49 C.F.R. § 565.13

General requirements

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(a) Each vehicle manufactured in one stage shall have a VIN that is assigned by the manufacturer. Each vehicle manufactured in more than one stage shall have a VIN assigned by the incomplete vehicle manufacturer. Vehicle alterers, as specified in 49 CFR 567.7, shall utilize the VIN assigned by the original manufacturer of the vehicle.

(b) Each VIN shall consist of seventeen (17) characters.

(c) A check digit shall be part of each VIN. The check digit shall appear in position nine (9) of the VIN, on the vehicle and on any transfer documents containing the VIN prepared by the manufacturer to be given to the first owner for purposes other than resale.

(d) The VINs of any two vehicles subject to the Federal motor vehicle safety standards and manufactured within a 60-year period beginning with the 1980 model year shall not be identical.

(e) The VIN of each vehicle shall appear clearly and indelibly upon either a part of the vehicle, other than the glazing, that is not designed to be removed except for repair or upon a separate plate or label that is permanently affixed to such a part.

(f) The VIN for passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, low speed vehicles, and trucks of 4536 kg or less GVWR shall be located inside the passenger compartment. It shall be readable, without moving any part of the vehicle, through the vehicle glazing under daylight lighting conditions by an observer having 20/20 vision (Snellen) whose eye-point is located outside the vehicle adjacent to the left windshield pillar. Each character in the VIN subject to this paragraph shall have a minimum height of 4 mm.

(g) Each character in each VIN shall be one of the letters in the set: [ABCDEFGHJKLMNPRSTUVWXYZ] or a numeral in the set: [0123456789] assigned according to the method given in § 565.15.

(h) All spaces provided for in the VIN must be occupied by a character specified in paragraph (g) of this section.

(i) The type face utilized for each VIN shall consist of capital, sanserif characters.

[73 FR 23379, Apr. 30, 2008, as amended at 74 FR 67977, Dec. 22, 2009]

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 6 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 2009–2023 · leading case: United States v. Wallace, 937 F.3d 130 (2d Cir. 2019).

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United States v. Wallace, 937 F.3d 130 (2d Cir. 2019). · cites it 2× “49 CFR § 565.13 . Among other 14 locations, the VIN must be printed on the vehicle’s registration sticker and on the 15 Federal Label, which is a sticker affixed to the “hinge pillar, door‐latch post, or the 16 door edge that meets the door‐latch post, next to the driver’s…”

v. Cattaneo, 2020 COA 40 (Colo. Ct. App. 2020). “5 (2019); 49 C.F.R. § 565.13 (f) (2019). An express legislative purpose of this requirement is to assist law enforcement officers in recovering stolen vehicles.”

Xiong v. State, 673 S.E.2d 86 (Ga. Ct. App. 2009). “Although the officer only testified that he could not find a VIN “where I normally locate them,” since 1969, a VIN has been required to be permanently placed on each vehicle so that it is visible by a person standing at the left windshield pillar.”

United States v. Jeffrey Samuels, 443 F. App'x 156 (6th Cir. 2011). “960 ; see 49 C.F.R. § 565.13 (e)-(f). As viewing a VIN neither unlawfully extends a lawful traffic stop nor intrudes upon a protectible Fourth Amendment interest, such action need not be supported by reasonable suspicion.”

People v. Karels CA2/7 (Cal. Ct. App. 2023). · cites it 2× “” (Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) Requirements, 49 C.F.R. § 565.13 (f) (2023); see generally 3 VIN had been removed, and the car’s license plates were missing.”

United States v. Dwight Erickson Moss (11th Cir. 2018). “See 49 C.F.R. § 565.13 (b). The MGPD officers then pulled Mr.”

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