.N.Y. 2017).published(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Harrison v. Repub. of Sudan, 838 F.3d 86 (2d Cir. 2016).published(Arguments may not be made for, the first time in a reply brief.)
- 1546-Cv (2d Cir. 2015).published(It is true that the reply brief does 3 ‘reply’ to arguments made by appellees in their answering brief. The fact that 4 appellees felt compelled to address the merits out of caution does not, however, 5 broaden the app…)
- Dean v. Univ. at Buffalo Sch. of Med. & Biomedical Sciences, 804 F.3d 178 (2d Cir. 2015).published
- E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. v. Kolon Indus., Inc., 847 F. Supp. 2d 843 (E.D. Va. 2012).publishedSee Headrick v. Rockwell Int’l Corp., 24 F.3d 1272, 1278 (10th Cir. 1994) (noting the unfairness to the opposing party and to the Court of allowing new arguments in a reply brief) (quoting Herbert v. National Academy of Sciences, 974 F.2d…
- DeFabio v. East Hampton Union Free Sch. Dist., 623 F.3d 71 (2d Cir. 2010).published(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Miller Fam. Indus., Inc. v. Ives, No. 1:25-cv-02923 (S.D.N.Y. July 10, 2025).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Singh v. Sachem Cent. Sch. Dist., No. 2:20-cv-00146 (E.D.N.Y. June 6, 2025).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Williams v. Suffolk Cnty., 284 F. Supp. 3d 275 (E.D.N.Y. 2018).published(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Cadoret v. Sikorsky Aircraft Corp., 323 F. Supp. 3d 319 (D. Conn. 2018).published(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Jenkins, No. 1:21-cv-03722 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 15, 2026).“Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief”
- Shokrian, No. 1:26-cv-01277 (N.D.N.Y. Aug. 11, 2026).“Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief”
- Alston v. Franco, No. 24-2521 (2d Cir. July 28, 2026).unpublishedWe decline to consider issues “raised for the first time in a reply brief.” See ABN Amro Verzekeringen BV v. Geologistics Ams., Inc., 485 F.3d 85 , 97 n.12 (2d Cir. 2007); Knipe v. Skinner, 999 F.2d 708, 711 (2d Cir. 1993).
- Insalaco, No. 1:26-cv-04340 (S.D.N.Y. July 28, 2026).For that reason, “new arguments may not be made in a reply brief.” Ernst Haas Studio, Inc. v. Palm Press, Inc., 164 F.3d 110, 112 (2d Cir. 1999) (citing Knipe v. Skinner, 999 F.2d 708, 711 (2d Cir. 1993)); see also Banco San Juan Internaci…
- Desposati, No. 3:25-cv-01896 (D. Conn. July 28, 2026).Conn. 2022) (“A party cannot raise an issue for the first time in a reply brief.”); Knipe v. Skinner, 999 F.2d 708, 711 (2d Cir. 1993) (same).
- In Re: Kwok, No. 3:24-cv-01185 (D. Conn. Sept. 11, 2025).While it is not generally permissible to raise issues for the first time in a reply brief, see Knipe v. Skinner, 999 F.2d 708, 711 (2d Cir. 1993), the Court concludes that the Bankruptcy Court did not abuse its discretion in sustaining the…
- Martin v. Integon Nat'l Ins. Co, No. 3:22-cv-00736 (D. Conn. July 15, 2025).(collecting cases)
- Luxottica Grp. SPA v. Qatabi, LLC, No. 3:24-cv-02010 (D. Conn. Apr. 4, 2025).“[a]rguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief”
- Foley v. Union De Banques Arabes Et Francaises, No. 1:22-cv-01682 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 31, 2025).“[a]rguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief”
- Naclerio v. DocGo Inc., No. 1:23-cv-09476 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 28, 2025).(stating that “[a]rguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief” (emphasis added))
- RH9 Grp., LLC v. Alon Zakaim Fine Art Ltd., No. 1:22-cv-09399 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 10, 2025).Feb. 23, 2022) (citing Connecticut Bar Ass’n v. United States, 620 F.3d 81 , 91 n.13 (2d Cir. 2010); Knipe v. Skinner, 999 F.2d 708, 711 (2d Cir. 1993)).
- Rothman v. Complete Packaging & Shipping Supplies, Inc., No. 2:22-cv-02821, 2024 WL 4350433 (E.D.N.Y. Sept. 30, 2024).As a general rule, “[i]t is well-established that ‘[a]rguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.’” Zirogiannis v. Seterus, Inc., 221 F. Supp. 3d 292, 298 (E.D.N.Y. 2016) (quoting Knipe v. Skinner, 999 F.2d 708, 711 (2d C…
- Riverkeeper, Inc. v. Collins, 359 F.3d 156 (2d Cir. 2004).published
- Gallop v. Cheney, 660 F.3d 580 (2d Cir. 2011).published
- Singh v. Holder, 473 F. App'x 60 (2d Cir. 2012).unpublished
- United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, 17 F.3d 580 (2d Cir. 1994).unpublished
- Samuel Frank, Plaintiff-Appellee-Cross-Appellant v. United States of Am., Defendant-Appellant-Cross-Appellee, 78 F.3d 815 (2d Cir. 1996).published
- In Re Jc's East, Inc., Doing Bus. as Lolabelle, Debtor, Jc's East, Inc. v. Susan Traub & Murray Traub, 84 F.3d 527 (2d Cir. 1996).published
- The Ernst Haas Studio, Inc., Plaintiff-Appellant/cross-Appellee v. Palm Press, Inc., Defendant-Appellee/cross-Appellant, 164 F.3d 110 (2d Cir. 1999).published
- Kathryn Strom v. Goldman, Sachs & Co. & Goldman, Sachs & Co. Supplemental Life Ins. Plan, 202 F.3d 138 (2d Cir. 1999).published
- In Re: Jerasimos Papapanayotou, Esq., Jerasimos Papapanayotou, Esq. v. Jeffrey Sapir, Esq., as Chapter 7 Tr., 218 F.3d 109 (2d Cir. 2000).published
- Jane M. Booking v. Gen. Star Mgmt. Co. & Gen. Star Indem. Co., 254 F.3d 414 (2d Cir. 2001).published
- United States v. Andrew Crispo, 306 F.3d 71 (2d Cir. 2002).published
- Edward John McCarthy v. Sec. & Exch. Comm'n, 406 F.3d 179 (2d Cir. 2005).published
- Jp Morgan Chase Bank v. Altos Hornos De Mexico, S.A. De C v. Docket No. 04-0450-Cv, 412 F.3d 418 (2d Cir. 2005).published
- Gregson Joseph v. Michael O. Leavitt, Sec'y of Dep't of Health & Human Servs., Docket No. 05-3348-Cv, 465 F.3d 87 (2d Cir. 2006).published
- Playboy Enter., Inc. v. Dumas, 960 F. Supp. 710 (S.D.N.Y. 1997).published
- DSND Subsea AS v. Oceanografia, S.A. De CV, 569 F. Supp. 2d 339 (S.D.N.Y. 2008).published
- Mock v. United States, 632 F. Supp. 2d 323 (S.D.N.Y. 2009).published
- Shanks v. Vill. of Catskill Bd. of Trs., 653 F. Supp. 2d 158 (N.D.N.Y. 2009).published
- Matera v. Native Eyewear, Inc., 355 F. Supp. 2d 680 (E.D.N.Y. 2005).published
- Urmey v. At & T Corp., 438 F. Supp. 2d 369 (S.D.N.Y. 2006).published
- United States v. Basciano, 763 F. Supp. 2d 303 (E.D.N.Y. 2011).published
- Malay v. City of Syracuse, 638 F. Supp. 2d 303 (N.D.N.Y. 2009).published
- Kennedy v. St. Francis Hosp., 225 F. Supp. 2d 128 (D. Conn. 2002).published
- Reisha Simpson v. City of New York, 793 F.3d 259 (2d Cir. 2015).published
- Whelehan v. Bank of Am. Pension Plan for Legacy Companies-Fleet-Traditional Benefit, 621 F. App'x 70 (2d Cir. 2015).unpublished
- Diaz v. United States, 633 F. App'x 551 (2d Cir. 2015).unpublished
- State of New York v. U.S. Dep't of Just., 964 F.3d 150 (2d Cir. 2020).published
- United States v. Daugerdas, No. 21-605 (2d Cir. Jan. 31, 2022).unpublished
- Torrington Extend-A-Care Emp. Ass'n v. Nat'l Labor Relations Bd., 17 F.3d 580 (2d Cir. 1994).published
- Cooper v. Parsky, 140 F.3d 433 (2d Cir. 1998).published
- T & T Gunnery & Range, Inc. v. Inc. Vill. of Floral Park, 50 F. App'x 41 (2d Cir. 2002).unpublished
- In re Libor-Based Fin. Instruments Antitrust Litig., 27 F. Supp. 3d 447 (S.D.N.Y. 2014).published
- Levy v. Young Adult Inst., Inc., 103 F. Supp. 3d 426 (S.D.N.Y. 2015).published
- Cruz v. Zucker, 116 F. Supp. 3d 334 (S.D.N.Y. 2015).published
- Corpes v. Walsh Constr. Co., 130 F. Supp. 3d 638 (D. Conn. 2015).published
- Zirogiannis v. Seterus, Inc., 221 F. Supp. 3d 292 (E.D.N.Y. 2016).published
- Sec. Inv. Prot. Corp. v. Bernard L. Madoff Inv. Sec. LLC, 563 B.R. 737 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2017).published
- DVL, Inc. v. Gen. Elec. Co., 811 F. Supp. 2d 579 (N.D.N.Y. 2010).published
- Buffalo Teachers Fed'n v. Tobe, 852 F. Supp. 2d 344 (W.D.N.Y. 2012).published
- Ruane v. Cnty. of Suffolk, 923 F. Supp. 2d 454 (E.D.N.Y. 2013).published
- Burns v. Dep't of Pub. Saf., 973 F. Supp. 2d 141 (D. Conn. 2013).published
- Nuss v. Sabad, 976 F. Supp. 2d 231 (N.D.N.Y. 2013).published
- Bravia Capital Partners, Inc. v. Fike, 296 F.R.D. 136 (S.D.N.Y. 2013).published
- Schear v. Food Scope Am., Inc., 297 F.R.D. 114 (S.D.N.Y. 2014).published
- Sec. & Exch. Comm'n v. Yorkville Advisors, LLC, 300 F.R.D. 152 (S.D.N.Y. 2014).published
- Mitre Sports Int'l Ltd. v. Home Box Off., Inc., 304 F.R.D. 369 (S.D.N.Y. 2015).published
- Murillo v. A Better Way Wholesale Autos, Inc., No. 3:17-cv-01883 (D. Conn. July 15, 2019).
- Amara v. CIGNA Corp, No. 3:01-cv-02361 (D. Conn. Jan. 10, 2020).
- Gorss Motels Inc. v. Sprint Commc'ns Co., L.P., No. 3:17-cv-00546 (D. Conn. Mar. 19, 2020).
- Worth v. Picard, No. 3:21-cv-00432 (D. Conn. Nov. 22, 2021).
- Tompkins v. Pullen, No. 3:22-cv-00339, 2022 WL 3212368 (D. Conn. Aug. 9, 2022).
- Hill v. Saul, No. 3:21-cv-00944 (D. Conn. Sept. 13, 2022).
- Doe v. East Lyme Bd. Of Educ., No. 3:11-cv-00291 (D. Conn. Jan. 5, 2023).
- Kalashnikov v. Myfield Lane Homeowners' Ass'n, Inc., No. 3:20-cv-01018 (D. Conn. Feb. 9, 2023).
- Rodowicz v. Stein, No. 3:20-cv-00710 (D. Conn. Feb. 13, 2023).
- Hurd v. City of New York, No. 1:18-cv-03704 (E.D.N.Y. Sept. 26, 2019).
- Miranda v. South Country Cent. Sch. Dist., 461 F. Supp. 3d 17 (E.D.N.Y. 2020).published
- Coughlan v. Jachney, 473 F. Supp. 3d 166 (E.D.N.Y. 2020).published
- Miranda v. South Country Cent. Sch. Dist., No. 2:20-cv-00104 (E.D.N.Y. July 27, 2020).
- Sharpe v. A & W Concentrate Co., 481 F. Supp. 3d 94 (E.D.N.Y. 2020).published
- Lukic v. Elezovic, No. 1:20-cv-03110 (E.D.N.Y. Feb. 9, 2021).
- Wright v. Bell, No. 2:18-cv-02222 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 17, 2021).
- Madorskaya v. Frontline Asset Strategies, LLC, No. 1:19-cv-00895 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 31, 2021).
- State of New York v. P.A. Indus., Inc., No. 2:17-cv-01146 (E.D.N.Y. Sept. 13, 2022).
- Alvarez v. Experian Info. Solutions, Inc., 661 F. Supp. 3d 18 (E.D.N.Y. 2023).published
- Boffa v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec., No. 1:20-cv-02632 (E.D.N.Y. July 15, 2023).
- Barrows v. Brinker Restaurant Corp., No. 5:19-cv-00144 (N.D.N.Y. Mar. 30, 2020).
- Miner-Vargas v. Wal-Mart Assocs., Inc., No. 1:20-cv-00591 (N.D.N.Y. Mar. 18, 2021).
- Miller v. Syracuse Univ., 662 F. Supp. 3d 338 (N.D.N.Y. 2023).published
- First Capital Real Est. Investments, L.L.C. v. SDDCO Brokerage Advisors, LLC, No. 1:18-cv-02013 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 21, 2020).
- Wiltz v. New York Univ., No. 1:19-cv-03406 (S.D.N.Y. Feb. 10, 2020).
- Musiello v. CBS Corp., No. 1:20-cv-02569 (S.D.N.Y. June 5, 2020).
- Girotto v. LXC Inc., No. 1:19-cv-02858 (S.D.N.Y. June 18, 2020).
- Galli v. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Notice/Severance Policy As Amended & Restated Effective February 1, 2011, No. 1:19-cv-07224 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 11, 2020).
- Perry Street Software, Inc. v. Jedi Tech., Inc., No. 1:20-cv-04539 (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 23, 2020).
- Arenson Off. Furnishings, Inc. v. Kopelman, No. 1:20-cv-10497, 2021 WL 1758806 (S.D.N.Y. May 4, 2021).
- Antolini v. McCloskey, No. 1:19-cv-09038 (S.D.N.Y. July 20, 2021).
- Antolini v. McCloskey, No. 1:19-cv-09038 (S.D.N.Y. July 26, 2021).
- Torres v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec., No. 1:20-cv-02612 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 14, 2021).
- The Clementine Co., LLC v. De Blasio, No. 1:21-cv-07779, 2021 WL 5756398 (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 3, 2021).
- In Re: Second Wave IBM Arbitration Agreement Litig., No. 1:21-cv-09574 (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 14, 2021).
- The Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre, New York v. Arrowood Indem. Co., No. 1:20-cv-11011 (S.D.N.Y. Feb. 23, 2022).
- Caliko, SA v. Finn & Emma, LLC, No. 1:21-cv-03849 (S.D.N.Y. Feb. 28, 2022).
- Pearlstein v. Blackberry Ltd., No. 1:13-cv-07060 (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2022).
- Watson v. Manhattan Luxury Automobiles, Inc. d/b/a Lexus Of Manhattan, No. 1:20-cv-04572 (S.D.N.Y. May 3, 2022).
- BS BIG V, LLC. v. Philadelphia Indem. Ins. Co., No. 1:19-cv-04273, 2022 WL 4181823 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 13, 2022).
- Manasy Hardy Ravelombonjy v. Zinsou-Fatimabay, 632 F. Supp. 3d 239 (S.D.N.Y. 2022).published
- Iraq Telecom Ltd. v. IBL Bank S.A.L., No. 1:21-cv-10940 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 2, 2022).
- Spectrum Dynamics Med. Ltd. v. Gen. Elec. Co., No. 1:18-cv-11386 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 4, 2022).
- Wilmington Trust, Nat'l Ass'n v. Rafiq, No. 1:22-cv-06177 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 26, 2023).
- Suazo v. Ocean Network Express (North Am.), Inc., No. 1:20-cv-02016 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 5, 2024).
- Hayvin Gaming, LLC v. Workinman Interactive, LLC, No. 6:23-cv-06172 (W.D.N.Y. May 24, 2024).
- Orlando v. Kraft Heinz Co., No. 3:22-cv-01636 (D. Conn. Sept. 27, 2024).
- Kwoka v. DAngelo, No. 1:24-cv-02246 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 5, 2024).
- Vergara, No. 2:21-cv-06667 (E.D.N.Y. Sept. 18, 2026).
- Donna Browe v. CTC Corp., 15 F.4th 175 (2d Cir. 2021).published
- Williamson v. Amica Mut. Ins. Co., No. 3:23-cv-01203 (D. Conn. June 30, 2025).
At page 710 Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.11 citing cases
- Raymond v. Mitchell, No. 9:18-cv-01467 (N.D.N.Y. June 11, 2024).(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. v. Kolon Indus., Inc., 847 F. Supp. 2d 843 (E.D. Va. 2012).published(Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief.)
- Kenneth A. Bellows v. Samuel K. Skinner, Sec'y, Dep't of Transp. James B. Busey Iv, Adm'r, Fed. Aviation Admin. J. Dean McGrath Jr., Acting Gen. Couns., Dep't of Transp. Neil R. Eisner, Assistant Gen. Couns., Dep't of Transp. Kenneth P. Quinn, Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Gregory S. Walden, Former Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. E. Tazewell Ellett, Former Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Daniel D. Campbell, Gen. Couns., Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd. John M. Stuhldreher, Former Gen. Couns., Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd. John H. Cassady, Deputy Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Donald P. Byrne, Assistant Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Peter J. Lynch, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Mardi R. Thompson, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Karen R. Bury, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Joseph A. Conte, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Harry S. Gold, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. John C. Curry, Assistant Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Donald H. Boberick, Former Reg'l Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Leland S. Edwards Jr., Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Delinda Wall, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin., Dane T. Roundtree v. Samuel K. Skinner, Sec'y, Dep't of Transp. James B. Busey Iv, Adm'r, Fed. Aviation Admin. C. Dean McGrath Jr., Acting Gen. Couns., Dep't of Transp. Neil R. Eisner, Assistant Gen. Couns., Dep't of Transp. Kenneth P. Quinn, Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Gregory S. Walden, Former Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Daniel D. Campbell, Gen. Couns., Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd. John M. Stuhldreher, Former Gen. Couns., Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd. John H. Cassady, Deputy Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Donald P. Byrne, Assistant Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Peter J. Lynch, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Mardi R. Thompson, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Karen R. Bury, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Joseph A. Conte, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Harry S. Gold, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. John C. Curry, Assistant Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Delinda L. Wall, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Donald E. Borey, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Howard L. Martin Jr., Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Frank L. Cunningham, Former Off., Fed. Aviation Admin. Thomas S. Westall, Former Off., Fed. Aviation Admin. C. Jonathan Tamplin, Inspector, Fed. Aviation Admin. James E. McCoy Inspector, Fed. Aviation Admin. John R. Hallinan, Inspector, Fed. Aviation Admin. Paul Steucke, an Off., Fed. Aviation Admin., in Re Lawrence B. Smith, Attorney for Rule 11 Sanctions, Kenneth A. Bellows v. Samuel K. Skinner, Sec'y, Dep't of Transp. James B. Busey Iv, Adm'r, Fed. Aviation Admin. J. Dean McGrath Jr., Acting Gen. Couns., Dep't of Transp. Neil R. Eisner, Assistant Gen. Couns., Dep't of Transp. Kenneth P. Quinn, Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Gregory S. Walden, Former Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. E. Tazewell Ellett, Former Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Daniel D. Campbell, Gen. Couns., Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd. John M. Stuhldreher, Former Gen. Couns., Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd. John H. Cassady, Deputy Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Donald P. Byrne, Assistant Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Peter J. Lynch, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Mardi R. Thompson, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Karen R. Bury, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Joseph A. Conte, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Harry S. Gold, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. John C. Curry, Assistant Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Donald H. Boberick, Former Reg'l Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Leland S. Edwards Jr., Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Delinda Wall, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin., Dane T. Roundtree v. Samuel K. Skinner, Sec'y, Dep't of Transp. James B. Busey Iv, Adm'r, Fed. Aviation Admin. C. Dean McGrath Jr., Acting Gen. Couns., Dep't of Transp. Neil R. Eisner, Assistant Gen. Couns., Dep't of Transp. Kenneth P. Quinn, Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Gregory S. Walden, Former Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Daniel D. Campbell, Gen. Couns., Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd. John M. Stuhldreher, Former Gen. Couns., Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd. John H. Cassady, Deputy Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Donald P. Byrne, Assistant Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Peter J. Lynch, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Mardi R. Thompson, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Karen R. Bury, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Joseph A. Conte, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Harry S. Gold, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. John C. Curry, Assistant Chief Couns., Fed. Aviation Admin. Delinda L. Wall, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Donald E. Borey, Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Howard L. Martin Jr., Lawyer, Fed. Aviation Admin. Frank L. Cunningham, Former Off., Fed. Aviation Admin. Thomas S. Westall, Former Off., Fed. Aviation Admin. C. Jonathan Tamplin, Inspector, Fed. Aviation Admin. James E. McCoy Inspector, Fed. Aviation Admin. John R. Hallinan, Inspector, Fed. Aviation Admin. Paul Steucke, an Off., Fed. Aviation Admin., 28 F.3d 104 (9th Cir. 1994).unpublished
- Graham v. Henderson, 89 F.3d 75 (2d Cir. 1996).published
- Riverkeeper, Inc. v. Collins, 359 F.3d 156 (2d Cir. 2004).published
- Falbaum v. Leslie Fay Companies, Inc. (In Re Leslie Fay Companies, Inc.), 222 B.R. 718 (S.D.N.Y. 1998).published
- Carbonell v. Acrish, 154 F. Supp. 2d 552 (S.D.N.Y. 2001).published
- Henderson v. Commissioners of Barnstable, 730 N.E.2d 362 (Mass. App. Ct. 2000).published
- Tran v. Tran, 67 F. App'x 40 (2d Cir. 2003).unpublished
Other citing cases
- Shariff v. Goord, No. 6:05-cv-06504 (W.D.N.Y. Apr. 28, 2025).
v.
Samuel K. SKINNER, Secretary, Department of Transportation James B. Busey, IV, Administrator, FAA C. Dean McGrath, Jr., Acting General Counsel, Department of Transportation Neil R. Eisner, Assistant General Counsel, Department of Transportation Kenneth P. Quinn, Chief Counsel, FAA Gregory S. Walden, Former Chief Counsel, FAA Daniel D. Campbell, General Counsel, National Transportation Safety Board John M. Stuhldreher, Former General Counsel, National Transportation Safety Board John H. Cassady, Deputy Chief Counsel, FAA Donald P. Byrne, Assistant Chief Counsel, FAA Peter J. Lynch, Lawyer, FAA Mardi R. Thompson, Lawyer, FAA Karen R. Bury, Lawyer, FAA Joseph A. Conte, Lawyer, FAA Harry S. Gold, Lawyer, FAA Loretta E. Alkalay, Assistant Chief Counsel, FAA Randy E. Hyman, Lawyer, FAA Brunhilda Sanders-Lane, Lawyer, FAA Daniel J. Peterson, Regional Director, FAA Thomas Accardi, Official, FAA Nicholas A. Sabatini, Official, FAA Charles G. O'Neill, Official, FAA Roy E. Johnsen, Former Official, FAA Marinus "Rene" Koch, Inspector, FAA Robert E. Martin, Official, FAA George Murgitroyde, Official, FAA Marc Pandeloglou, Official, FAA Robert D. Murchland, Inspector, FAA Edward Harahush, Inspector, FAA, Lawrence B. Smith
Richard X. Knipe, Glenn A. Valentine, and Bernard C. Ford appeal from Judge McA-voy’s order dismissing their complaint. We affirm. Counsel for appellants is ordered to show cause why he should not pay double costs and fees pursuant to Fed.R.App.P. 38 for bringing a frivolous appeal.
Knipe was owner and operator of Mall Airways, Inc., a commuter airline based in Albany, New York. Valentine and Ford were managers of the airline. During 1988, the Federal Aviation Administration (“FAA”) investigated the airline for compliance with federal aviation safety requirements. After conducting base and special investigations, the FAA determined that the airline was violating .emergency safety requirements. The agency threatened a certificate action against Mall Airways and closed it for approximately two months until it complied With those requirements. The FAA also sought unsuccessfully to revoke Valentine’s and Ford’s FAA-issued Airline Transport Pilot certificates and to charge Knipe with civil penalties for the safety violations. See 49 U.S.C. app. §§ 1429(a) (amending, suspending or revoking certificates), 1471(a)(1) (imposing penalties).
Appellants brought the instant action against thirty-one present and former federal officials of the FAA, Department of Transportation, and National Transportation Safety Board in their individual capacities, (“appellees”) seeking damages under Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents, 403 U.S. 388, 91 S.Ct. 1999, 29 L.Ed.2d 619 (1971), and its progeny for alleged violations of the Fifth and Sixth Amendments of the Constitution. Essentially, appellants sued appellees for enforcing the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, 72 Stat. 731, as amended, 49 U.S.C.App. § 1301 et seq. (“the Act”), which appellants contend is unconstitutional.
Appellees filed a motion to dismiss under Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(2), (b)(5), (b)(6). Judge McAvoy granted the motion, rejecting each of -appellants’ nineteen claims for reasons stated in an opinion dictated from the bench. He held, inter alia, that the officers had statutory or regulatory authority for their actions, those actions fell within the scope of that authority, the Act met due process requirements, and the Fifth and Sixth Amendments had not been violated. Appellants then brought the instant appeal.
Pursuant to Fed.R.App.P. 28(a)(3), the brief submitted by appellant’s counsel contained the following “Statement of Issues.”
[*710] Was dismissal of plaintiffs’ complaint an abuse of discretion by the District Judge and were plaintiffs’ rights to procedural due process violated because:
(a) Defendants motion to dismiss was. made without specific arguments (with some general exceptions) addressed to the merits of each carefully detailed cause of action, thus depriving plaintiffs of the opportunity to properly respond and defend each?
(b) The District Judge at oral argument dictated from the bench a lengthy opinion — as of this date not yet distributed— which did deal (we think) with the merits of each specific cause of action, evidently ruling each had no validity, and by so doing, himself, become an advocate and leaving plaintiffs with no way to respond or rebut?
Notably absent from the Statement of Issues was any statement concerning whether the district court’s decision was correct or incorrect on the merits. Faithful to the Statement of Issues, appellants’ main brief argued that the papers submitted to the district court in support of appellees’ motion to dismiss lacked sufficient particularity because they purportedly did no more than list various decisions rejecting similar claims.[1] Appellants argue that this lack of specificity left them unable to respond. This argument is entirely frivolous. There is no constitutionally protected right to have one’s opponent file a specific brief. Much less is there a right to a reversal of a judgment dismissing a complaint pursuant to Rule 12 absent some claim that the dismissal was wrong on the merits.
Moreover, the argument is without basis in fact. Examination of the proceedings in the district court reveals that appellees’ brief in support of their motion addressed each of appellants’ various claims individually. Moreover, four of the precedents cited in appellees’ brief were court of appeals’ decisions in which counsel for appellants in the instant case had brought similar or identical claims and lost. See, e.g., Rodina v. National Transp. Safety Bd., 929 F.2d 13 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 112 S.Ct. 305, 116 L.Ed.2d 248 (1991); Tearney v. National Transp. Safety Bd., 868 F.2d 1451 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 937, 110 S.Ct. 333, 107 L.Ed.2d 322 (1989); Komjathy v. National Transp. Safety Bd., 832 F.2d 1294 (D.C.Cir.1987) (per curiam), cert. denied, 486 U.S. 1057, 108 S.Ct. 2825, 100 L.Ed.2d 926 (1988); Go Leasing, Inc. v. National Transp. Safety Bd., 800 F.2d 1514 (9th Cir.1986). Counsel for appellants cannot seriously claim surprise concerning the ample grounds supporting a motion to dismiss in light of the legal, education he has received in four different circuits.
We also reject as meritless appellants’ allegation that Judge McAvoy acted as an “advocate.” Nothing in the record suggests that the judge did anything but give an objective and fair-minded appraisal of the merits of the complaint. Nor is there any impropriety in his delivering an oral opinion on the record. If counsel had difficulty in obtaining a transcript of that decision before his appellate brief was due, he could have moved in this court for the necessary extension of time. (He appears to have obtained one extension from staff counsel but then failed to pursue the matter.)
The reply brief contained arguments on the merits that addressed Judge MeA-voy’s dismissal of the complaint and included some that were not even made in the district[*711] court. Arguments may not be made for the first time in a reply brief. For example, in N.L.R.B. v. Star Color Plate Serv., 843 F.2d 1507 (2d Cir.1988), we rejected an attempt “to raise [an issue] for the first time in [a] reply brief’ even though the issue had been raised in a previous proceeding. Id. at 1510 n. 3. We stated that the “failure to present this claim in [the] original brief before this court provides [a] ground under Fed.R.App.P. 28(a)(2) for our refusal to hear this claim.” Id.; see also Bendix Autolite Corp. v. Midwesco Enters. Inc., 486 U.S. 888, 893-97, 108 S.Ct. 2218, 2222-23, 100 L.Ed.2d 896 (1988) (refusing to evaluate an argument the Sixth Circuit refused to consider because first raised in reply brief); Lee v. Burkhart, 991 F.2d 1004, 1010 n. 4 (2d Cir.1993) (declining to consider plaintiffs allegation raised for first time in reply brief); Amoco Overseas Oil Co. v. Compagnie Nationale Algerienne de Navigation, 605 F.2d 648, 653 n. 3 (2d Cir.1979). Other circuits similarly refuse to consider issues that have not been argued in the opening appellate brief. See, e.g., United States v. Jenkins, 904 F.2d 549, 554 n. 3 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 962, 111 S.Ct. 395, 112 L.Ed.2d 404 (1990); Duggan v. Board of Educ. of E. Chicago Heights, 818 F.2d 1291, 1293 (7th Cir.1987).
It is true that the reply brief does “reply” to arguments made by appellees in their answering brief. The fact that appellees felt compelled to address the merits out of caution does not, however, broaden the appellants’ Statement of Issues. For this reason, we strike the reply brief as irrelevant under the Statement of Issues.
Because we believe this appeal to be frivolous, we sua sponte order counsel for appellants to show cause why he should not pay double costs and fees under Rule 38. See Farino v. Walshe, 938 F.2d 6, 8 (2d Cir.1991); DeLuca v. Long Island Lighting Co., 862 F.2d 427, 429-30 (2d Cir.1988). Because the frivolous nature of this appeal is due to counsel, he should bear sole liability for the sanctions. See In re Hartford Textile Corp., 659 F.2d 299, 303-06 (2d Cir.1981) (per curiam), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 1018, 102 S.Ct. 1714, 72 L.Ed.2d 136 (1982); United States v. Potamkin Cadillac Corp., 689 F.2d 379, 381-82 (2d Cir.1982) (per curiam). Counsel has thirty days from the date of this opinion to file a written statement concerning the propriety of sanctions.
Affirmed. Counsel is ordered to show cause why he should not be sanctioned pursuant to Fed.R.App. 38.
The only paragraph of the brief that resembled a defense of the complaint on the merits was the following:
Examples of the problem — The Twelfth Cause of Action does not depend upon any part of the FAA enforcement program, for instance, for failure to have a rule, but simply alleges that in their action threatening Mall Airways with emergency revocation, the officials involved violated the agency's own rules. The Thirteenth is based on the same principle. The FAA Administrator must specifically delegate his authority, and the allegation is that no such delegation was made to the inspector, the eminence grise, who made the threats. This violated the Federal Aviation Act. In the Seventeenth, appointing this same inspector as team leader of a special inspection team, which put him in the position to make his threats, violated strict agency rules about the use of such teams.
Brief for the Appellants 11-12 (citations and emphasis omitted).