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9 canonical passages across 9 cases, quoted by 263 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Spool v. World Child International Adoption Agency.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spool v. World Child International Adoption Agency Anchor | green | “pleadings must create the possibility of a right to relief that is more than speculative.” | 52 |
| 2 | Jackson v. TLC Liquidation Trust (In Re Tender Loving Care Health Services, Inc.) | green | “when a debtor files an objection to a claim, the objection has initiated a contested matter” | 40 |
| 3 | Travelers Casualty & Surety Co. of America v. Pacific Gas & Electric Co. | green | “but even where a party in interest objects to a claim, the court 'shall allow' the claim 'except to the extent that' the claim implicates any of the nine exceptions enumerated in 502(b)” | 37 |
| 4 | Hunt Ex Rel. Hunt v. Enzo Biochem, Inc. | green | “need not accord 'legal conclusions, deductions or opinions that are couched as factual allegations . . . a presumption of truthfulness.” | 35 |
| 5 | Roth v. Jennings | green | “in any event, a ruling on a motion for dismissal pursuant to rule 12(b)(6) is not an occasion for the court to make findings of fact.” | 32 |
| 6 | In Re 20/20 Sport, Inc. | green | “in bankruptcy cases, courts have traditionally analogized a creditor's claim to a civil complaint and a trustee's objection to an answer. . .” | 24 |
| 7 | Leon v. Shmukler | green | “it is well-settled that, in considering a motion to dismiss, courts may take judicial notice of documents attached to, integral to, or referred to in the complaint, as well as documents filed in other courts and other public records.” | 19 |
| 8 | Conopco, Inc. v. Roll International and Paramount Farms, Inc. | green | “to determine the effect of a state court judgment, federal courts . . . are required to apply the preclusion law of the rendering state.” | 16 |
| 9 | Sutton v. Wachovia Securities, LLC | green | “are undisputably matters of public record” | 8 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.