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Kansas Statutes Annotated

K.S.A. § 21-4717 (2026)

✓ current as of May 2026
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21-4717.

History: L. 1992, ch. 239, § 17; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 276; L. 1994, ch. 341, § 3; L. 2000, ch. 181, § 10; L. 2009, ch. 32, § 38; Repealed, L. 2010, ch. 136, § 307; July 1, 2011.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 19 cases, 1994–2012 · leading case: State v. Snellings, 273 P.3d 739 (Kan. 2012).
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State v. Snellings, 273 P.3d 739 (Kan. 2012). · cites it 12× “The court noted that the purpose behind K.S.A. 21-4717 is to provide aggravating factors to be considered in determining whether there are substantial and compelling reasons for a departure sentence and not to provide definitions for terms used in the criminal code.”
State v. Cody, 35 P.3d 800 (Kan. 2001). · cites it 2× “Both the State and Cody note that K.S.A. 21-4717 lists aggravating factors which may be considered by a court in drug crimes in determining whether to depart.”
State v. Cody, 10 P.3d 789 (Kan. Ct. App. 2000). · cites it 6× “Before us, defendant contends the Apprendi decision renders Kansas’ upward departure procedure set out in K.S.A. 1999 Supp. 21-4717 unconstitutional.”
In re L.M., 186 P.3d 164 (Kan. 2008). “21-4716(c)(2) or K.S.A. 21-4717(a). K.S.A. 2006 Supp. 38-2371(a)(3).”
State v. Davis, 941 P.2d 946 (Kan. 1997). · cites it 8× “21-4717(a)(l) provides as one aggravating factor that the crime was committed “as part of a major organized drug manufacture, production, cultivation or delivery activity.”
State v. Gonzales, 874 P.2d 612 (Kan. 1994). “The grounds for departure are set forth in K.S.A. 1993 Supp. 21-4716, K.S.A. 1993 Supp.”
State v. Miller, 926 P.2d 652 (Kan. 1996). “21-4716; K.S.A. 21-4717. Motions to depart may be filed by the State or the defendant.”
State v. Adams, 232 P.3d 347 (Kan. Ct. App. 2010). · cites it 2× “The Dalton court also explicitly rejected the argument that the “material of any kind” in the definition of drag paraphernalia caused the elements to be identical in the context of aggravating factors under K.S.A. 21-4717(a)(l)(D): “Even though possession of red phosphorus can…”
State v. Favela, 898 P.2d 1165 (Kan. Ct. App. 1995). · cites it 2× “We are further convinced the Kansas appellate courts should examine the sentencing court's reasons for departures in light of the purposes of the sentencing guidelines and the aggravating and mitigating factors listed in K.S.A. 1994 Supp. 21-4716 and K.S.A. 1994 Supp.”
State v. Walker, 60 P.3d 937 (Kan. 2003). “21-4716 and K.S.A. 21-4717. The upward durational departure here impacts not the underlying prison term but the postrelease supervision period imposed under K.”
State v. Hernandez, 944 P.2d 188 (Kan. Ct. App. 1997). “’’ Here, the departure was granted on a motion of the State alleging defendant’s crimes were part of a major organized drug manufacturing, production, cultivation, or delivery activity contrary to K.S.A. 21-4717(a), which provides in relevant part: “The following aggravating…”
In re P.R.G., 244 P.3d 279 (Kan. Ct. App. 2010). “21-4716(c)(2) or K.S.A. 21-4717(a). K.S.A. 2006 Supp. 38-2371(a)(3).”
Show all 19 citing cases →
— K.S.A. § 21-4717(a) — 6 cases
In re L.M., 186 P.3d 164 (Kan. 2008). “21-4716(c)(2) or K.S.A. 21-4717(a). K.S.A. 2006 Supp. 38-2371(a)(3).”
State v. Hernandez, 944 P.2d 188 (Kan. Ct. App. 1997). “’’ Here, the departure was granted on a motion of the State alleging defendant’s crimes were part of a major organized drug manufacturing, production, cultivation, or delivery activity contrary to K.S.A. 21-4717(a), which provides in relevant part: “The following aggravating…”
In re P.R.G., 244 P.3d 279 (Kan. Ct. App. 2010). “21-4716(c)(2) or K.S.A. 21-4717(a). K.S.A. 2006 Supp. 38-2371(a)(3).”
State v. Cody, 10 P.3d 789 (Kan. Ct. App. 2000). “Before us, defendant contends the Apprendi decision renders Kansas’ upward departure procedure set out in K.S.A. 1999 Supp. 21-4717 unconstitutional.”
In Re Lm, 186 P.3d 164 (Kan. 2008).
— K.S.A. § 21-4717(a)(1) — 1 case
State v. Cody, 10 P.3d 789 (Kan. Ct. App. 2000). “Before us, defendant contends the Apprendi decision renders Kansas’ upward departure procedure set out in K.S.A. 1999 Supp. 21-4717 unconstitutional.”
— K.S.A. § 21-4717(a)(1)(D) — 3 cases
State v. Snellings, 273 P.3d 739 (Kan. 2012). “The court noted that the purpose behind K.S.A. 21-4717 is to provide aggravating factors to be considered in determining whether there are substantial and compelling reasons for a departure sentence and not to provide definitions for terms used in the criminal code.”
State v. Dalton, 207 P.3d 257 (Kan. Ct. App. 2008).
State v. Davis, 941 P.2d 946 (Kan. 1997). “21-4717(a)(l) provides as one aggravating factor that the crime was committed “as part of a major organized drug manufacture, production, cultivation or delivery activity.”
— K.S.A. § 21-4717(a)(1)(F) — 1 case
State v. Davis, 941 P.2d 946 (Kan. 1997). “21-4717(a)(l) provides as one aggravating factor that the crime was committed “as part of a major organized drug manufacture, production, cultivation or delivery activity.”
— K.S.A. § 21-4717(a)(l) — 2 cases
State v. Davis, 941 P.2d 946 (Kan. 1997). “21-4717(a)(l) provides as one aggravating factor that the crime was committed “as part of a major organized drug manufacture, production, cultivation or delivery activity.”
State v. Cody, 10 P.3d 789 (Kan. Ct. App. 2000). “Before us, defendant contends the Apprendi decision renders Kansas’ upward departure procedure set out in K.S.A. 1999 Supp. 21-4717 unconstitutional.”
— K.S.A. § 21-4717(a)(l)(D) — 2 cases
State v. Snellings, 273 P.3d 739 (Kan. 2012). “The court noted that the purpose behind K.S.A. 21-4717 is to provide aggravating factors to be considered in determining whether there are substantial and compelling reasons for a departure sentence and not to provide definitions for terms used in the criminal code.”
State v. Adams, 232 P.3d 347 (Kan. Ct. App. 2010). “The Dalton court also explicitly rejected the argument that the “material of any kind” in the definition of drag paraphernalia caused the elements to be identical in the context of aggravating factors under K.S.A. 21-4717(a)(l)(D): “Even though possession of red phosphorus can…”
— K.S.A. § 21-4717(a)(l)(F) — 1 case
State v. Davis, 941 P.2d 946 (Kan. 1997). “21-4717(a)(l) provides as one aggravating factor that the crime was committed “as part of a major organized drug manufacture, production, cultivation or delivery activity.”
— K.S.A. § 21-4717(a)(l)(G) — 1 case
State v. Hawes, 923 P.2d 1064 (Kan. Ct. App. 1996).
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