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3 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 128 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Oyler v. Boles.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oyler v. Boles Anchor | green | “deliberately based upon an unjustifiable standard such as race, religion or other arbitrary classification.” | 113 |
| 2 | Akin v. Dahl | green | “it is the events prior to the institution of the proceedings which must be examined, and only those events, to determine if the defendants had probable cause to act.” | 9 |
| 3 | Castellano v. Fragozo | green | “malicious prosecution can be a constitutional violation . . . only if all its common law elements are established.” | 6 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.