Mo. Rev. Stat. » Chapter 570
Missouri Revised Statutes

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 570.023 (2026)

Robbery in the first degree

✓ current as of May 2026
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  570.023.  Robbery in the first degree — penalty. — 1.  A person commits the offense of robbery in the first degree if he or she forcibly steals property and in the course thereof he or she, or another participant in the offense:

  (1)  Causes serious physical injury to any person; or

  (2)  Is armed with a deadly weapon; or

  (3)  Uses or threatens the immediate use of a dangerous instrument against any person; or

  (4)  Displays or threatens the use of what appears to be a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument; or

  (5)  Steals any controlled substance from a pharmacy.

  2.  The offense of robbery in the first degree is a class A felony.

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(L. 1977 S.B. 60, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491)

Transferred 2014; formerly 569.020; Effective 1-01-17

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 32 cases (23 in the last 5 years), 2017–2025 · leading case: Stokeling v. United States, 139 S. Ct. 544 (2019).
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Stokeling v. United States, 139 S. Ct. 544 (2019). “§ 97-3-79 (2014) ; Mo. Rev. Stat. §§ 570.023 (1)(1), (3)-(4) (2016) ; Neb.”
Cornell McKay v. City of St. Louis, 960 F.3d 1094 (8th Cir. 2020). “A grand jury subsequently charged McKay with one count of first-degree armed robbery, see Mo. Rev. Stat. § 570.023 , and one count of armed criminal action, see Mo.”
United States v. Tre Tate, 999 F.3d 374 (6th Cir. 2021). “16-11-330(A), or “what appears to be a deadly weapon,” Mo. Rev. Stat. § 570.023 (1)(4); see Del.”
Javon Brown v. State of Mississippi, 217 So. 3d 805 (Miss. Ct. App. 2017). “020 (transferred to Mo. Rev. Stat. § 570.023 ).”
State v. Barrett, 514 S.W.3d 46 (Mo. Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 2× “However, the crime of first-degree robbery was transferred to section 570.023 in 2014, effective January 1, 2017.”
In re Kelan W., 2022 IL 128031 (Ill. 2022). “023 of Missouri’s Revised Criminal Code ( Mo. Rev. Stat. § 570.023 (Supp. 2017)) (robbery, first degree).”
United States v. Courtney Witherspoon, 974 F.3d 876 (8th Cir. 2020). “See Mo. Rev. Stat. §§ 570.023 , 570.025. -4- When a statutory offense categorically qualifies as a violent felony, review of the limited materials authorized by Shepard, such as the charging document, is unnecessary.”
State of Missouri v. Xavier Blake Gee (Mo. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 12× “110, two counts of robbery in the first degree under section 570.023, and two counts of armed criminal action under section 571.”
State of Missouri v. Robert Lee Young (Mo. Ct. App. 2021). · cites it 6× “Young was charged, by “Indictment,” with the class A felony of robbery in the first degree (Count I), pursuant to section 570.023, occurring on June 21, 2018; felony armed criminal action (Count II), pursuant to section 571.”
State of Missouri v. Justin Salyers (Mo. Ct. App. 2021). · cites it 6× “Salyers was charged, by amended information, with the class A felony of robbery in the first degree, pursuant to section 570.023,1 for the June 26, 2019 robbery.”
State of Missouri v. Nathan R. Hendricks (Mo. Ct. App. 2021). · cites it 5× “Point Two: Sufficiency of the Information to Charge Attempted Robbery in the First Degree Hendricks's second point on appeal concerns Count IV of the information, which charged Hendricks as follows: [T]he defendant, in violation of Section 570.023, RSMo, committed the class B…”
Montel Berry v. State of Missouri (Mo. Ct. App. 2023). · cites it 5× “On January 1, 2017, this offense was moved to section 570.023, RSMo (2016). Section 570.”
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