12 C.F.R. § 1083.1
Adjustment of civil penalty amounts
(a) The maximum amount of each civil penalty within the jurisdiction of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to impose is adjusted in accordance with the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, as amended by the Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996 and further amended by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015 (28 U.S.C. 2461 note), as follows:
| Law | Penalty description | Adjusted
maximum civil penalty amount |
|---|---|---|
| 12 U.S.C. 5565(c)(2)(A) | Tier 1 penalty | $7,217 |
| 12 U.S.C. 5565(c)(2)(B) | Tier 2 penalty | 36,083 |
| 12 U.S.C. 5565(c)(2)(C) | Tier 3 penalty | 1,443,275 |
| 15 U.S.C. 1717a(a)(2) | Per violation | 2,515 |
| 15 U.S.C. 1717a(a)(2) | Annual cap | 2,513,215 |
| 12 U.S.C. 2609(d)(1) | Per failure | 118 |
| 12 U.S.C. 2609(d)(1) | Annual cap | 236,451 |
| 12 U.S.C. 2609(d)(2)(A) | Per failure, where intentional | 236 |
| 12 U.S.C. 5113(d)(2) | Per violation | 36,439 |
| 15 U.S.C. 1639e(k)(1) | First violation | 14,435 |
| 15 U.S.C. 1639e(k)(2) | Subsequent violations | 28,866 |
(b) The adjustments in paragraph (a) of this section shall apply to civil penalties assessed after January 15, 2025, whose associated violations occurred on or after November 2, 2015.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 8
cases (4 in the last 5 years), 2019–2025 · leading case: Seila Law LLC v. Consum. Fin. Prot. Bureau, 591 U.S. 197 (2020).
Seila Law LLC v. Consum. Fin. Prot. Bureau, 591 U.S. 197 (2020). “§§5565(a), (c)(2); 12 CFR §1083.1 (a), Table (2019). Since its inception, the CFPB has obtained over $11 billion in relief for over 25 million consumers, including a $1 billion penalty against a single bank in 2018.”
Consum. Fin. Prot. Bureau v. Kaine Wen (9th Cir. 2025). “§ 5565 (c)(2)(B); 12 C.F.R. § 1083.1 (2023). As explained above, Wen’s conduct underlying the liability finding likewise supports the district court’s determination that second-tier penalties were appropriate.”
Seila Law LLC v. Consum. Fin. Prot. Bureau, 591 U.S. 197 (2020). “§§5565(a), (c)(2); 12 CFR §1083.1 (a), Table (2019). Since its inception, the CFPB has obtained over $11 billion in relief for over 25 million consumers, including a $1 billion penalty against a single bank in 2018.”
Seila Law LLC v. Consum. Fin. Prot. Bureau (2020). “§§5565(a), (c)(2); 12 CFR §1083.1 (a), Table (2019). Since its inception, the CFPB has obtained over $11 billion in relief for over 25 million consumers, including a $1 billion penalty against a single bank in 2018.”
Cfpb v. Jawad Nesheiwat (9th Cir. 2022). “§ 5565 (c)(2)(B); 12 C.F.R. § 1083.1 (a). Nesheiwat offers no legal argument to contest the district court’s award, instead asserting that such penalties are “seriously and unjustifiably disproportionate to the penalties imposed against” other defendants.”
Consum. Fin. Prot. Bureau v. Nexus Servs., Inc. (W.D. Va. 2024). “§ 5565 (c)(2)(A)–(C); 12 C.F.R. § 1083.1 . For violations occurring before November 2, 2015, those amounts were $5,000 for Tier 1 violations, $25,000 for Tier 2 violations, and $1,000,000 for Tier 3 violations.”
Consum. Fin. Prot. Bureau v. Nexus Servs., Inc. (W.D. Va. 2024). “§ 5565 (c)(2)(A)–(C); 12 C.F.R. § 1083.1 . For violations occurring before November 2, 2015, those amounts were $5,000 for Tier 1 violations, $25,000 for Tier 2 violations, and $1,000,000 for Tier 3 violations.”
Consum. Fin. Prot. Bureau v. The Mortg. Law Grp., LLP (W.D. Wis. 2019). “See 12 C.F.R. § 1083.1 . Because this lawsuit concerns activities that predate November 2, 2015, the increased civil penalties do not apply here.”
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