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10 canonical passages across 10 cases, quoted by 75 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Portland Valve, Inc. v. Rockwood Systems Corp..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Portland Valve, Inc. v. Rockwood Systems Corp. Anchor | green | “contract language is ambiguous when it is reasonably susceptible of different interpretations.” | 19 |
| 2 | Irving August v. Offices Unlimited, Inc. | green | “mere allegations, or conjecture unsupported in the record, are insufficient to raise a genuine issue of material fact.” | 18 |
| 3 | Gooden v. Howard County | green | “police officers latitude in exercising what are inescapably discretionary functions replete with close judgment calls.” | 8 |
| 4 | Thomas C. Lossman v. Mary H. Pekarske | green | “the principles of tort causation apply to constitutional as to other tort suits.” | 5 |
| 5 | Meredith Coleman v. Nyal Frantz, Sheriff of Wells County, Indiana | green | “it would be unwise to engage in a case by case determination of section 1983 immunity based upon the ministerial versus discretionary nature of the particular official act challenged.” | 5 |
| 6 | Cady v. Plymouth-Carver Regional School District | green | “fixed or readily ascertainable standards to fall back upon,” | 5 |
| 7 | Wiley v. Doory | green | “qualified immunity shields a governmental official from liability for civil monetary damages if the officer's 'conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known.' harlow v. fitzgerald, 457 u.s. 800, 818 …” | 5 |
| 8 | Francis A. Willhauck, Jr. v. Paul Halpin | green | “a fourth amendment seizure does not occur when a police officer turns on his blue lights and thereby signals the driver of a vehicle to pull over.” | 4 |
| 9 | Marion C. Buchanan v. United States of America | green | “minute-to-minute decision making in the chaotic circumstances of a riot” | 3 |
| 10 | MAINE SURGICAL SUPPLY, CO. v. Intermedics Orthopedics, Inc. | green | “the terms of the contract must be reasonably certain, such that they provide a basis for determining the existence of a breach and for giving an appropriate remedy.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.