McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework (Minnesota) · Go Syfert
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McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework in Minnesota

15 Minnesota opinions name it 2 courts 1997–2025 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Minnesota courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (10)

CaseFollowedCited
McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Greengreen
scotus · 1973 · cited in 5 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 1997–2017
2 sentences

2017McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 , 93 S.Ct. 1817 , 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973); see, e.g., Hoover v. Norwest Private Mortg.

2017McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 , 93 S.Ct. 1817 , 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973); see, e.g., Hoover v. Norwest Private Mortg.

25
Hoover v. Norwest Private Mortgage Bankinggreen
minn · 2001 · cited in 2 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 2006–2024
2 sentences

2024Henry, 988 N.W.2d at 883; Hansen v. Robert Half Int’l, Inc., 813 N.W.2d 906, 918 (Minn. 2012); Hoover v. Norwest Private Mortgage Banking, 632 N.W.2d 534, 542 (Minn. 2001).

2006Hoover v. Norwest Private Mortgage Banking, 632 N.W.2d 534, 542 (Minn.2001) (citing McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802 , 93 S.Ct. 1817, 1824 , 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973)).

22
Hansen v. Robert Half International, Inc.green
minn · 2012 · cited in 2 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 2024–2025
2 sentences

2025Hansen, 813 N.W.2d at 918 .

2024Henry, 988 N.W.2d at 883; Hansen v. Robert Half Int’l, Inc., 813 N.W.2d 906, 918 (Minn. 2012); Hoover v. Norwest Private Mortgage Banking, 632 N.W.2d 534, 542 (Minn. 2001).

12
Hubbard v. United Press International, Inc.green
minn · 1983 · cited in 2 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 2003–2019
2 sentences

2019The question of whether a retaliation claim can survive summary judgment under the McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting test begins with the employee's need to present a three-element prima facie case: "(1) statutorily-protected conduct by the employee; (2) adverse employment action by the employer; and (3) a causal connection between the two." Hubbard , 330 N.W.2d at 444 .

2003Hubbard v. United Press Int’l, Inc., 330 N.W.2d 428, 444 (Minn.1983).

12
Schmitz v. United States Steel Corp.green
minnctapp · 2013 · cited in 2 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016Schmitz v. U.S. Steel Corp., 831 N.W.2d 656, 670-71 (Minn. App. 2013), aff’d, 852 N.W.2d 669 (Minn. 2014).

2016Schmitz, 831 N.W.2d at 671 ; see also Dietrich v. Canadian Pac.

12
Dietrich v. Canadian Pacific Ltd.green
minn · 1995 · cited in 1 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
1 sentence

2016Ltd., 536 N.W.2d 319, 323-24 (Minn. 1995) (outlining elements of retaliatory-discharge claim under the McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework).

11
Snesrud v. Instant Web, Inc.green
minnctapp · 1992 · cited in 1 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
1 sentence

2013See Snesrud v. Instant Web, Inc., 484 N.W.2d 423, 427 (Minn.App.1992), review denied (Minn. June 17, 1992).

11
Cokley v. City of Otsegogreen
minnctapp · 2001 · cited in 1 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
1 sentence

2007Cokley v. City of Otsego, 623 N.W.2d 625, 630 (Minn.App.2001), review denied (Minn. May 15, 2001).

11
Klink v. Ramsey County Ex Rel. Zachariasgreen
minnctapp · 1986 · cited in 1 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
1 sentence

1997Klink v. Ramsey County by Zacharias, 397 N.W.2d 894, 900 (Minn.App.1986) (citing Sigurdson v. Isanti County, 386 N.W.2d 715, 719-20 (Minn.1986); McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 , 93 S.Ct. 1817 , 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973)), review denied (Minn. Feb. 13, 1987).

11
Sigurdson v. Isanti Countygreen
minn · 1986 · cited in 1 Minnesota opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
1 sentence

1997Klink v. Ramsey County by Zacharias, 397 N.W.2d 894, 900 (Minn.App.1986) (citing Sigurdson v. Isanti County, 386 N.W.2d 715, 719-20 (Minn.1986); McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 , 93 S.Ct. 1817 , 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973)), review denied (Minn. Feb. 13, 1987).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Minnesota. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (4)

CaseCitedYears
Darrel Schmitz v. United States Steel Corporation green
minn · 2014
1 sentence

2016Schmitz v. U.S. Steel Corp., 831 N.W.2d 656, 670-71 (Minn. App. 2013), aff’d, 852 N.W.2d 669 (Minn. 2014).

12016–2016
Fletcher v. St. Paul Pioneer Press green
minn · 1999
1 sentence

2015Fletcher, 589 N.W.2d at 101 .

12015–2015
Friend v. Gopher Co., Inc. green
minnctapp · 2009
1 sentence

2013Id.

12013–2013
Goins v. West Group green
minn · 2001
1 sentence

2010Goins v. West Group, 635 N.W.2d 717, 722-23 , 724 n. 3 (Minn.2001); see McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802-04 , 93 S.Ct. 1817, 1824-25 , 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973) (setting out framework).

12010–2010

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MN § Minn. Stat. § 480A.08 (5) MN § Minn. Stat. § 176.82 (4) MN § Minn. Stat. § 181.932 (4) MN § Minn. Stat. § 363A.03 (4) MN § Minn. Stat. § 363A.08 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 76 (2003–2026) CA 49 (1996–2026) MI 26 (1995–2025) MN 15 (1997–2025) OH 13 (2011–2025) TN 12 (2010–2018) IA 11 (2003–2025) WA 9 (1999–2026) NY 9 (2015–2023) NJ 8 (1998–2023) ME 7 (2004–2021) KY 6 (2011–2025) GA 6 (2013–2023) IL 5 (1998–2025) KS 4 (1994–2024) VT 4 (1995–2024) MO 4 (2007–2024) DC 4 (2004–2024) MD 4 (2021–2024) RI 3 (2005–2009) LA 3 (2010–2023) PA 2 (2003–2024) NC 2 (2017–2024) ID 2 (2008–2013) CT 2 (2021–2025) AZ 2 (2018–2023) SD 2 (2006–2015) UT 2 (2000–2025) NH 2 (2001–2019)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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