N.Y. Laws » CHAPTER Penal / PART Administrative Provisions / TITLE Hate Crimes Act of 2000 / ARTICLE Hate Crimes
New York Consolidated Laws

N.Y. Penal Law § 485.10 (2026)

Sentencing

✓ text as retrieved May 2026 (this copy records no edition or section history)
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§ 485.10 Sentencing.
  1. When a person is convicted of a hate crime pursuant to this
article, and the specified offense is a violent felony offense, as
defined in section 70.02 of this chapter, the hate crime shall be deemed
a violent felony offense.
  2. When a person is convicted of a hate crime pursuant to this article
and the specified offense is a misdemeanor or a class C, D or E felony,
the hate crime shall be deemed to be one category higher than the
specified offense the defendant committed, or one category higher than
the offense level applicable to the defendant's conviction for an
attempt or conspiracy to commit a specified offense, whichever is
applicable.
  3. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, when a person is
convicted of a hate crime pursuant to this article and the specified
offense is a class B felony:
  (a) the maximum term of the indeterminate sentence must be at least
six years if the defendant is sentenced pursuant to section 70.00 of
this chapter;
  (b) the term of the determinate sentence must be at least eight years
if the defendant is sentenced pursuant to section 70.02 of this chapter;
  (c) the term of the determinate sentence must be at least twelve years
if the defendant is sentenced pursuant to section 70.04 of this chapter;
  (d) the maximum term of the indeterminate sentence must be at least
four years if the defendant is sentenced pursuant to section 70.05 of
this chapter; and
  (e) the maximum term of the indeterminate sentence or the term of the
determinate sentence must be at least ten years if the defendant is
sentenced pursuant to section 70.06 of this chapter.
  4. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, when a person is
convicted of a hate crime pursuant to this article and the specified
offense is a class A-1 felony, the minimum period of the indeterminate
sentence shall be not less than twenty years.
  5. In addition to any of the dispositions authorized by this chapter,
the court shall require as part of the sentence imposed upon a person
convicted of a hate crime pursuant to this article, that the defendant
complete a program, training session or counseling session directed at
hate crime prevention and education, where the court determines such
program, training session or counseling session is appropriate,
available and was developed or authorized by the court or local agencies
in cooperation with organizations serving the affected community.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 4 cases, 2013–2014 · leading case: The People v. Dwight R. DeLee, 26 N.E.3d 210 (N.Y. 2014).
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The People v. Dwight R. DeLee, 26 N.E.3d 210 (N.Y. 2014). · cites it 6× “The Legislature's treatment of hate crimes as greater offenses is further codified in Penal Law § 485.10, which provides that when a defendant is convicted of a hate crime and "the specified [equivalent ordinary] offense is a misdemeanor or a class C, D or E felony," the hate…”
People v. DeLee, 108 A.D.3d 1145 (N.Y. App. Div. 4th Dep't 2013). “Although the majority states that both offenses are class B violent felony offenses and “it thus cannot be said that one is the lesser of the other,” the statute imposes an enhanced sentence on a defendant convicted of manslaughter in the first degree as a hate crime in…”
Delee, Dwight, People v., No. KA 09-02479 (N.Y. App. Div. 4th Dep't July 19, 2013). “Although the majority states that both offenses are class B violent felony offenses and “it thus cannot be said that one is the lesser of the other,” the statute imposes an enhanced sentence on a defendant convicted of manslaughter in the first degree as a hate crime in…”
People v. DeLee, 108 A.D.3d 1145 (N.Y. App. Div. 4th Dep't 2013). “Although the majority states that both offenses are class B violent felony offenses and “it thus cannot be said that one is the lesser of the other,” the statute imposes an enhanced sentence on a defendant convicted of manslaughter in the first degree as a hate crime in…”
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