Wisconsin Statutes

Wis. Stat. § 40.65 (2026)

Duty disability and death benefits; protective occupation participants

✓ current as of July 2026

Find cases: SyfertCases citing this section WI-LEGdocs.legis.wisconsin.gov JustiaChapter on Justia CornellLII Search CasesGoogle Scholar

40.6540.65 Duty disability and death benefits; protective occupation participants.

40.65(2)(2)

40.65(2)(a)(a) This paragraph applies to participants who first apply for benefits before May 3, 1988. Any person desiring a benefit under this section must apply to the department of workforce development, which department shall determine whether the applicant is eligible to receive the benefit and the participant’s monthly salary. Appeals from the eligibility decision shall follow the procedures under ss. 102.16 to 102.26. If it is determined that an applicant is eligible, the department of workforce development shall notify the department of employee trust funds and shall certify the applicant’s monthly salary. If at the time of application for benefits an applicant is still employed in any capacity by the employer in whose employ the disabling injury occurred or disease was contracted, that continued employment shall not affect that applicant’s right to have his or her eligibility to receive those benefits determined in proceedings before the department of workforce development or the labor and industry review commission or in proceedings in the courts. The department of workforce development may promulgate rules needed to administer this paragraph.

40.65(2)(b)(b)

40.65(2)(b)1.1. This paragraph applies to participants who first apply for benefits under this section on or after May 3, 1988.

40.65(2)(b)2.2. An applicant for benefits under this section shall submit or have submitted to the department an application that includes written certification of the applicant’s disability under sub. (4) by at least 2 physicians, as defined in s. 448.01 (5), who practice in this state and one of whom is approved or appointed by the department, and a statement from the applicant’s employer that the injury or disease leading to the disability was duty-related.

40.65(2)(b)3.3. The department shall determine whether or not the applicant is eligible for benefits under this section on the basis of the evidence in subd. 2. An applicant may appeal a determination under this subdivision to the department of workforce development.

40.65(2)(b)4.4. In hearing an appeal under subd. 3., the department of workforce development shall follow the procedures under ss. 102.16 to 102.26.

40.65(2)(b)5.5. The department shall be an interested party in an appeal under subd. 3., and the department shall receive legal assistance from the department of justice, as provided under s. 165.25 (4).

40.65(3)(3) The Wisconsin retirement board shall determine the amount of each monthly benefit payable under this section and its effective date. The board shall periodically review the dollar amount of each monthly benefit and adjust it to conform with the provisions of this section. The board may request any income or benefit information, or any information concerning a person’s marital status, which it considers to be necessary to implement this subsection and may require a participant to authorize the board to obtain a copy of his or her most recent state or federal income tax return. The board may terminate the monthly benefit of any person who refuses to submit information requested by the board, who refuses to authorize the board to obtain a copy of his or her most recent state or federal income tax return, or who submits false information to the board.

40.65(4)(4) A protective occupation participant is entitled to a duty disability benefit as provided in this section if:

40.65(4)(a)(a) The employee is injured while performing his or her duty or contracts a disease due to his or her occupation;

40.65(4)(b)(b) The disability is likely to be permanent; and

40.65(4)(c)(c)

40.65(4)(c)1.1. The disability causes the employee to retire from his or her job;

40.65(4)(c)2.2. The employee’s pay or position is reduced or he or she is assigned to light duty; or

40.65(4)(c)3.3. The employee’s promotional opportunities within the service are adversely affected if state or local employer rules, ordinances, policies or written agreements specifically prohibit promotion because of the disability.

40.65(4m)(4m) A protective occupation participant who is a state motor vehicle inspector hired on or after January 1, 1968, is not entitled to a duty disability benefit under this section for an injury or disease occurring before May 1, 1990.

40.65(4r)(4r) A protective occupation participant who is an emergency medical services practitioner, as defined in s. 256.01 (5), is not entitled to a duty disability benefit under this section for an injury or disease occurring before the date on which the department receives notification of the participant’s name as provided in s. 40.06 (1) (d) and (dm).

40.65(4v)(4v) A state probation and parole officer who becomes a protective occupation participant on or after January 1, 1999, is not entitled to a duty disability benefit under this section for an injury or disease occurring before January 1, 1999.

40.65(4w)(4w) A county jailer who becomes a protective occupation participant on or after January 1, 2024, is not entitled to a duty disability benefit under this section for an injury or disease occurring before January 1, 2024.

40.65(5)(5)

40.65(5)(a)(a) The monthly benefit payable to participants who qualify for benefits under s. 40.63 or disability benefits under OASDHI is 80 percent of the participant’s monthly salary adjusted under par. (b) and sub. (6), except that the 80 percent shall be reduced by 0.5 percent for each month of creditable service over 30 years or over 25 years for persons who are eligible for benefits under subch. II at the date of application, but not to less than 50 percent of the participant’s monthly salary. For participants who do not qualify for benefits under s. 40.63 or disability benefits under OASDHI, the monthly benefit under this section is 75 percent of the participant’s monthly salary adjusted under par. (b) and sub. (6), except that the 75 percent shall be reduced by 0.5 percent for each month of creditable service over 30 years or over 25 years for persons who are eligible for benefits under subch. II on the date of application.

40.65(5)(b)(b) The Wisconsin retirement board shall reduce the amount of a participant’s monthly benefit under this section by the amounts under subds. 1. to 6., except that the board may determine not to reduce a participant’s benefit because of income related to therapy or rehabilitation. The Wisconsin retirement board may assume that any benefit or amount listed under subds. 1. to 6. is payable to a participant until it is determined to the board’s satisfaction that the participant is ineligible to receive the benefit or amount, except that the department shall withhold an amount equal to 5 percent of the monthly benefit under this section until the amount payable under subd. 3. is determined.

40.65(5)(b)1.1. Any OASDHI benefit payable to the participant or the participant’s spouse, domestic partner, or a dependent because of the participant’s work record.

40.65(5)(b)2.2. Any unemployment insurance benefit payable to the participant because of his or her work record.

40.65(5)(b)3.3. Any worker’s compensation benefit payable to the participant, including payments made pursuant to a compromise settlement under s. 102.16 (1). A lump sum worker’s compensation payment or compromise settlement shall reduce the participant’s benefit under this section in monthly amounts equal to 4.3 times the maximum benefit which would otherwise be payable under ch. 102 for the participant’s disability until the lump sum amount is exhausted.

40.65(5)(b)4.4. Any disability and retirement benefit payable to the participant under this chapter, or under any other retirement system, that is based upon the participant’s earnings record and years of service. A reduction under this subdivision may not be greater in amount than the amount of disability or retirement benefit received by the participant. If the participant is not eligible for a retirement benefit because he or she received a lump sum payment or withdrew his or her contributions on or after the date the participant became eligible to receive a benefit under this section, the amount received or withdrawn shall reduce the participant’s benefit under this section in the amount of benefit that would be payable if, on the date the amount was received or withdrawn, the full amount received or withdrawn was applied under s. 40.23 (2m) (d) as additional employee contributions credited to the participant’s account.

40.65(5)(b)5.5. All earnings payable to the participant from the employer under whom the duty disability occurred.

40.65(5)(b)6.6. All earnings payable to the participant from an employer, other than the employer under whom the duty disability occurred, and all income from self-employment, the total of such earnings and income shall reduce the participant’s benefit as follows:

40.65(5)(b)6.a.a. For the amount of the total that is less than 40 percent of the participant’s monthly salary, one-third of such amount;

40.65(5)(b)6.b.b. For the amount of the total that is from 40 percent to 80 percent of the participant’s monthly salary, one-half of such amount; and

40.65(5)(b)6.c.c. For the amount of the total that is more than 80 percent of the participant’s monthly salary, two-thirds of such amount.

40.65(5)(c)(c) The Wisconsin retirement board may not reduce a participant’s benefit because of income or benefits that are attributable to the earnings or work record of the participant’s spouse, domestic partner, or other member of the participant’s family, or because of income or benefits attributable to an insurance contract, including income continuation programs.

40.65(6)(6) The Wisconsin retirement board shall adjust the monthly salary of every participant receiving a benefit under this section using the salary index for the previous calendar year as follows:

40.65(6)(a)(a) For the purposes of sub. (5) (b) 6., annually on January 1 until the participant’s death;

40.65(6)(b)(b) For the purposes of sub. (5) (a), if the participant is receiving an annuity under s. 40.63 (1), annually on January 1 until the participant’s death; and

40.65(6)(c)(c) For the purposes of sub. (5) (a), if the participant is not receiving an annuity under s. 40.63 (1), annually on January 1 until the first January 1 after the participant’s 60th birthday. Beginning on the January 1 after the participant’s 60th birthday the participant’s monthly salary shall be increased annually in a percentage amount equal to the percentage amount of dividend awarded under s. 40.27 (2) until the participant’s death. Notwithstanding s. 40.27 (2), any benefits payable under this section are not subject to distribution of annuity reserve surpluses.

40.65(7)(7)

40.65(7)(a)(a) This paragraph applies to benefits based on applications filed before May 3, 1988. If a protective occupation participant dies as a result of an injury or a disease for which a benefit is paid or would be payable under sub. (4), and the participant is survived by a spouse or an unmarried child under age 18, a monthly benefit shall be paid as follows:

40.65(7)(a)1.1. To the surviving spouse, if the spouse was married to the participant on the date the participant was disabled within the meaning of sub. (4), one-third of the participant’s monthly salary as reflected at the time of death until the surviving spouse marries again.

40.65(7)(a)2.2. To the guardian of a surviving unmarried child under age 18, $15 per child until the child marries, dies or reaches 18 years of age.

40.65(7)(a)3.3. The total monthly amount paid under subds. 1. and 2. may not exceed 65 percent of the participant’s monthly salary as reflected at the time of death. Any reduction of benefits caused by such limitation shall be done on a proportional basis.

40.65(7)(am)(am) This paragraph applies to benefits based on applications filed on or after May 3, 1988. If a protective occupation participant dies as a result of an injury or a disease for which a benefit is paid or would be payable under sub. (4), and the participant is survived by a spouse, domestic partner, or an unmarried child under the age of 18, a monthly benefit shall be paid as follows:

40.65(7)(am)1.1. To the surviving spouse until the surviving spouse remarries, if the spouse was married to the participant on the date that the participant was disabled under sub. (4), 50 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death, but reduced by any amount payable under sub. (5) (b) 1. to 6.

40.65(7)(am)1g.1g. To the surviving spouse until the surviving spouse remarries, if the spouse was in a domestic partnership with the participant on the date that the participant was disabled under sub. (4) and the disability under sub. (4) occurred before January 1, 2018, 50 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death, but reduced by any amount payable under sub. (5) (b) 1. to 6.

40.65(7)(am)1m.1m. To the surviving domestic partner until the surviving domestic partner marries, if the domestic partner was in a domestic partnership with the participant on the date that the participant was disabled under sub. (4) and the disability under sub. (4) occurred before January 1, 2018, 50 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death, but reduced by any amount payable under sub. (5) (b) 1. to 6.

40.65(7)(am)2.2. To a guardian for each of that guardian’s wards who is an unmarried surviving child under the age of 18, 10 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death, payable until the child marries, dies or reaches the age of 18, whichever occurs first. The marital or domestic partnership status of the surviving spouse or domestic partner shall have no effect on the payments under this subdivision.

40.65(7)(am)3.3. The total monthly amount paid under subds. 1., 1g., 1m., and 2. may not exceed 70 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death reduced by any amounts under sub. (5) (b) 1. to 6. that relate to the participant’s work record.

40.65(7)(am)4.4. Benefits payable under this paragraph shall be increased each January 1 by the salary index determined for the prior year.

40.65(7)(ar)(ar)

40.65(7)(ar)1.1. This paragraph applies to benefits based on applications filed on or after May 12, 1998. If a protective occupation participant, who is covered by the presumption under s. 891.455, dies as a result of an injury or a disease for which a benefit is paid or would be payable under sub. (4), and the participant is survived by a spouse, domestic partner, or an unmarried child under the age of 18, a monthly benefit shall be paid as follows:

40.65(7)(ar)1.a.a. To the surviving spouse until the surviving spouse remarries, if the surviving spouse was married to the participant on the date that the participant was disabled under sub. (4), 70 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death, but reduced by any amount payable under sub. (5) (b) 1. to 6.

40.65(7)(ar)1.ag.ag. To the surviving spouse until the surviving spouse remarries, if the spouse was in a domestic partnership with the participant on the date that the participant was disabled under sub. (4) and the disability under sub. (4) occurred before January 1, 2018, 70 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death, but reduced by any amount payable under sub. (5) (b) 1. to 6.

40.65(7)(ar)1.am.am. To the surviving domestic partner until the surviving domestic partner marries, if the domestic partner was in a domestic partnership with the participant on the date that the participant was disabled under sub. (4) and the disability under sub. (4) occurred before January 1, 2018, 70 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death, but reduced by any amount payable under sub. (5) (b) 1. to 6.

40.65(7)(ar)1.b.b. If there is no surviving spouse or domestic partner or the surviving spouse or domestic partner subsequently dies, to a guardian for each of that guardian’s wards who is an unmarried surviving child under the age of 18, 10 percent of the participant’s monthly salary at the time of death, payable until the child marries, dies or reaches the age of 18, whichever occurs first.

40.65(7)(ar)2.2. Benefits payable under this paragraph shall be increased each January 1 by the salary index determined for the prior year.

40.65(7)(b)(b) Any person entitled to a benefit under both this subsection and ch. 102 because of the death of the same participant, shall have his or her benefit under this subsection reduced in an amount equal to the death benefit payable under ch. 102.

40.65(9)(9) This section is applicable to protective occupation participants who apply for a benefit under this section on or after July 1, 1982. A participant may not apply for a benefit under this section if he or she is receiving a benefit under s. 66.191, 1981 stats., on July 1, 1982.

40.65 HistoryHistory: 1981 c. 278; 1983 a. 9; 1983 a. 141 s. 20; 1983 a. 191 s. 6; 1983 a. 255; 1985 a. 332 s. 251 (1); 1987 a. 363; 1989 a. 240, 357; 1995 a. 27 s. 9130 (4); 1997 a. 3, 39, 173, 237; 2007 a. 131; 2009 a. 28; 2015 a. 55; 2017 a. 12, 59; 2023 a. 4; 2025 a. 33, 145.

40.65 Cross-referenceCross-reference: See s. 891.45 for provision as to presumption of employment-connected disease for certain municipal fire fighters.

40.65 Cross-referenceCross-reference: See also LIRC and ss. ETF 52.01 and HA 4.16, Wis. adm. code.

40.65 AnnotationThe Wisconsin Retirement Board may not reduce duty disability benefits under sub. (5) (b) 3. for worker’s compensation benefits that are paid to a participant before the duty disability payments commence, and may do so only for worker’s compensation not yet paid. Coutts v. Wisconsin Retirement Board, 209 Wis. 2d 655, 563 N.W.2d 917 (1997), 95-1905.

40.65 AnnotationThe Retirement Board is authorized to promulgate administrative rules interpreting sub. (3). Kuester v. Wisconsin Retirement Board, 2004 WI App 10, 269 Wis. 2d 462, 674 N.W.2d 877, 03-0056.

40.65 AnnotationThe Retirement Board correctly construed sub. (5) (b) in determining duty disability benefits when it reduced those benefits by earnings and lump sum worker’s compensation benefits received after the effective date of the duty disability benefits. The board was reasonable in reading Coutts to hold that the statutorily specified sums are payable when they are received and that it is proper to offset them against duty disability benefits. Carey v. Wisconsin Retirement Board, 2007 WI App 17, 298 Wis. 2d 373, 728 N.W.2d 22, 06-1233.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 17 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1986–2026 · leading case: Coutts v. Wisconsin Ret. Bd., 547 N.W.2d 821 (Wis. Ct. App. 1996).

Sort: Relevance Newest Treatment

Coutts v. Wisconsin Ret. Bd., 547 N.W.2d 821 (Wis. Ct. App. 1996). · cites it 130× “In May 1989, the Department of Employe Trust Funds (DETF) determined that as a result of this injury, Coutts was also eligible to receive, under § 40.65, STATS., duty disability benefits.”

Coutts v. Wisconsin Ret. Bd., 562 N.W.2d 917 (Wis. 1997). · cites it 37× “Coutts also applied for duty disability benefits under Wis. Stat. § 40.65 . 4 In May 1989, the Department of Employe Trust Funds (DETF) advised Coutts that he was eligible to receive duty disability benefits.”

Cnty. of La Crosse v. Wisconsin Emp. Relations Comm'n, 488 N.W.2d 94 (Wis. 1992). · cites it 8× “In the memorandum, the Director of Retirement Research outlined alternatives that the Ad Hoc Committee could consider: do nothing; amend the definition of protective occupation participants to include jailers; expand the eligibility definition for benefits under sec. 40.65,…”

Wisconsin Prof'l Police Ass'n v. Lightbourn, 2001 WI 59 (Wis. 2001). · cites it 2× “57 The 12 accounts are as follows: (1) Wis. Stat. § 40.65 duty disability reserve, (2) income continuation insurance reserve, (3) long term disability insurance reserve, (4) accumulated sick leave conversion credits, (5) Milwaukee death benefit account, (6) Milwaukee retirement…”

Rugg v. Labor & Indus. Review Comm'n, 400 N.W.2d 499 (Wis. Ct. App. 1986). · cites it 10× “Rugg appeals from a circuit court judgment which confirmed the Labor and Industry Review Commission’s holding that Rugg is not eligible for special disability benefits pursuant to sec. 40.65, Stats. Because we agree that Rugg is not a “participating employe” under the relevant…”

Salveson v. Douglas Cnty., 2001 WI 100 (Wis. 2001). “§ 40.65(4) (1995-96) provided: (4) A protective occupation participant is entitled to a duty disability benefit as provided in this section if: (a) The employe is injured while performing his or her duty or contracts a disease due to his or her occupation; (b) The disability is…”

Kuester v. Wisconsin Ret. Bd., 2004 WI App 10 (Wis. Ct. App. 2003). · cites it 43× “Duane Kuester, a retired firefighter, challenges the administrative rule the Wisconsin Retirement Board applied in determining that he was not entitled to receive duty disability benefits under Wis. Stat. § 40.65 (2001-02). 1 He contends Wis.”

Bretl v. Labor & Indus. Review Comm'n, 553 N.W.2d 550 (Wis. Ct. App. 1996). · cites it 2× “, and duty disability benefits under §40.65, Stats., on October 17, 1991, claiming that he was permanently disabled for police duties because of psychological injuries.”

Salveson v. Douglas Cnty., 2000 WI App 80 (Wis. Ct. App. 2000). · cites it 2× “See Wis. Stat. § 40.65 (5)(b). If the State is able to recoup some of Salveson's benefits, any windfall would be reduced.”

Leist v. Labor & Indus. Review Comm'n, 515 N.W.2d 268 (Wis. 1994). “Leist applied for disability benefits under sec. 40.65, Stats., and was found ineligible by the Department of Employe Trust Funds.”

Vill. of Random Lake v. Labor & Indus. Review Comm'n, 415 N.W.2d 577 (Wis. Ct. App. 1987). · cites it 6× “By letter of June 23, Gillette broadened his duty disability claim to sec. 40.65, Stats., a statute which was not scheduled to become effective until July 1, 1982, when sec.”

Thomsen v. Wisconsin Emp. Relations Comm'n, 2000 WI App 90 (Wis. Ct. App. 2000). · cites it 2× “During the mediation session, Thomsen advised Urso that he (Thomsen) would not sign any settlement until the settlement had been reviewed and approved by his attorney and, at the time of this conversation, Urso knew that Thomsen had a pending Wis. Stat. § 40.65 claim as well as…”

Show all 17 citing cases →

— Wis. Stat. § 40.65(2) — 1 case

Kuester v. Wisconsin Ret. Bd., 2004 WI App 10 (Wis. Ct. App. 2003). “Duane Kuester, a retired firefighter, challenges the administrative rule the Wisconsin Retirement Board applied in determining that he was not entitled to receive duty disability benefits under Wis. Stat. § 40.65 (2001-02). 1 He contends Wis.”

— Wis. Stat. § 40.65(2)(a) — 1 case

— Wis. Stat. § 40.65(2)(b) — 2 cases

Coutts v. Wisconsin Ret. Bd., 547 N.W.2d 821 (Wis. Ct. App. 1996). “In May 1989, the Department of Employe Trust Funds (DETF) determined that as a result of this injury, Coutts was also eligible to receive, under § 40.65, STATS., duty disability benefits.”

— Wis. Stat. § 40.65(3) — 2 cases