available defense (Florida) · Go Syfert
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available defense in Florida

40 Florida opinions name it 2 courts 1894–2019 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Florida courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (27)

CaseFollowedCited
Grosvenor v. Stategreen
fla · 2004 · cited in 4 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2006–2019
2 sentences

2009Second, “[a] defendant who has pleaded guilty who claims that defense counsel was ineffective for failing to advise of an available defense establishes Strickland’s prejudice prong by demonstrating a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s errors, the defendant would not have pleaded guilty and would have insisted on going to trial.” Grosvenor, 874 So.2d at 1181 .

2009Second, "[a] defendant who has pleaded guilty who claims that defense counsel was ineffective for failing to advise of an available defense establishes Strickland's prejudice prong by demonstrating a reasonable probability that, but for counsel's errors, the defendant would not have pleaded guilty and would have insisted on going to trial." Grosvenor, 874 So.2d at 1181 .

34
State v. Huntergreen
fla · 1991 · cited in 5 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1992–2010
2 sentences

2010“When a middleman, not a state agent, induces another person to engage in a crime, entrapment is not an available defense.” State v. Hunter, 586 So.2d 319, 322 (Fla.1991).

1997"When a middleman, not a state agent, induced another person to engage in a crime, entrapment is not an available defense." Id.

25
Lewis v. City of New Orleansgreen
scotus · 1974 · cited in 2 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
2 sentences

1995It is just as clear that the statements did not fall within the only available exception to the rule of constitutional protectability; that is, because they neither “inflict[ed] injury nor tend[ed] to incite an immediate breach of the peace,” they were not “fighting words.” Hill, 482 U.S. at 461-62 , 107 S.Ct. at 2509-10 , 96 L.Ed.2d at 412 (quoting Lewis v. City of New Orleans, 415 U.S. 130, 133 , 94 S.Ct. 970, 972 , 39 L.Ed.2d 214, 219 (1974)).

1995It is just as clear that the statements did not fall within the only available exception to the rule of constitutional protectability; that is, because they neither “inflict[ed] injury nor tend[ed] to incite an immediate breach of the peace,” they were not “fighting words.” Hill, 482 U.S. at 461-62 , 107 S.Ct. at 2509-10 , 96 L.Ed.2d at 412 (quoting Lewis v. City of New Orleans, 415 U.S. 130, 133 , 94 S.Ct. 970, 972 , 39 L.Ed.2d 214, 219 (1974)).

22
State v. Garciagreen
fladistctapp · 1988 · cited in 3 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1991–1992
2 sentences

1992State v. Krajewski, 589 So.2d 254 (Fla.1991). 1 We find this case governed by that portion of the Hunter opinion which holds that “[w]hen a middleman, not a state agent, induces another person to engage in a crime, entrapment is not an available defense.” State v. Hunter, 586 So.2d at 322 , citing to State v. Garcia, 528 So.2d 76 (Fla. 2d DCA), rev. den., 536 So.2d 244 (Fla.1988); Acosta v. State, 411 So.2d 9 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985); State v. Perez, 438 So.2d 436 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983).

1992"When a middleman, not a state agent, induces another person to engage in a crime, entrapment is not an available defense." State v. Hunter, 586 So.2d 319 (Fla. 1991); see also State v. Garcia, 528 So.2d 76 (Fla. 2d DCA), rev. denied, 536 So.2d 244 (Fla. 1988); Acosta v. State, 477 So.2d 9 (Fla. 1985).

13
Bowes v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 1986 · cited in 2 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1991–1991
2 sentences

1991See Bowes v. State, 500 So.2d 290 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986), rev. denied, 506 So.2d 1043 (Fla.1987).

1991Although provided a copy of Bowes , the trial court denied the defense request. 1 The court gave the short form instruction in its entirety as follows: Excusable homicide The killing of a human being is excusable, and therefore lawful, when committed by accident and misfortune in doing any lawful act by lawful means with usual ordinary caution and without any unlawful intent, or by accident or misfortune in the heat of passion, upon any sudden and sufficient provocation, or upon a sudden combat, without any dangerous weapon being used and not done in a cruel or unusual manner.[ 2 ] Radillo con

12
Flores v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 1995 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
1 sentence

2017(Fla. 2d DCA 2003) (citing Flores v. State, 662 So.2d 1350, 1351-52 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995)) (reversing the summary denial of defendant’s claim that counsel failed to inform him that consent was an available defense to a sexual battery charge and remanding for an evi-dentiary hearing); see also Fernandez v. State, 135 So.3d 446, 447-48 (Fla. 2d DCA 2014) (reversing the summary denial of defendant’s claim that' counsel failed to advise him of the availability of the afterthought defense to a robbery charge and remanding for an evidentiary' hearing).

11
Fernandez v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
1 sentence

2017(Fla. 2d DCA 2003) (citing Flores v. State, 662 So.2d 1350, 1351-52 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995)) (reversing the summary denial of defendant’s claim that counsel failed to inform him that consent was an available defense to a sexual battery charge and remanding for an evi-dentiary hearing); see also Fernandez v. State, 135 So.3d 446, 447-48 (Fla. 2d DCA 2014) (reversing the summary denial of defendant’s claim that' counsel failed to advise him of the availability of the afterthought defense to a robbery charge and remanding for an evidentiary' hearing).

11
Monroe County v. Cartergreen
fladistctapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
1 sentence

2016In Monroe County v. Carter, 41 So.3d 954, 957 (Fla. 3d DCA 2010), the Third District recognized laches as an available defense to a code enforcement proceeding but reversed because the property owner had failed to prove the elements of the defense.

11
Morales v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014See Morales, 731 So.2d at 92 ; see also Moran v. State, 750 So.2d 182 , 134 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000); Balmori v. State, 985 So.2d 646, 650-651 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008); Spellers v. State, 993 So.2d 1117, 1119 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008).

11
Ross v. Conoco Inc.green
la · 1999 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014See Morales, 731 So.2d at 92 ; see also Moran v. State, 750 So.2d 182 , 134 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000); Balmori v. State, 985 So.2d 646, 650-651 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008); Spellers v. State, 993 So.2d 1117, 1119 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008).

11
Jews for Jesus, Inc. v. Rappgreen
fla · 2008 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014See Jews for Jesus, Inc. v. Rapp, 997 So.2d 1098 , 1108 n. 13 (Fla.2008) (holding that “truth remains an available defense to defendants who can prove that the defamatory implication is true” in a defamation by implication action); see also Woodard v. Sunbeam Television Corp., 616 So.2d 501, 502 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993) (holding that the media has a qualified privilege to report the information they receive from government officials).

11
Balmori v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 2008 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014See Morales, 731 So.2d at 92 ; see also Moran v. State, 750 So.2d 182 , 134 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000); Balmori v. State, 985 So.2d 646, 650-651 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008); Spellers v. State, 993 So.2d 1117, 1119 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008).

11
Woodard v. Sunbeam Television Corp.green
fladistctapp · 1993 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014See Jews for Jesus, Inc. v. Rapp, 997 So.2d 1098 , 1108 n. 13 (Fla.2008) (holding that “truth remains an available defense to defendants who can prove that the defamatory implication is true” in a defamation by implication action); see also Woodard v. Sunbeam Television Corp., 616 So.2d 501, 502 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993) (holding that the media has a qualified privilege to report the information they receive from government officials).

11
Krontz v. Feilergreen
fladistctapp · 1989 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014See Krontz v. Feiler, 553 So.2d 1302 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989) (holding that setoff is not an available defense to a section 68.065 action).

11
Spellers v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 2008 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014See Morales, 731 So.2d at 92 ; see also Moran v. State, 750 So.2d 182 , 134 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000); Balmori v. State, 985 So.2d 646, 650-651 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008); Spellers v. State, 993 So.2d 1117, 1119 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008).

11
Kennedy v. Louisianagreen
scotus · 2008 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
2 sentences

2012See Kennedy v. Louisiana, 554 U.S. 407, 423 , 128 S.Ct. 2641 , 171 L.Ed.2d 525 (2008) (concluding that because mistake regarding the minor’s age was not a defense, the statute imposed strict liability); Levinson, Laurie L., Good Faith Defenses: Reshaping Strict Liability Crimes, 78 Cornell L.

2012See Kennedy v. Louisiana, 554 U.S. 407, 423 , 128 S.Ct. 2641 , 171 L.Ed.2d 525 (2008) (concluding that because mistake regarding the minor’s age was not a defense, the statute imposed strict liability); Levinson, Laurie L., Good Faith Defenses: Reshaping Strict Liability Crimes, 78 Cornell L.

11
ROKER v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011The court may make new findings based upon sworn allegations in which to determine whether the defendant has met his “burden of showing that disclosure of the Cl’s identity is necessary to a specific and available defense .... ” State v. Rivas, 25 So.3d 647, 651 (Fla. 4th DCA 2010).

2011If so, the court should then, “conduct an in camera hearing to determine if the Cl has anything relevant and helpful to say before ordering disclosure of the Cl’s identity.” Id.

11
United States v. Clemente Valdovinos-Valdovinosgreen
ca9 · 1985 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
1 sentence

2010Nor can defendants raise “ ‘due process violations allegedly suffered by third parties.’ ” Id. (quoting United States v. Valdovinos-Valdovinos, 743 F.2d 1436, 1437 (9th Cir.1984)).

11
Panchu v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 2009 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See Panchu v. State, 1 So.3d 1243 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009); Brazeail v. State, 821 So.2d 364 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002).

2010See Panchu v. State, 1 So.3d 1243 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009);.

11
Gardner v. Stategreen
fla · 1985 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
11
Dawson v. Saadagreen
fla · 1992 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
Stinyard v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 2003 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Jackson v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 1985 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
11
Alderman v. Wysong & Miles Co.green
fladistctapp · 1986 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
11
McKinney v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 1998 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
11
State v. Petrogreen
fladistctapp · 1991 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
11
Bennett v. Orange State Oil Companygreen
fla · 1946 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1947–1947
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Florida. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (26)

CaseCitedYears
Strickland v. Washington green
scotus · 1984
2 sentences

2009“Unless a defendant makes both showings, it cannot be said that the conviction or death sentence resulted from a breakdown in the adversary process that renders the result unreliable.” Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687 , 104 S.Ct. 2052 .

2009“Unless a defendant makes both showings, it cannot be said that the conviction or death sentence resulted from a breakdown in the adversary process that renders the result unreliable.” Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687 , 104 S.Ct. 2052 .

22004–2009
Dice v. Akron, Canton & Youngstown Railroad green
scotus · 1952
2 sentences

1995It is just as clear that the statements did not fall within the only available exception to the rule of constitutional protectability; that is, because they neither "inflict[ed] injury nor tend[ed] to incite an immediate breach of the peace," they were not "fighting words." Hill, 482 U.S. at 461-62 , 107 S.Ct. at 2509-10 , 96 L.Ed.2d at 412 (quoting Lewis v. City of New Orleans, 415 U.S. 130, 133 , 94 S.Ct. 970, 972 , 39 L.Ed.2d 214, 219 (1974)).

1995It is just as clear that the statements did not fall within the only available exception to the rule of constitutional protectability; that is, because they neither “inflict[ed] injury nor tend[ed] to incite an immediate breach of the peace,” they were not “fighting words.” Hill, 482 U.S. at 461-62 , 107 S.Ct. at 2509-10 , 96 L.Ed.2d at 412 (quoting Lewis v. City of New Orleans, 415 U.S. 130, 133 , 94 S.Ct. 970, 972 , 39 L.Ed.2d 214, 219 (1974)).

21995–1995
City of Houston v. Hill green
scotus · 1987
2 sentences

1995It is just as clear that the statements did not fall within the only available exception to the rule of constitutional protectability; that is, because they neither “inflict[ed] injury nor tend[ed] to incite an immediate breach of the peace,” they were not “fighting words.” Hill, 482 U.S. at 461-62 , 107 S.Ct. at 2509-10 , 96 L.Ed.2d at 412 (quoting Lewis v. City of New Orleans, 415 U.S. 130, 133 , 94 S.Ct. 970, 972 , 39 L.Ed.2d 214, 219 (1974)).

1995It is just as clear that the statements did not fall within the only available exception to the rule of constitutional protectability; that is, because they neither “inflict[ed] injury nor tend[ed] to incite an immediate breach of the peace,” they were not “fighting words.” Hill, 482 U.S. at 461-62 , 107 S.Ct. at 2509-10 , 96 L.Ed.2d at 412 (quoting Lewis v. City of New Orleans, 415 U.S. 130, 133 , 94 S.Ct. 970, 972 , 39 L.Ed.2d 214, 219 (1974)).

21995–1995
Acosta v. State green
fladistctapp · 1985
2 sentences

1992"When a middleman, not a state agent, induces another person to engage in a crime, entrapment is not an available defense." State v. Hunter, 586 So.2d 319 (Fla. 1991); see also State v. Garcia, 528 So.2d 76 (Fla. 2d DCA), rev. denied, 536 So.2d 244 (Fla. 1988); Acosta v. State, 477 So.2d 9 (Fla. 1985).

1991State v. Garcia, 528 So.2d 76 (Fla. 2d DCA), review denied, 536 So.2d 244 (Fla. 1988); Acosta v. State, 477 So.2d 9 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985); State v. Perez, 438 So.2d 436 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983).

21991–1992
State v. Perez green
fladistctapp · 1983
2 sentences

1992State v. Krajewski, 589 So.2d 254 (Fla.1991). 1 We find this case governed by that portion of the Hunter opinion which holds that “[w]hen a middleman, not a state agent, induces another person to engage in a crime, entrapment is not an available defense.” State v. Hunter, 586 So.2d at 322 , citing to State v. Garcia, 528 So.2d 76 (Fla. 2d DCA), rev. den., 536 So.2d 244 (Fla.1988); Acosta v. State, 411 So.2d 9 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985); State v. Perez, 438 So.2d 436 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983).

1991State v. Garcia, 528 So.2d 76 (Fla. 2d DCA), review denied, 536 So.2d 244 (Fla. 1988); Acosta v. State, 477 So.2d 9 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985); State v. Perez, 438 So.2d 436 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983).

21991–1992
Hembree v. Hembree green
kyctapphigh · 1925
2 sentences

1975"This rule was properly stated in the case of Hembree v. Hembree, 208 Ky. 658 , 271 S.W. 1100 , text 1101, `To have purged himself of contempt for his failure to comply with the court's orders he must have made it clearly appear, not only that he was unable to comply therewith, but also that his inability was not caused by his own neglect or misconduct.' This rule was reiterated in the later case of Roper v. Roper, 242 Ky. 658 , 47 S.W.2d 517 ." *91 In the case sub judice, although the record may not show that appellant has the present ability to immediately pay the full amount of the arrearag

1975"This rule was properly stated in the case of Hembree v. Hembree, 208 Ky. 658 , 271 S.W. 1100 , text 1101, `To have purged himself of contempt for his failure to comply with the court's orders he must have made it clearly appear, not only that he was unable to comply therewith, but also that his inability was not caused by his own neglect or misconduct.' This rule was reiterated in the later case of Roper v. Roper, 242 Ky. 658 , 47 S.W.2d 517 ." *91 In the case sub judice, although the record may not show that appellant has the present ability to immediately pay the full amount of the arrearag

21963–1975
Roper v. Roper green
kyctapphigh · 1932
2 sentences

1975"This rule was properly stated in the case of Hembree v. Hembree, 208 Ky. 658 , 271 S.W. 1100 , text 1101, `To have purged himself of contempt for his failure to comply with the court's orders he must have made it clearly appear, not only that he was unable to comply therewith, but also that his inability was not caused by his own neglect or misconduct.' This rule was reiterated in the later case of Roper v. Roper, 242 Ky. 658 , 47 S.W.2d 517 ." *91 In the case sub judice, although the record may not show that appellant has the present ability to immediately pay the full amount of the arrearag

1975"This rule was properly stated in the case of Hembree v. Hembree, 208 Ky. 658 , 271 S.W. 1100 , text 1101, `To have purged himself of contempt for his failure to comply with the court's orders he must have made it clearly appear, not only that he was unable to comply therewith, but also that his inability was not caused by his own neglect or misconduct.' This rule was reiterated in the later case of Roper v. Roper, 242 Ky. 658 , 47 S.W.2d 517 ." *91 In the case sub judice, although the record may not show that appellant has the present ability to immediately pay the full amount of the arrearag

21963–1975
Van Eaton v. State green
fla · 1967
2 sentences

1973We therefore adhere to the Rule in M'Naghten's case as do all other jurisdictions except [New Hampshire and the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit] ..." In 1967 in Van Eaton, supra, 205 So.2d at 303 , we said, "Once again we reaffirm our adherence to the rule [M'Naghten] we have consistently followed and for the same reasons so ably expressed by Mr. Justice O'Connell in Piccott." Once again we reaffirm our adherence to M'Naghten.

1969We have reconsidered this question in the light of argument of counsel for the appellant and have concluded again as we did in Piccott, supra, 116 So.2d 626 , in Van Eaton v. State, Fla. 1967, 205 So.2d 298 , and in Holston v. State, Fla. 1968, 208 So.2d 98 , that the "right or wrong" test is the best available rule for determining the question of the legal accountability of the accused for his criminal act.

21969–1973
Piccott v. State green
fla · 1959
2 sentences

1973In Piccott v. State, supra, 116 So.2d at 627 , we said: "... we have not been convinced that the M'Naghten rule is not the best available rule for measuring the mental condition of the individual in terms of accountability for criminal acts.

1973In Piccott v. State, supra, 116 So.2d at 627 , we said: "... we have not been convinced that the M'Naghten rule is not the best available rule for measuring the mental condition of the individual in terms of accountability for criminal acts.

21969–1973
Munoz v. State green
fla · 1993
1 sentence

2013The supreme court, in Munoz v. State, 629 So.2d 90 (Fla.1993), examined what was then a new legislative codification of the entrapment defense.

12013–2013
Brazeail v. State green
fladistctapp · 2002
1 sentence

2010See Panchu v. State, 1 So.3d 1243 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009); Brazeail v. State, 821 So.2d 364 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002).

12010–2010
Straub v. LEHTINEN, VARGAS & RIEDI, PA green
fladistctapp · 2007
12008–2008
Hill v. Lockhart green
scotus · 1985
12004–2004
Parker v. Brown green
scotus · 1943
12004–2004
Gross v. Franklin green
fladistctapp · 1980
12004–2004
Holley v. State green
fladistctapp · 1982
12001–2001
Casey v. State green
fladistctapp · 1995
12001–2001
State v. Brugman green
fladistctapp · 1991
11992–1992
State v. Krajewski green
fla · 1991
11992–1992
Rizzolo v. Commonwealth green
pa · 1889
11981–1981
Phelan v. Phelan green
fla · 1868
11975–1975
Haddon v. Haddon green
fla · 1895
11975–1975
Arendall v. Arendall green
fla · 1911
11975–1975
Holston v. State green
fla · 1968
11969–1969
Headley v. Leavitt neutral
nj · 1903
11964–1964
Knight v. United States Land Assn. green
· 1891
11894–1894

Statutes the citing opinions construe

FL § 877.03 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

IL 63 (1932–2026) WI 44 (1959–2026) IN 42 (1857–2025) NY 42 (1868–2024) FL 40 (1894–2019) CA 39 (1938–2023) TX 36 (1928–2026) MO 35 (1911–2025) DC 30 (1980–2025) OH 28 (1967–2026) PA 27 (1929–2026) MI 21 (1914–2026) WA 16 (2002–2020) AL 13 (1887–1998) MA 13 (1982–2026) ID 12 (2001–2026) GA 10 (1934–2026) RI 9 (1980–2013) NJ 9 (1932–2021) LA 9 (1958–1997) MT 9 (1985–2023) VA 8 (1977–2023) CO 8 (1988–2022) WV 8 (1908–1997) OR 7 (1960–2023) OK 7 (1903–2023) TN 7 (2002–2016) MD 7 (1970–2016) NM 6 (1923–2022) CT 6 (1990–2015) NE 6 (1994–2024) VT 6 (1892–2016) WY 6 (1884–2023) MS 6 (1999–2014) DE 5 (2000–2022) KS 5 (1996–2020) IA 5 (1952–1984) KY 4 (1871–2024) HI 4 (1995–2018) ME 3 (1979–2021) AR 3 (1992–2025) MN 3 (1998–2024) NH 2 (1995–2024) UT 2 (2012–2017) NC 2 (1994–2010) SD 2 (1998–2003) ND 2 (1958–1995) SC 2 (1970–2017)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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