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8 Washington opinions name it 2 courts 1993–2019 0 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Washington courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
New Jersey v. T. L. O.green2 sentences2008The United States Supreme Court has held there are certain circumstances when a search or seizure is directed toward "`special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement" and "the warrant and probable-cause requirement [are] impracticable.'" Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 873 , 107 S.Ct. 3164 , 97 L.Ed.2d 709 (1987) (quoting T.L.O., 469 U.S. at 351 , 105 S.Ct. 733 (Blackmun, J., concurring in judgment)). [12] For there to be a special need, not only must there be some interest beyond normal law enforcement but also any evidence garnered from the search or seizure should not be expe 2008The United States Supreme Court has held there are certain circumstances when a search or seizure is directed toward "`special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement" and "the warrant and probable-cause requirement [are] impracticable.'" Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 873 , 107 S.Ct. 3164 , 97 L.Ed.2d 709 (1987) (quoting T.L.O., 469 U.S. at 351 , 105 S.Ct. 733 (Blackmun, J., concurring in judgment)). [12] For there to be a special need, not only must there be some interest beyond normal law enforcement but also any evidence garnered from the search or seizure should not be expe | 2 | 5 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Washington. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Griffin v. Wisconsin
green
2 sentences2019The administrative search doctrine was supplanted by a broader “special needs” doctrine under which particularized exceptions are sometimes warranted where a search or seizure is directed toward “‘special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement’” and “‘the warrant and probable-cause requirement[s are] impracticable.’” Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 873 , 107 S. Ct. 3164 , 97 L. 2019The administrative search doctrine was supplanted by a broader “special needs” doctrine under which particularized exceptions are sometimes warranted where a search or seizure is directed toward “‘special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement’” and “‘the warrant and probable-cause requirement[s are] impracticable.’” Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 873 , 107 S. Ct. 3164 , 97 L. | 8 | 1993–2019 |
Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives' Assn.
green
2 sentences2004An exception to this general rule arises when “ ‘special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement, make the warrant and probable-cause requirement impracticable.’ ” Skinner, 489 U.S. at 619 (quoting Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 873 , 107 S. Ct. 3164 , 97 L. 2004An exception to this general rule arises when "`special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement, make the warrant and probable-cause requirement impracticable.'" Skinner, 489 U.S. at 619 , 109 S.Ct. 1402 (quoting Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 873 , 107 S.Ct. 3164 , 97 L.Ed.2d 709 (1987)). | 3 | 1993–2004 |
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton
green
2 sentences2002This exception allows government to conduct a warrantless, suspicionless search focused on a specific class of individuals if "special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement, make the warrant and probable-cause requirement impracticable." Vernonia, 515 U.S. at 653 , 115 S.Ct. 2386 (quoting *1200 Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 873 , 107 S.Ct. 3164 , 97 L.Ed.2d 709 (1987)). 2002This exception allows government to conduct a warrantless, suspicionless search focused on a specific class of individuals if "special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement, make the warrant and probable-cause requirement impracticable." Vernonia, 515 U.S. at 653 , 115 S.Ct. 2386 (quoting *1200 Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 873 , 107 S.Ct. 3164 , 97 L.Ed.2d 709 (1987)). | 1 | 2002–2002 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.