11 Maryland opinions name it 2 courts 1967–2025 2 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Maryland courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Cromwell v. Wardgreen2 sentences2024App. at 507 (reversing the Baltimore County Board’s grant of a variance because the board “ignore[d] the first prong of the variance test”); Cromwell, 102 Md. 2018PRACTICAL DIFFICULTY OR UNNECESSARY HARDSHIP The second step of the variance test examines whether the disproportionate effect of the ordinance, caused by the uniqueness of the property, creates practical difficulty for or unnecessary hardship on the owner of the property. *501 Cromwell , 102 Md. | 2 | 4 |
North v. St. Mary's Countygreen2 sentences2018App. at 514 -15 , 638 A.2d 1175 (cleaned up). 9 The purpose of the uniqueness or unusual element of the variance test is to determine whether the zoning law's effect on a property is particularized to that given property. 2003Mary's County, 99 Md.App. 502, 514 , 638 A.2d 1175, 1181 (1994), when that court said: "In the zoning context the `unique' aspect of a variance requirement does not refer to the extent of improvements upon the property, or upon neighboring property. `Uniqueness' of a property for zoning purposes requires that the subject property have an inherent characteristic not shared by other properties in the area, i.e., its shape, topography, sub-surface condition, environmental factors, historical significance, access or non-access to navigable waters, practical restrictions imposed by abutting propert | 1 | 4 |
Trinity Assembly of God of Baltimore City, Inc. v. People's Counselgreen1 sentence2024App. at 726 (holding that the Baltimore County Board’s grant of a variance was “arbitrary and illegal” because the applicant had not introduced evidence to establish the uniqueness element); cf. Trinity, 407 Md. at 83 (noting that because the Baltimore County Board had found that “the physical attributes of the Property are not distinguishing, . . . [t]here was no need for the Board to go further to consider whether physical uniqueness (which it found does not exist) causes the [regulation] to affect Trinity disproportionately.”). | 1 | 1 |
Bacon v. Town of Enfieldgreen1 sentence2020See, e.g., Bacon v. Town of Enfield, 840 A.2d 788, 799 (N.H. 2004) (Nadeau, J., dissenting) (noting that the variance standard “was designed to loosen the strictures which have made it essentially impossible for a [zoning agency] [], honoring the letter of the law . . . to afford the relief appropriate to avoid an unconstitutional application of an otherwise valid regulation”) (internal citations omitted); Mustang Run Wind Project, LLC v. Osage Cty. | 1 | 1 |
BELVOIR FARMS HOMEOWNERS ASSOC. INC. v. Northgreen1 sentence2020In Belvoir Farms Homeowners Association v. North, 355 Md. 259, 275 (1999), we considered whether the 65 unconstitutional takings standard. | 1 | 1 |
PEOPLE'S COUNSEL FOR BALTIMORE CTY. v. Loyola Collegegreen1 sentence2020Cty. v. Loyola Coll., 406 Md. 54, 71 (2008). 18 Different local zoning codes and ordinances adopt similar, but slightly different language when describing the “hardship” prong of the variance standard. | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Maryland. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Easter v. Mayor of Baltimore
green
2 sentences1995Another typical Baltimore City case in that regard is Easter v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, 195 Md. 395, 400 , 73 A.2d 491 (1950), where the'Court noted “facts to justify an exception . . . [show] that the hardship affects the particular premises and is not common to other property in the neighborhood.” This is a variance standard. 8. 1995Another typical Baltimore City case in that regard is Easter v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, 195 Md. 395, 400 , 73 A.2d 491 (1950), where the'Court noted “facts to justify an exception . . . [show] that the hardship affects the particular premises and is not common to other property in the neighborhood.” This is a variance standard. 8. | 2 | 1967–1995 |
Dan's Mountain Wind Force, LLC v. Allegany Cnty. Bd. of Zoning Appeals
green
2 sentences2025Id. at 494-95 . 21 Uniqueness is a necessary element of the variance test, allowing a zoning board “to determine whether the zoning law’s effect on [the] property is particularized to that given property.” Id. at 494 . 2025Id. at 494-95 . 21 Uniqueness is a necessary element of the variance test, allowing a zoning board “to determine whether the zoning law’s effect on [the] property is particularized to that given property.” Id. at 494 . | 1 | 2025–2025 |
Mustang Run Wind Project, LLC v. Osage County Board of Adjustment
green
1 sentence2020Bd. of Adjustment, 387 P.3d 333 (Okla. 2016) (“A zoning variance . . . granted by a local government entity [is a] [] historic procedure[] designed to . . . act as a safety valve when applying a zoning regulation to prevent governmental restrictions from operating in such a manner that the burden on an individual landowner amounts to a taking.”) (cleaned up); Rathkopf § 58:1 (explaining that the variance “is a kind of ‘escape hatch’ or ‘safety valve’ of zoning administration”); zoning authority divides geographically an area into use districts. | 1 | 2020–2020 |
Palazzolo v. Rhode Island
green
2 sentences2002This is the reason why many cases which arise in Baltimore City, such as this one, discuss exceptions and variances without differentiation." [Footnote omitted.] [11] Under the Supreme Court's case of Palazzolo v. Rhode Island, 533 U.S. 606 , 121 S.Ct. 2448 , 150 L.Ed.2d 592 (2001), and our recent case of Roeser, supra, the fact that the statute predated an owner's purchase of a subject property would have no bearing on the ability of an owner to seek variance relief. 2002This is the reason why many cases which arise in Baltimore City, such as this one, discuss exceptions and variances without differentiation." [Footnote omitted.] [11] Under the Supreme Court's case of Palazzolo v. Rhode Island, 533 U.S. 606 , 121 S.Ct. 2448 , 150 L.Ed.2d 592 (2001), and our recent case of Roeser, supra, the fact that the statute predated an owner's purchase of a subject property would have no bearing on the ability of an owner to seek variance relief. | 1 | 2002–2002 |
Evans v. Shore Communications, Inc.
green
2 sentences2002That court said that “while SCI ... may have painted itself into a corner when it entered into a lease agreement ... ‘the variance that is desired ... cannot be the source of the first [uniqueness] prong of the variance process----’ ” Evans, 112 Md.App. at 308 , 685 A.2d at 466 (citing Cromwell, 102 Md.App. at 695 , 651 A.2d at 426 ) (alteration added). 2002That court said that “while SCI ... may have painted itself into a corner when it entered into a lease agreement ... ‘the variance that is desired ... cannot be the source of the first [uniqueness] prong of the variance process----’ ” Evans, 112 Md.App. at 308 , 685 A.2d at 466 (citing Cromwell, 102 Md.App. at 695 , 651 A.2d at 426 ) (alteration added). | 1 | 2002–2002 |
Marino v. Mayor of Baltimore
green
2 sentences2002In Marino, 215 Md. at 216 , 137 A.2d at 201 , we stated: "Ordinarily, there is a marked distinction in the law of zoning between a variance and an exception, but there is none in Baltimore City since an exception apparently overlaps a variance inasmuch as both may be granted where there are 'practical difficulties or unnecessary hardships'. 2002In Marino, 215 Md. at 216 , 137 A.2d at 201 , we stated: "Ordinarily, there is a marked distinction in the law of zoning between a variance and an exception, but there is none in Baltimore City since an exception apparently overlaps a variance inasmuch as both may be granted where there are 'practical difficulties or unnecessary hardships'. | 1 | 2002–2002 |
Richard Roeser Professional Builder, Inc. v. Anne Arundel County
green
1 sentence2002This is the reason why many cases which arise in Baltimore City, such as this one, discuss exceptions and variances without differentiation." [Footnote omitted.] [11] Under the Supreme Court's case of Palazzolo v. Rhode Island, 533 U.S. 606 , 121 S.Ct. 2448 , 150 L.Ed.2d 592 (2001), and our recent case of Roeser, supra, the fact that the statute predated an owner's purchase of a subject property would have no bearing on the ability of an owner to seek variance relief. | 1 | 2002–2002 |
Ocean Hideaway Condominium Ass'n v. Boardwalk Plaza Venture
green
2 sentences1996Our review of the evidence that was produced before the Board and the considerable amount of argument presented by the parties in this appeal on the issue of uniqueness convinces us, as a matter of law, that there is no substantial evidence to support a finding of uniqueness; and, therefore, it cannot be said that such a finding would be “fairly debatable.” As this Court said in Ocean Hideaway Condominium, Ass’n. v. Boardwalk Plaza Venture, 68 Md.App. 650 , 515 A.2d 485 (1986), “[WJhen a Board’s finding cannot be said to be ‘fairly debatable,’ it is arbitrary, capricious and a denial of due pr 1996Our review of the evidence that was produced before the Board and the considerable amount of argument presented by the parties in this appeal on the issue of uniqueness convinces us, as a matter of law, that there is no substantial evidence to support a finding of uniqueness; and, therefore, it cannot be said that such a finding would be “fairly debatable.” As this Court said in Ocean Hideaway Condominium, Ass’n. v. Boardwalk Plaza Venture, 68 Md.App. 650 , 515 A.2d 485 (1986), “[WJhen a Board’s finding cannot be said to be ‘fairly debatable,’ it is arbitrary, capricious and a denial of due pr | 1 | 1996–1996 |
Dampman v. M. & CC OF BALTIMORE
green
2 sentences1994As the Court of Appeals noted in Dampman v. Mayor and City Council, 231 Md. 280, 285 , 189 A.2d 631 (1963): Ordinarily there is a distinction between a variance and an exception. ... 1994As the Court of Appeals noted in Dampman v. Mayor and City Council, 231 Md. 280, 285 , 189 A.2d 631 (1963): Ordinarily there is a distinction between a variance and an exception. ... | 1 | 1994–1994 |
McDuffy v. State
green
1 sentence1976App. 537 , 252 A. 2d 270 (1969], we applied the variance rule when we said, at 538-39: “The indictment charged that McDuffy forged an ‘American Oil Credit Card.’ Testimony showed that the card was not in any way forged or altered by anyone, but that a receipt for certain merchandise was forged by McDuffy, who contends that he cannot be convicted of forging a receipt under an indictment which charges him with forging a credit card. | 1 | 1976–1976 |
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.