Ohio Rev. Code » Chapter 2913
Ohio Revised Code

Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.32 (2026)

Criminal simulation

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Effective:
September 30, 2011
Latest Legislation:
House Bill 86 - 129th General Assembly
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(A) No person, with purpose to defraud, or knowing that the person is facilitating a fraud, shall do any of the following:

(1) Make or alter any object so that it appears to have value because of antiquity, rarity, curiosity, source, or authorship, which it does not in fact possess;

(2) Practice deception in making, retouching, editing, or reproducing any photograph, movie film, video tape, phonograph record, or recording tape;

(3) Falsely or fraudulently make, simulate, forge, alter, or counterfeit any wrapper, label, stamp, cork, or cap prescribed by the liquor control commission under Chapters 4301. and 4303. of the Revised Code, falsely or fraudulently cause to be made, simulated, forged, altered, or counterfeited any wrapper, label, stamp, cork, or cap prescribed by the liquor control commission under Chapters 4301. and 4303. of the Revised Code, or use more than once any wrapper, label, stamp, cork, or cap prescribed by the liquor control commission under Chapters 4301. and 4303. of the Revised Code.

(4) Utter, or possess with purpose to utter, any object that the person knows to have been simulated as provided in division (A)(1), (2), or (3) of this section.

(B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of criminal simulation. Except as otherwise provided in this division, criminal simulation is a misdemeanor of the first degree. If the loss to the victim is one thousand dollars or more and is less than seven thousand five hundred dollars, criminal simulation is a felony of the fifth degree. If the loss to the victim is seven thousand five hundred dollars or more and is less than one hundred fifty thousand dollars, criminal simulation is a felony of the fourth degree. If the loss to the victim is one hundred fifty thousand dollars or more, criminal simulation is a felony of the third degree.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 9 cases (2 in the last 5 years), 1987–2025 · leading case: State v. Chappell, 2010-Ohio-5991, 127 Ohio St. 3d 376.
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State v. Chappell, 2010-Ohio-5991, 127 Ohio St. 3d 376. · cites it 2× “Relevant Background {¶ 4} Chappell was indicted on two counts of criminal simulation in violation of R.C. 2913.32, one count of receiving stolen property in violation of R.”
State v. Troisi, 901 N.E.2d 856 (Ohio Ct. App. 11th Dist. 2008). “{¶ 3} Appellant was subsequently indicted on one count of criminal simulation, in violation of R.C. 2913.32(A)(4), a felony of the third degree; two counts of trademark counterfeiting, in violation of R.”
City of E. Cleveland v. Hall, 2018-Ohio-2198, 114 N.E.3d 316. · cites it 6× “The Committee Comment to R.C. 2913.32 states: This section is designed to prohibit forgery where the subject of the offense is not a writing but an object.”
State v. Troisi, 2010-Ohio-275, 124 Ohio St. 3d 404. · cites it 2× “” {¶ 3} Troisi was indicted on four counts: R.C. 2913.32(A)(4), R.C. 2913.34(A)(4) and (5), and R.”
United States v. Tyren Cervenak, 135 F.4th 311 (6th Cir. 2025). “31 (forgery); Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.32 (criminal simulation, including fraudulently altering liquor control labels and deceptively retouching audiovisual material).”
Cleveland v. Brown, 2012-Ohio-702. · cites it 2× “The statute provides in pertinent part: (A) No person, with purpose to defraud, or knowing that he is facilitating a fraud, shall do any of the following: (1) Make or alter any object so that it appears to have value because of antiquity, rarity, curiosity, source, or…”
State v. Bolar, 530 N.E.2d 940 (Ohio Ct. App. 8th Dist. 1987). “02), criminal simulation (R.C. 2913.32), tampering with records (R.”
State v. Primous, 840 N.E.2d 1142 (Ohio Ct. App. 2d Dist. 2005). “11, and criminal simulation, a violation of R.C. 2913.32. Both charges were based on a single personal check that Primous had passed to a retail store.”
United States v. Tyren Cervenak, No. 23-3466 (6th Cir. Apr. 2, 2025). “31 (forgery); Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.32 (criminal simulation, including fraudulently altering liquor control labels and deceptively retouching audiovisual material).”
Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.32(A): 1 case
City of E. Cleveland v. Hall, 2018-Ohio-2198, 114 N.E.3d 316. “The Committee Comment to R.C. 2913.32 states: This section is designed to prohibit forgery where the subject of the offense is not a writing but an object.”
Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.32(A)(4): 3 cases
State v. Troisi, 901 N.E.2d 856 (Ohio Ct. App. 11th Dist. 2008). “{¶ 3} Appellant was subsequently indicted on one count of criminal simulation, in violation of R.C. 2913.32(A)(4), a felony of the third degree; two counts of trademark counterfeiting, in violation of R.”
State v. Troisi, 2010-Ohio-275, 124 Ohio St. 3d 404. “” {¶ 3} Troisi was indicted on four counts: R.C. 2913.32(A)(4), R.C. 2913.34(A)(4) and (5), and R.”
City of E. Cleveland v. Hall, 2018-Ohio-2198, 114 N.E.3d 316. “The Committee Comment to R.C. 2913.32 states: This section is designed to prohibit forgery where the subject of the offense is not a writing but an object.”
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