introductory clause (Georgia) · Go Syfert
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introductory clause in Georgia

10 Georgia opinions name it 2 courts 1982–2026 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Georgia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (6)

CaseFollowedCited
Fair v. Stategreen
ga · 2010 · cited in 3 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2012–2026
2 sentences

2026See Fair v. State, 288 Ga. 244, 257 (2010) (“[T]he elements set forth in the introductory clause [in OCGA § 16-3-23], however they are construed, are necessary to justify the use of any force or threats of force in defense of habitation in any circumstances.”).

2026See Fair v. State, 288 Ga. 244, 257 (2010) (“[T]he elements set forth in the introductory clause [in OCGA § 16-3-23], however they are construed, are necessary to justify the use of any force or threats of force in defense of habitation in any circumstances.”).

33
Couch v. Red Roof Inns, Inc.green
ga · 2012 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
2 sentences

2014See Couch v. Red Roof Inns, Inc., 291 Ga. 359, 364 (1) ( 729 SE2d 378 ) (2012) (construing “notwithstanding” clause as indicative of “intent to displace” other law).

2014See Couch v. Red Roof Inns, Inc., 291 Ga. 359, 364 (1) ( 729 SE2d 378 ) (2012) (construing “notwithstanding” clause as indicative of “intent to displace” other law).

22
Ford Motor Co. v. Cartergreen
ga · 1977 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015Ford Motor Co. v. Carter, 239 Ga. 657, 661 ( 238 SE2d 361 ) (1977).

2015Ford Motor Co. v. Carter, 239 Ga. 657, 661 ( 238 SE2d 361 ) (1977).

11
Goldberg v. Stategreen
ga · 2007 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See Goldberg, 282 Ga. at 544 , 651 S.E.2d 667 .

2010See Goldberg, 282 Ga. at 544 , 651 S.E.2d 667 .

11
Intermedics, Inc. v. Ventritex, Inc.green
cand · 1991 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
2 sentences

1994See Intermedics, Inc. v. Ventritex, Inc., 139 F.R.D. 384, 387-388 (N.D.

1994See Intermedics, Inc. v. Ventritex, Inc., 139 F.R.D. 384, 387-388 (N.D.

11
Society for Sav. in Cleveland v. Bowersgreen
scotus · 1955 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1982–1982
1 sentence

1982The Revenue Commissioner points out that the Supreme Court has cited 31 USC § 742 , including the words “Except as otherwise provided by law,” Society for Savings in the City of Cleveland v. Bowers, 349 U. S. 143, 144 (75 SC 607, 99 LE 950) (1955), and argues that these words should be given force and effect.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Georgia. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (1)

CaseCitedYears
DOCTORS HOSPITAL OF AUGUSTA, LLC Et Al. v. ALICEA green
gactapp · 2015
2 sentences

2016Moreover, as the Court of Appeals observed, subsection (a) (2) begins with the words “[n]o such health care provider,” providing an explicit textual link between subsection (a) (2) and the providers described in the introductory clause — that is, providers “acting in good faith reliance on such direction or decision [by the health care agent].” See Alicea, 332 Ga. App. at 541 .

2016Alicea, 332 Ga. App. at 541 .

12016–2016

Statutes the citing opinions construe

GA § 16-3-23 (4) GA § 16-3-24.1 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 35 (1894–2026) NY 16 (1847–2022) IL 11 (1897–2019) MO 10 (1903–2022) GA 10 (1982–2026) PA 9 (1826–2023) TX 8 (1989–2024) FL 8 (1981–2023) WA 6 (2004–2015) LA 6 (1973–2016) CT 4 (1969–2022) MI 4 (1945–2023) TN 4 (1917–1999) MD 4 (1913–2020) NM 3 (2006–2023) KY 3 (1958–2010) WY 3 (2001–2022) NJ 3 (1952–2003) MA 3 (1971–2024) OK 3 (1964–2004) OH 3 (1990–2023) KS 2 (1981–2020) WV 2 (1911–1990) NE 2 (2022–2022) RI 2 (2000–2022) WI 2 (1985–2011) DE 2 (1997–2019) VA 2 (1988–2022) CO 2 (1933–1998) ME 2 (1978–1984) SD 2 (2015–2025) IA 2 (1941–1941)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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