leading principle in Pennsylvania

7 Pennsylvania opinions name it 2 courts 1899–2021 1 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Pennsylvania courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (9)

Case	Followed	Cited
Lewis v. United Statesgreen scotus · 1892 · cited in 3 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1981–1996 2 sentences 1981See 396 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892) (“A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner.”) Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98,114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971); Commonwealth ex rel. 1981See 396 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892) (“A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner.”) Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98,114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971); Commonwealth ex rel.	2	3
Garland Rex Brinlee, Jr. v. Richard A. Crisp, Warden, and the State of Oklahomagreen ca10 · 1979 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1981–1988 2 sentences 1988See Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892); Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98, 114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971). 1981See *396 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892) (“A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner.”) Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98,114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971); Commonwealth ex rel.	2	2
Commonwealth. v. Hossgreen pa · 1971 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1981–1988 2 sentences 1981See 396 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892) (“A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner.”) Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98,114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971); Commonwealth ex rel. 1981See 396 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892) (“A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner.”) Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98,114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971); Commonwealth ex rel.	2	2
Colon v. Floridagreen scotus · 1980 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1981–1988 2 sentences 1988See Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892); Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98, 114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971). 1981See *396 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892) (“A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner.”) Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98,114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971); Commonwealth ex rel.	1	2
Thomas v. Oklahomagreen scotus · 1980 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1981–1988 2 sentences 1988See Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892); Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98, 114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971). 1981See *396 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892) (“A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner.”) Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98,114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971); Commonwealth ex rel.	1	2
Brinlee v. Crispgreen scotus · 1980 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1981–1988 2 sentences 1988See Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892); Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98, 114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971). 1981See *396 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892) (“A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner.”) Brinlee v. Crisp, 608 F.2d 839, 848 (10th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1047 , 100 S.Ct. 737 , 62 L.Ed.2d 733 (1980); see also Commonwealth v. Hoss, 445 Pa. 98,114 , 283 A.2d 58, 67 (1971); Commonwealth ex rel.	1	2
Com. v. Ah Thank Leegreen pa · 1989 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021 1 sentence 2021Appellant’s Brief at 27, citing Commonwealth v. Lee, 566 A.2d 1205, 1207 (Pa. Super. 1989) (“[I]t is a leading principle of criminal law that after indictment, nothing shall be done in the absence of the defendant, this right can be waived by the defendant’s words or actions.”).	1	1
Commonwealth v. Tizergreen pasuperct · 1996 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021 1 sentence 2021Here, Appellant contends, “[t]he record reveals no waiver of [Appellant’s] right to be present in person. . . and the burden of proving this waiver of a constitutional right ‘rests with the Commonwealth.’” Appellant’s Brief at 28, citing Commonweatith v. Tizer, 684 A.2d 597, 604 (Pa. Super. 1995).	1	1
Com. Ex Rel. Lockhart v. Myersgreen pasuperct · 1960 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1981–1981 2 sentences 1981Lockhart v. Myers, 193 Pa.Super. 531, 540 , 165 A.2d 400, 405 (1960), cert. denied, 368 U.S. 860 , 82 S.Ct. 102 , 7 L.Ed.2d 57 (1961); 10A P.L.E. 1981Lockhart v. Myers, 193 Pa.Super. 531, 540 , 165 A.2d 400, 405 (1960), cert. denied, 368 U.S. 860 , 82 S.Ct. 102 , 7 L.Ed.2d 57 (1961); 10A P.L.E.	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Pennsylvania. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (8)

Case	Cited	Years
Commonwealth v. Craddock green pa · 1988 2 sentences 1996Commonwealth v. Craddock, 370 Pa.Super. 139 , 535 A.2d 1189 (1988), citing Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892). 1996Commonwealth v. Craddock, 370 Pa.Super. 139 , 535 A.2d 1189 (1988), citing Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372 , 13 S.Ct. 136, 137 , 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892).	2	1989–1996
Com. v. Craddock green pa · 1989 2 sentences 1989Commonwealth v. Craddock, 370 Pa.Super. 139 , 535 A.2d 1189 (1988), affirmed per curiam, 522 Pa. 491 , 564 A.2d 151 (1989). 1989Commonwealth v. Craddock, 370 Pa.Super. 139 , 535 A.2d 1189 (1988), affirmed per curiam, 522 Pa. 491 , 564 A.2d 151 (1989).	1	1989–1989
Eslinger v. Ellis neutral scotus · 1961 1 sentence 1981Lockhart v. Myers, 193 Pa.Super. 531, 540 , 165 A.2d 400, 405 (1960), cert. denied, 368 U.S. 860 , 82 S.Ct. 102 , 7 L.Ed.2d 57 (1961); 10A P.L.E.	1	1981–1981
Craig v. First Presbyterian Church green pa · 1879 1 sentence 1904The authority of courts to declare statutes unconstitutional is a power of high responsibility and not to be exercised except in cases free from doubt, and all doubt is to be resolved in favor of the constitutionality of the act: Sedgwick’s Construction of Statutory and Constitutional Law (2d ed.), 409; Bank v. Smith, 3 S. & R. 63 (Chief Justice Tilghman) ; Com. v. Butler, 99 Pa. 535 (Chief Justice Shauswood) ; Craig v. First Presbyterian Church, 88 Pa. 42 (Justice Paxson) ; In re Sugar Notch Borough, 192 Pa. 349 (Justice Mitchell, now Chief Justice). “ There is a presumption in favor of the c	1	1904–1904
Commonwealth ex rel. Wolfe v. Butler green pa · 1882 1 sentence 1904The authority of courts to declare statutes unconstitutional is a power of high responsibility and not to be exercised except in cases free from doubt, and all doubt is to be resolved in favor of the constitutionality of the act: Sedgwick’s Construction of Statutory and Constitutional Law (2d ed.), 409; Bank v. Smith, 3 S. & R. 63 (Chief Justice Tilghman) ; Com. v. Butler, 99 Pa. 535 (Chief Justice Shauswood) ; Craig v. First Presbyterian Church, 88 Pa. 42 (Justice Paxson) ; In re Sugar Notch Borough, 192 Pa. 349 (Justice Mitchell, now Chief Justice). “ There is a presumption in favor of the c	1	1904–1904
Sugar Notch Borough green pa · 1899 1 sentence 1904The authority of courts to declare statutes unconstitutional is a power of high responsibility and not to be exercised except in cases free from doubt, and all doubt is to be resolved in favor of the constitutionality of the act: Sedgwick’s Construction of Statutory and Constitutional Law (2d ed.), 409; Bank v. Smith, 3 S. & R. 63 (Chief Justice Tilghman) ; Com. v. Butler, 99 Pa. 535 (Chief Justice Shauswood) ; Craig v. First Presbyterian Church, 88 Pa. 42 (Justice Paxson) ; In re Sugar Notch Borough, 192 Pa. 349 (Justice Mitchell, now Chief Justice). “ There is a presumption in favor of the c	1	1904–1904
Reber v. Herring green pa · 1887 1 sentence 1899The jury should be given the leading rule containing the questions suggested by the point: Reber v. Herring, 115 Pa. 599 ; Duncan v. Sherman, 121 Pa. 520 .	1	1899–1899
Duncan v. Sherman neutral pa · 1888 1 sentence 1899The jury should be given the leading rule containing the questions suggested by the point: Reber v. Herring, 115 Pa. 599 ; Duncan v. Sherman, 121 Pa. 520 .	1	1899–1899

Where else courts name it

NV 16 (1952–2018) AL 13 (1843–2011) NY 11 (1864–1955) CA 10 (1858–1949) TX 10 (1885–2025) TN 9 (1914–2023) PA 7 (1899–2021) AR 6 (1892–1996) MD 6 (1880–2012) MI 6 (1918–1981) WI 4 (1881–1926) NJ 3 (1990–2021) NC 3 (1895–2009) ME 3 (1899–2025) OK 3 (1899–1964) LA 2 (1944–1987) AK 2 (1962–1977) DC 2 (1989–2009) OH 2 (1977–2007) KS 2 (1893–1905) MO 2 (1915–1930) IA 2 (1865–1976) KY 2 (1935–1936) VT 2 (1920–2018) AZ 2 (1924–1926)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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