Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 381 S.E.2d 322 (Ga. Ct. App. 1989). · Go Syfert
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 381 S.E.2d 322 (Ga. Ct. App. 1989). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
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cited 7× by 5 distinct cases, last quoted 1997↓ Fading · …it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one. at p. 256 Topic ↗
167 citation events (97 in the last 25 years) across 8 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Watson v. Union Camp Corp. (gasd, 1994-08-22)
Treatment trajectory · 1989 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1989 2007 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Watson v. Union Camp Corp. (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
S.D. Ga. · 1994 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
ambiguity cannot be created merely by ingenuity of counsel.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Ansley v. Ansley (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2010 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
the question whether the parties' mutual conduct caused a waiver and effected a quasi-new agreement ordinarily is a question for the jury.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Euler-Siac SPA v. Drama Marble Co., Inc. (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2005 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a party to a contract may waive contractual provisions for his benefit.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Ogden v. Auto-Owners Insurance (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Ga. Ct. App. · 2001 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
a waiver may be express, or may be inferred from actions, conduct, or a course of dealing. waiver of a contract right may result from a party's conduct showing his election between two inconsistent rights.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Gleaton & Associates, Inc. v. Laquita Cornelius
Ga. Ct. App. · 2023 · confidence medium
“The existence or non-existence of an ambiguity is itself a question of law for the court[,]” and “[l]anguage which is unambiguous will not be construed as ambiguous based on extrinsic circumstances.” Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989) (citation and punctuation omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Dolan v. Air Mechanix, LLC
S.D. Ga. · 2019 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 381 S.E.2d 322, 323 (Ga. Ct. App. 1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Chris Freund v. Neil Warren, in His Official Capacity as Sheriff of Cobb County
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989). 8 conceded that no action was taken to transfer ownership of the CDs to All Cobb Bail Bonds, Inc. Additionally, the Deposit Agreement consistently refers to All Cobb Bail Bonds and not to All Cobb Bail Bonds, Inc. Hall has submitted an affidavit which contradicts his deposition testimony in numerous respects without explanation.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Freund v. Warren
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255,256 ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Hadley v. Countrywide Home Loans, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2012 · confidence medium
Waiver of a contract right may result from a party’s conduct showing his election between two inconsistent rights.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Westmoreland v. JW, LLC
Ga. Ct. App. · 2012 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) In Re Checking Account Overdraft Litigation
S.D. Fla. · 2011 · confidence medium
Accordingly, Regions argues that the Court should simply sever any objectionable terms from the Agreement, and enforce the arbitration clause without those terms. 10 However, Regions has waived its right to rely on this term of the Agreement, Under Georgia law, it is “well-recognized that a party to a contract may waive contractual provisions for his benefit.” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga.App. 255 , 381 S.E.2d 322, 324 (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) AAF-McQuay, Inc. v. Willis (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Ga. Ct. App. · 2011 · confidence medium
See DuPree v. South Atlantic Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists, 299 Ga. App. 352, 354-355 ( 683 SE2d 1 ) (2009); Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257-258 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989); Royal Atlanta Dev.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Rolan v. Glass
Ga. Ct. App. · 2010 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Denise Henninger v. The Standard Ins. Co. (2×) also: Cited "see"
11th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
“A word or phrase is ambiguous when it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.” Kusuma v. Metametnx, Inc., 191 Ga.App. 255 , 381 S.E.2d 322, 323 (1989) (quotations omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) DuPree v. South Atlantic Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2009 · confidence medium
Hodges Enterprises, 141 Ga. App. 838, 838-839 (1) ( 234 SE2d 676 ) (1977). . 7 See Jordan v. Flynt, 240 Ga. 359, 366-367 (3) (b) ( 240 SE2d 858 ) (1977); Royal Atlanta Dev., supra at 839 (1). 8 See Jordan, supra. 9 Royal Atlanta Dev., supra; Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989) (18-month delay in exercising termination option gives rise to a jury question regarding party’s intent in failing to timely assert its termination rights). 10 See Jordan, supra at 366 (3) (b). 11 Id. at 366-367 (3) (b) (in action for specific performance, seller refused to exe…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Sammy L. Sims v. Patricia J. Taylor (2×)
11th Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga.App. 255 , 381 S.E.2d 322, 324 (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Vakilzadeh Enterprises, Inc. v. Housing Authority of County of Dekalb
Ga. Ct. App. · 2006 · confidence medium
Constr. v. Berry, 21 & Ga. App. 485, 486-487 (1) ( 623 SE2d 691 ) (2005) (involving claimed waiver of a right to sue by reason of an insurance provision in a contract; no claim that insurance provision was waived); MNM 5, Inc. v. Anderson/6438 Northeast Partners, Ltd., 215 Ga. App. 407, 410 (2) ( 451 SE2d 788 ) (1994) (distinguishing knowing, voluntary, and permanent waiver of a right from temporary suspension of a right under OCGA § 13-4-4). 3 See Parkside Center v. Chicagoland Vending, 250 Ga. App. 607, 612 (3) ( 552 SE2d 557 ) (2001). 4 Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3)…
examined Cited as authority (rule) Park v. Fortune Partner, Inc. (3×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2006 · confidence medium
“Acting on the theory that the contract is still in force, as by continuing performance, demanding or urging further performance, or permitting the other party to perform and accepting or retaining benefits under the contract, may constitute waiver of a breach.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989). (b) The defendants also argue that they were excused from their obligations under the notes because Fortune failed to transfer the lease under which the business was operating, thereby breaching the sales contract. 1 T…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bollea v. World Championship Wrestling, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2005 · confidence medium
Smith v. Gordon, 266 Ga. App. 814, 815 ( 598 SE2d 92 ) (2004); Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Smith v. Gordon
Ga. Ct. App. · 2004 · confidence medium
S & L Assn., 224 Ga. App. 885, 887 ( 482 SE2d 493 ) (1997) (physical precedent only). 5 City of Bremen v. Regions Bank, 274 Ga. 733, 740 (5) ( 559 SE2d 440 ) (2002). 6 See OCGA § 11-3-308 (b); Reece, supra at 138 (1). 7 (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989). 8 (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Miller v. Calhoun/Johnson Co., 230 Ga. App. 648, 650 (4) ( 497 SE2d 397 ) (1998). 9 Id.; Morey v. Brown Milling Co., 220 Ga. App. 256, 257 (2) ( 469 SE2d 387 ) (1996). 10 Hubert v. Beale Roofing, 158 Ga. App. 145, 146 ( 279 SE…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Eckerd Corp. v. Alterman Properties, Ltd.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
Johnson, P. J., and Eldridge, J., concur. 1 Eckerd paid all rental sums allegedly due into the registry of the court, and they were disbursed to Alterman. 2 Desai v. Silver Dollar City, 229 Ga. App. 160, 163 (1) ( 493 SE2d 540 ) (1997). 3 Id. 4 OCGA § 13-2-2 (2). 5 Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary (1975), p. 267. 6 Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary (1975), p. 8. 7 (Citations omitted.) MNM 5, Inc. v. Anderson/6438 Northeast Partners, 215 Ga. App. 407, 410 (2) ( 451 SE2d 788 ) (1994). 8 (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Rental Equipment Group, LLC v. MACI, LLC
Ga. Ct. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
See TST, Ltd. v. Houston, 256 Ga. 679, 680 (1) ( 353 SE2d 26 ) (1987); Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256-257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989). 5.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) NEELY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION v. Service First Investments, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
Ellington and Phipps, JJ, concur. 1 Peachtree on Peachtree Investors v. Reed Drug Co., 251 Ga. 692, 694 (1) ( 308 SE2d 825 ) (1983). 2 Tachdjian v. Phillips, 256 Ga. App. 166, 168 ( 568 SE2d 64 ) (2002). 3 Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989). 4 Nobel Lodging v. Holiday Hospitality Franchising, 249 Ga. App. 497, 498 (1) ( 548 SE2d 481 ) (2001). 5 Booker v. Hall, 248 Ga. App. 639, 643 (1) (b) ( 548 SE2d 391 ) (2001). 6 Health Svc.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Capitol Indemnity, Inc. v. Brown (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
At the very least, these provisions are ambiguous: A word or phrase is ambiguous when “ ‘it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways that one.’ ” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Atlanta Development, Inc. v. Emerald Capital Investment, LLC
Ga. Ct. App. · 2002 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Tachdjian v. Phillips
Ga. Ct. App. · 2002 · confidence medium
“The existence or non-existence of an ambiguity is itself a question of law for the court.” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Barrow County Airport Authority v. Romanair, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2002 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989). 4.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Parkside Center, Ltd. v. Chicagoland Vending, Inc. (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2001 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Collier v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance
Ga. Ct. App. · 2001 · confidence medium
Thus, a word or phrase is ambiguous “when it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Booker v. Hall
Ga. Ct. App. · 2001 · confidence medium
“A jury question arises only when there appears to be an ambiguity in the contract which cannot be negated by the . . . statutory rules of construction.” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Merritt v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance
Ga. Ct. App. · 2000 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Outdoor Systems, Inc. v. Wood
Ga. Ct. App. · 2000 · confidence medium
“It is . . . well-recognized that a party to a contract ‘may waive contractual provisions for his benefit.’ [Cits.]” Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989). *292 Decided December 1, 2000 Reconsideration denied December 13, 2000 Schreeder, Wheeler & Flint, David H.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Southern Prestige Homes, Inc. v. Moscoso
Ga. Ct. App. · 2000 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Verret v. ABB Power T & D Co.
Ga. Ct. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Ashkouti v. Widener
Ga. Ct. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 ( 381 SE2d 322 ).
cited Cited as authority (rule) CareAmerica, Inc. v. Southern Care Corp.
Ga. Ct. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989) (ambiguity exists when meaning uncertain and language may be fairly understood in more than one way).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Canal Indemnity Co. v. E.M.C. Motors, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
A word or phrase is ambiguous when “ ‘ “it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.” ’ ” (Citations omitted.) Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bumgarner v. Green
Ga. Ct. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
A word or phrase is ambiguous when “ ‘ “it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.’”” (Citations omitted.) Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Dooley v. DUN & BRADSTREET SOFTWARE SERVICES, INC.
Ga. Ct. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Williams v. Fallaize Insurance Agency, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 1996 · confidence medium
Although Williams contends the exclusion is ambiguous, a word or phrase is ambiguous only when “ ‘ “it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.” (Cit.)’ ” Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Hammond v. Bank of Newnan
Ga. Ct. App. · 1995 · confidence medium
“The party opposing the motion is to be given the benefit of all reasonable doubts and all favorable inferences that may be drawn from the evidence.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Winkler, supra. Moreover, “[although the issue of a waiver of a contract provision is not always a jury question, ‘it is a question for the trior of fact when the evidence in that regard is conflicting.’ [Cit.]” Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Allstate Insurance v. Grayes
Ga. Ct. App. · 1995 · confidence medium
An ambiguity is “ ‘duplicity, indistinctness, an uncertainty of meaning or expression’ ” (Tarbutton v. Duggan, 45 Ga. App. 31 (5) ( 163 SE 298 )), and a word or phrase is ambiguous when “ ‘ “it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.” ’ ” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 ( 381 SE2d 322 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Archer v. Carson
Ga. Ct. App. · 1994 · confidence medium
Thus, a word or phrase is ambiguous *164 “ ‘ “when it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.” ’ ” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 ( 381 SE2d 322 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Douglas & Lomason Co. v. Hall
Ga. Ct. App. · 1994 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989). 2 Although Exhibit 35 is contained in the record, there is no document marked Exhibit 36, nor does the transcript reflect that it was ever admitted.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Duffett v. E & W Properties, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 1993 · confidence medium
Secondly, if ambiguity does appear, “[t]he existence or non-existence of an ambiguity is itself a question of law for the court. [Cits.] [Finally, a] jury question arises only when there appears to be an ambiguity in the contract which cannot be negated by the court’s application of the statutory rules of construction.” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (2) ( 381 SE2d 322 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Major v. Allstate Insurance (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1993 · confidence medium
A word or phrase is ambiguous when “it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.” (Punctuation omitted.) Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 ( 381 SE2d 322 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Jefferson Pilot Life Insurance v. Clark (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1991 · confidence medium
A word or phrase is ambiguous when “ ‘ “it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.” ’ ” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 ( 381 SE2d 322 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Cho v. South Atlanta Associates, Ltd. (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1991 · confidence medium
Car Rental &c., 148 Ga. App. 756 (1) ( 252 SE2d 665 ).” Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 256 (3), 257 ( 381 SE2d 322 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Patel v. Gingrey Associates (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1990 · confidence medium
Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257 ( 381 SE2d 322 ); James v. Mitchell, 159 Ga. App. 761, 762 ( 285 SE2d 222 ).
discussed Cited "see" Forsyth County v. WATERSCAPE SERVICES, LLC (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2010 · signal: see · confidence high
See Kusuma v. Metametrix, Inc., 191 Ga. App. 255, 257-258 (3) ( 381 SE2d 322 ) (1989); see also DuPree v. South Atlantic Conference of Seventh Day Adventists, 299 Ga. App. 352, 354-355 ( 683 SE2d 1 ) (2009).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
KUSUMA
v.
METAMETRIX, INC. Et Al.
A89A0022.
Court of Appeals of Georgia.
Apr 5, 1989.
381 S.E.2d 322
1989 Ga. App. LEXIS 540
William Edmund Burke, for appellant., Emily Sherwinter, for appellees.
Birdsong, Deen, Benham.
Cited by 72 opinions  |  Published
3 passages pin-cited by 3 cases
Pinpoint authority: bottom 92%
Citer courts: Court of Appeals of Georgia (3)
Birdsong, Judge.

Appellant landlord appeals the state court’s order granting summary judgment to appellee tenant.

Appellees entered into a lease for a term of five years with Carleo Properties, Inc. Carleo subsequently sold the leased property to appellant, and assigned its rights under the lease to appellant as part of its sales transaction. The lease expressly provided that “[t]ime is of the essence of this agreement.” It thereafter included a certain pertinent special stipulation, as follows: “In so far as the following stipulations conflict with any of the foregoing provisions, the following shall control: ... 4. In the event Dr. Neil Summerman [sic] should vacate suite 6 of 3700 building, Holcomb Bridge Road — Metametrix may elect to cancel this lease.” (Emphasis supplied.)

On July 1, 1986, Dr. Sommerman vacated the premises; however,[*256] before Dr. Sommerman’s departure, a Dr. Bernard Mlaver also began to practice medicine at suite 6. On or about November 30, 1987, appellees gave appellant written notice of intent to terminate or rescind the lease. On January 1, 1988, appellees vacated the premises. Appellant brought suit to collect past due rents and damages for breach of the lease.

Appellant’s sole enumeration of error is that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment to appellee. Held:

1. “In ruling on a motion for summary judgment, the opposing party should be given the benefit of all reasonable doubt, and the court should construe the evidence and all inferences and conclusions arising therefrom most favorably toward the party opposing the motion.” (Emphasis supplied.) Peterson v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co., 188 Ga. App. 420, 422 (373 SE2d 515).

2. Appellant asserts that special stipulation 4 relied upon by appellees is ambiguous, particularly as to the meaning of the term “vacate.”

The existence or non-existence of an ambiguity is itself a question of law for the court. Capital Ford Truck Sales v. U. S. Fire Ins. Co., 180 Ga. App. 413, 417-418 (349 SE2d 201); accord McClintock v. Wellington Trade, 187 Ga. App. 898, 902 (371 SE2d 893). A jury question arises only when there appears to be an ambiguity in the contract which cannot be negated by the court’s application of the statutory rules of construction set forth in OCGA § 13-2-2 (id.), and this rule applies even though the contract is “difficult to construe.” Webster v. Star Distrib. Co., 241 Ga. 270 (b) (244 SE2d 826). Words in a contract generally bear their usual and common signification with certain exceptions not here applicable. OCGA § 13-2-2. “A word or phrase is ambiguous ‘when it is of uncertain meaning and may be fairly understood in more ways than one.’ [Cit.] Language which is unambiguous will not be construed as ambiguous based on extrinsic circumstances.” Walton v. Datry, 185 Ga. App. 88, 94 (5) (a) (363 SE2d 295). Ambiguity cannot be created merely by ingenuity of counsel. Special stipulation 4 when construed in its entirety clearly provides on its face that if Dr. Sommerman gave up suite 6, or left, moved out or similarly ceased to occupy the premises, that appellees would have the right subsequently to terminate the contract. Special stipulation 4 is not ambiguous. We find this assertion to be without merit.

3. Appellant asserts that a genuine issue of fact exists regarding whether appellees waived special stipulation 4 by conduct or delay. The stipulation clearly operates to the exclusive benefit and protection of the appellees. Moreover, as stipulation 4 was not in conflict with, it was therefor subject to, the unrestricted time of the essence clause of the lease agreement. See Giddens Constr. Co. v. Fickling &c. [*257] Co., 188 Ga. App. 558 (373 SE2d 792), reversed on other grounds, 258 Ga. 891 (376 SE2d 655).

The record establishes that the appellees/movants did not terminate the lease, pursuant to the authority of special stipulation 4, until approximately 18 months following Dr. Sommerman’s quitting of the premises. As appellees remained in lawful possession of the premises during that time, the reasonable inference to be drawn is that tender of rent was timely made and accepted at least until appellees tendered notice of termination to appellant.

As a general rule, “a party to a contract may not waive stipulations in favor of the other party, or rights to which the other party is entitled. . . .” 17A CJS, Contracts, § 491a. However, such provisions may be waived by the conduct of both parties intended to result in the “mutual disregard” of, or “mutual departure” from the contract terms. See generally OCGA § 13-4-4; Southern Feed Stores v. Sanders, 193 Ga. 884 (3) (20 SE2d 413); Bearden Mercantile Co. v. Madison Oil Co., 128 Ga. 695 (4) (58 SE 200); Prudential Ins. Co. v. Nessmith, 174 Ga. App. 39 (329 SE2d 249); Crawford v. First Nat. Bank &c., 137 Ga. App. 294, 295 (223 SE2d 488). The question whether the parties’ mutual conduct caused a waiver and effected a quasi-new agreement ordinarily is a question for the jury. Southern Feed Stores, supra at 887; Crawford, supra at 295. It is equally well-recognized that a party to a contract “may waive contractual provisions for his benefit.” 17A CJS, supra; see Storey v. Austin, 221 Ga. 692 (1) (146 SE2d 728); C.P.D. Chem. Co. v. Nat. Car Rental &c., 148 Ga. App. 756 (1) (252 SE2d 665).

“A waiver may be express, or may be inferred from actions, conduct, or a course of dealing. . . . Waiver of a contract right may result from a party’s conduct showing his election between two inconsistent rights. . . . Acting on the theory that the contract is still in force, as by continuing performance, demanding or urging further performance, or permitting the other party to perform and accepting or retaining benefits under the contract, may constitute waiver of a breach. However, all the attendant facts, taken together, must amount to an intentional relinquishment of a known right, in order that a waiver may exist. . . .” 17A CJS, supra at § 492 (1), see also § 443.

Although the issue of a waiver of a contract provision is not always a jury question, “it is a question for the trior of fact when the evidence in that regard is conflicting.” Oxford Motors Co. v. Niblack, 183 Ga. App. 771, 772 (360 SE2d 23).

The approximately 18-month delay in the exercise of the termination option gives rise to a jury question per se regarding appellees’ intent in failing to timely assert their termination rights. See generally Bearden, supra at 702 (3); Royal Atlanta &c. v. M. D. Hodges [*258] &c., 141 Ga. App. 838 (1) (234 SE2d 676) (protracted silence raised fact issue as to whether appellee had waived the right to terminate by its inaction). Further, the reasonable inferences that during the 17-month period until notice was given, appellees continued to pay rent monthly and accept the benefit of the rental property, and that the appellant accepted such repeated rent payments likewise created a factual dispute as to whether waiver occurred. See Smith v. Gen. Fin. Corp., 243 Ga. 500, 501 (255 SE2d 14); see also Turner &c. Advertising v. Fidelity &c. Inc., 185 Ga. App. 815, 817 (366 SE2d 201).

Decided April 5, 1989. William Edmund Burke, for appellant. Emily Sherwinter, for appellees.

Judgment reversed.

Deen, P. J., and Benham, J., concur.