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247 Kansas opinions name it 2 courts 1994–2026 110 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Kansas courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
State v. Butlergreen2 sentences2025State v. Lemmie, 311 Kan. 439, 455 , 462 P.3d 161 (2020); see also State v. Butler, 307 Kan. 831, 868 , 416 P.3d 116 (2018) (citing both no error and single error rules). 2025State v. Lemmie, 311 Kan. 439, 455 , 462 P.3d 161 (2020); see also State v. Butler, 307 Kan. 831, 868 , 416 P.3d 116 (2018) (citing both no error and single error rules). | 7 | 8 |
United States v. Tolesgreen2 sentences2021Ed. 2d 705 , reh. denied 386 U.S. 987 (1967), applies to the three instances of prosecutorial misconduct, '''the cumulative error must be harmless beyond a reasonable doubt.''' Tully, 293 Kan. at 205 (quoting United States v. Toles, 297 F.3d 959, 972 [10th Cir. 2002])." State v. Holt, 300 Kan. 985, 1007-08 , 336 P.3d 312 (2014). 2018In a cumulative error analysis, '[i]f any of the errors being aggregated are constitutional in nature, the cumulative error must be harmless beyond a reasonable doubt.' United States v. Toles , 297 F.3d 959 , 972 (10th Cir. 2002). | 7 | 8 |
State v. Waldschmidtgreen2 sentences2026But she acknowledges our Supreme Court's holding in State v. Waldschmidt, 318 Kan. 633 , 662, 546 P.3d 716 (2024), that unpreserved instructional issues that are not clearly erroneous may not be aggregated in a cumulative error analysis. 2026See State v. Waldschmidt, 318 Kan. 633 , 662, 546 P.3d 716 (2024) (Unpreserved instructional errors that are not clearly erroneous may not be aggregated as cumulative error.); State v. Gallegos, 313 Kan. 262 , 277, 485 P.3d 622 (2021) (The cumulative error rule does not apply if there are no errors or only a single error.). | 6 | 18 |
State v. Blansettgreen2 sentences2021State v. Marshall, 303 Kan. 438, 451 , 362 P.3d 587 (2015); see also State v. Blansett, 309 Kan. 401, 402 , 435 P.3d 1136 (2019) (explaining that under the cumulative error doctrine, the court must identify "multiple errors to accumulate"). 2021State v. Marshall, 303 Kan. 438, 451 , 362 P.3d 587 (2015); see also State v. Blansett, 309 Kan. 401, 402 , 435 P.3d 1136 (2019) (explaining that under the cumulative error doctrine, the court must identify "multiple errors to accumulate"). | 5 | 5 |
State v. Tullygreen2 sentences2021Ed. 2d 705 , reh. denied 386 U.S. 987 (1967), applies to the three instances of prosecutorial misconduct, '''the cumulative error must be harmless beyond a reasonable doubt.''' Tully, 293 Kan. at 205 (quoting United States v. Toles, 297 F.3d 959, 972 [10th Cir. 2002])." State v. Holt, 300 Kan. 985, 1007-08 , 336 P.3d 312 (2014). 2018But if there were any errors, "their cumulative effect still does not require reversal because Lowery's right to a fair trial was not violated." We have explained the process as follows: " 'In a cumulative error analysis, an appellate court aggregates all errors and, even though those errors would individually be considered harmless, analyzes whether their cumulative effect is such that collectively they cannot be determined to be harmless. [Citation omitted.] In other words, was the defendant's right to a fair trial violated because the combined errors affected the outcome of the trial?' Stat | 4 | 27 |
State v. Colstongreen2 sentences2018See State v. Colston , 290 Kan. 952 , 978-79, 235 P.3d 1234 (2010). 2016In a cumulative error analysis, '[i]f any of the errors being aggregated are constitutional in nature, the cumulative error must be harmless beyond a reasonable doubt.' United States v. Toles, 297 F.3d 959, 972 (10th Cir. 2002). 38 "In making the assessment of whether the cumulative errors are harmless error, an appellate court examines the errors in the context of the record as a whole considering how the district court dealt with the errors as they arose (including the efficacy, or lack of efficacy, of any remedial efforts); the nature and number of errors committed and their interrelationsh | 4 | 4 |
State v. Dixongreen2 sentences2024Moreover, due to the overwhelming nature of the State's evidence, "[n]o prejudicial error may be found under 19 the cumulative error doctrine if the evidence against the defendant is overwhelming." State v. Dixon, 289 Kan. 46, 71 , 209 P.3d 675 (2009). 2024Moreover, due to the overwhelming nature of the State's evidence, "[n]o prejudicial error may be found under 19 the cumulative error doctrine if the evidence against the defendant is overwhelming." State v. Dixon, 289 Kan. 46, 71 , 209 P.3d 675 (2009). | 3 | 27 |
State v. Gallegosgreen2 sentences2026See State v. Waldschmidt, 318 Kan. 633 , 662, 546 P.3d 716 (2024) (Unpreserved instructional errors that are not clearly erroneous may not be aggregated as cumulative error.); State v. Gallegos, 313 Kan. 262 , 277, 485 P.3d 622 (2021) (The cumulative error rule does not apply if there are no errors or only a single error.). 2026See State v. Gallegos, 313 Kan. 262 , 277, 485 P.3d 622 (2021) (The cumulative error rule does not apply if there are no errors or only a single error.). | 3 | 21 |
State v. Ballougreen2 sentences2025State v. Ballou, 310 Kan. 591 , 617, 448 P.3d 479 (2019); see also Butler, 307 Kan. at 868 (citing both no error and single error rules). 2022See State v. Ballou, 310 Kan. 591 , 617, 448 P.3d 479 (2019) (a single error cannot support reversal under the cumulative error doctrine). | 2 | 14 |
State v. Nguyengreen2 sentences2011See State v. Nguyen, 285 Kan. 418, 437 , 172 P.3d 1165 (2007). 2011See State v. Nguyen, 285 Kan. 418, 437 , 172 P.3d 1165 (2007). | 2 | 4 |
State v. Greengreen2 sentences2022State v. Green, 311 Kan. 960 , Syl. ¶ 7, 469 P.3d 1228 (2020) ("The cumulative error doctrine does not apply when no errors or only one error is identified by an appellate court."). 2022State v. Green, 311 Kan. 960 , Syl. ¶ 7, 469 P.3d 1228 (2020) ("The cumulative error doctrine does not apply when no errors or only one error is identified by an appellate court."). | 2 | 3 |
| State v. Lowrancegreen | 2 | 3 |
State v. Lemmiegreen2 sentences2022See State v. Lemmie, 311 Kan. 439, 455 , 462 P.3d 161 (2020) (When an appellate court finds no errors exist, the cumulative error doctrine cannot apply.). 2022See State v. Lemmie, 311 Kan. 439, 455 , 462 P.3d 161 (2020) (When an appellate court finds no errors exist, the cumulative error doctrine cannot apply.). | 1 | 19 |
State v. Gonzalezgreen2 sentences2020"One error is insufficient to support reversal under the cumulative error doctrine." State v. Gonzalez, 307 Kan. 575, 598 , 412 P.3d 968 (2018). 2020"One error is insufficient to support reversal under the cumulative error doctrine." State v. Gonzalez, 307 Kan. 575, 598 , 412 P.3d 968 (2018). | 1 | 18 |
State v. Davisgreen2 sentences2009See State v. Davis, 283 Kan. 569, 583 , 158 P.3d 317 (2007) (Cumulative error will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by the defendant.). 2009Cumulative' error will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by the defendant: State v. Davis, 283 Kan. 569, 583 , 158 P.3d 317 (2007); State v. Jones, 283 Kan. 186, 218 , 151 P.3d 22 (2007). | 1 | 8 |
State v. Holtgreen2 sentences2021Analysis To determine whether cumulative errors were harmless, "an appellate court examines the errors in the context of the record as a whole considering how the trial judge dealt with the errors as the arose . . . ; the nature and number of errors committed and their interrelationship, if any; and the strength of the evidence." State v. Holt, 300 Kan. 985, 1007 , 336 P.3d 312 (2014). "'One error cannot support reversal under the cumulative error doctrine.'" State v. Lemmie, 311 Kan. 439, 455 , 462 P.3d 161 (2020). 2021Analysis To determine whether cumulative errors were harmless, "an appellate court examines the errors in the context of the record as a whole considering how the trial judge dealt with the errors as the arose . . . ; the nature and number of errors committed and their interrelationship, if any; and the strength of the evidence." State v. Holt, 300 Kan. 985, 1007 , 336 P.3d 312 (2014). "'One error cannot support reversal under the cumulative error doctrine.'" State v. Lemmie, 311 Kan. 439, 455 , 462 P.3d 161 (2020). | 1 | 7 |
State v. Cosbygreen2 sentences2016State v. Cosby, 285 Kan. 230 , Syl. ¶ 9, 169 P.3d 1128 (2007). 2016State v. Cosby, 285 Kan. 230 , Syl. ¶ 9, 169 P.3d 1128 (2007). | 1 | 6 |
State v. Davisgreen2 sentences2009See State v. Davis, 283 Kan. 569, 583 , 158 P.3d 317 (2007) (Cumulative error will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by the defendant.). 2009Cumulative' error will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by the defendant: State v. Davis, 283 Kan. 569, 583 , 158 P.3d 317 (2007); State v. Jones, 283 Kan. 186, 218 , 151 P.3d 22 (2007). | 1 | 6 |
State v. Whitegreen2 sentences2024State v. White, 316 Kan. 208 , 217, 514 P.3d 368 (2022). 2024State v. White, 316 Kan. 208 , 217, 514 P.3d 368 (2022). | 1 | 3 |
| State v. Edwardsgreen | 1 | 3 |
| State v. Anthonygreen | 1 | 3 |
| State v. Showaltergreen | 1 | 2 |
| State v. Hirshgreen | 1 | 2 |
| State v. Fostergreen | 1 | 2 |
| State v. Millergreen | 1 | 2 |
| State v. Plaskettgreen | 1 | 2 |
| State v. Reynoldsgreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Chandlergreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Ibarragreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Walkergreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Armstronggreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Toshred | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Cheevergreen | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Kansas. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
State v. Cofield
green
2 sentences2015“Cumulative error,” however, “will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by die defendant.” State v. Cofield, 288 Kan. 367, 378 , 203 P.3d 1261 (2009). 2015“Cumulative error,” however, “will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by die defendant.” State v. Cofield, 288 Kan. 367, 378 , 203 P.3d 1261 (2009). | 16 | 2010–2024 |
State v. Hart
green
2 sentences2016State v. Dixon, 289 Kan. 46, 71 , 209 P.3d 675 (2009).’ State v. Hart, 297 Kan. 494, 513-14 , 301 P.3d 1279 (2013). ‘“In a cumulative error analysis, an appellate court aggregates all errors and, even though those errors would individually be considered harmless, analyzes whether their cumulative effect on the outcome of the trial is such that collectively they cannot be determined to be harmless.’ State v. Tully, 293 Kan. 176, 205 , 262 P.3d 314 (2011). “‘In making the assessment of whether the cumulative errors are harmless error, an appellate court examines the errors in the context of the 2016State v. Dixon, 289 Kan. 46, 71 , 209 P.3d 675 (2009).’ State v. Hart, 297 Kan. 494, 513-14 , 301 P.3d 1279 (2013). ‘“In a cumulative error analysis, an appellate court aggregates all errors and, even though those errors would individually be considered harmless, analyzes whether their cumulative effect on the outcome of the trial is such that collectively they cannot be determined to be harmless.’ State v. Tully, 293 Kan. 176, 205 , 262 P.3d 314 (2011). “‘In making the assessment of whether the cumulative errors are harmless error, an appellate court examines the errors in the context of the | 7 | 2014–2016 |
State v. Marshall
green
2 sentences2021State v. Marshall, 303 Kan. 438, 451 , 362 P.3d 587 (2015); see also State v. Blansett, 309 Kan. 401, 402 , 435 P.3d 1136 (2019) (explaining that under the cumulative error doctrine, the court must identify "multiple errors to accumulate"). 2021State v. Marshall, 303 Kan. 438, 451 , 362 P.3d 587 (2015); see also State v. Blansett, 309 Kan. 401, 402 , 435 P.3d 1136 (2019) (explaining that under the cumulative error doctrine, the court must identify "multiple errors to accumulate"). | 6 | 2020–2021 |
State v. Sieg
green
2 sentences2025State v. Sieg, 315 Kan. 526 , 536, 509 P.3d 535 (2022). 2025State v. Sieg, 315 Kan. 526 , 536, 509 P.3d 535 (2022). | 5 | 2024–2025 |
State v. Jones
green
2 sentences2009Cumulative' error will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by the defendant: State v. Davis, 283 Kan. 569, 583 , 158 P.3d 317 (2007); State v. Jones, 283 Kan. 186, 218 , 151 P.3d 22 (2007). 2009Cumulative' error will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by the defendant: State v. Davis, 283 Kan. 569, 583 , 158 P.3d 317 (2007); State v. Jones, 283 Kan. 186, 218 , 151 P.3d 22 (2007). | 5 | 2008–2009 |
Apprendi v. New Jersey
green
2 sentences2016Therefore, the court should not apply the cumulative error doctrine here Prosecution as an Adult Potts also argues that when the district court made factual findings supporting its decision to authorize adult prosecution, it increased his potential punishment in violation of Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 , 120 S. Ct. 2348 , 147 L. 2016Therefore, the court should not apply the cumulative error doctrine here Prosecution as an Adult Potts also argues that when the district court made factual findings supporting its decision to authorize adult prosecution, it increased his potential punishment in violation of Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 , 120 S. Ct. 2348 , 147 L. | 4 | 2005–2024 |
State v. Novotny
green
2 sentences2014No prejudicial error may be found under the cumulative error doctrine if the evidence against the defendant is overwhelming.” State v. Hart, 297 Kan. 494, 513-14 , 301 P.3d 1279 (2013) (citing State v. Dixon, 289 Kan. 46, 71 , 209 P.3d 675 [2009]). “ ‘Cumulative error will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by the defendant.’ [Citations omitted.].” Novotny 297 Kan. at 1191 (quoting State v. Cofield, 288 Kan. 367, 378 , 203 P.3d 1261 [2009]). 2014No prejudicial error may be found under the cumulative error doctrine if the evidence against the defendant is overwhelming.” State v. Hart, 297 Kan. 494, 513-14 , 301 P.3d 1279 (2013) (citing State v. Dixon, 289 Kan. 46, 71 , 209 P.3d 675 [2009]). “ ‘Cumulative error will not be found when the record fails to support the errors raised on appeal by the defendant.’ [Citations omitted.].” Novotny 297 Kan. at 1191 (quoting State v. Cofield, 288 Kan. 367, 378 , 203 P.3d 1261 [2009]). | 4 | 2014–2020 |
State v. Williams
green
2 sentences2015Cumulative Error The cumulative error doctrine ‘“does not apply if no error or only one error supports reversal.’” State v. Williams, 299 Kan. 1039 , 329 P.3d 420 (2014) (quoting State v. Dixon, 289 Kan. 46, 71 , 209 P.3d 675 [2009]). 2015Cumulative Error The cumulative error doctrine ‘“does not apply if no error or only one error supports reversal.’” State v. Williams, 299 Kan. 1039 , 329 P.3d 420 (2014) (quoting State v. Dixon, 289 Kan. 46, 71 , 209 P.3d 675 [2009]). | 3 | 2015–2025 |
State v. George
green
2 sentences2024State v. George, 311 Kan. 693 , 709-10, 466 P.3d 469 (2020). 20 IV. 2023State v. George, 311 Kan. 693 , 709, 466 P.3d 469 (2020). | 3 | 2022–2024 |
State v. Thomas
green
2 sentences2024State v. Thomas, 311 Kan. 905 , 914, 468 P.3d 323 (2020). 2024State v. Thomas, 311 Kan. 905 , 914, 468 P.3d 323 (2020). | 3 | 2021–2024 |
Chapman v. California
red
2 sentences2021If any errors being aggregated for a cumulative error analysis are constitutional, the test from Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 , 87 S. Ct. 824 , 17 L. 2021If any errors being aggregated for a cumulative error analysis are constitutional, the test from Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 , 87 S. Ct. 824 , 17 L. | 3 | 2020–2022 |
State v. Carter
green
2 sentences2020"One error cannot support reversal under the cumulative error doctrine." State v. Carter, 284 Kan. 312, 332 , 160 P.3d 457 (2007). 2020"One error cannot support reversal under the cumulative error doctrine." State v. Carter, 284 Kan. 23 312, 332 , 160 P.3d 457 (2007). | 3 | 2014–2020 |
| State v. Cruz green | 3 | 2014–2018 |
| State v. Kleypas green | 3 | 2016–2017 |
| Thompson v. State green | 3 | 2012–2014 |
| State v. Mendez green | 2 | 2026–2026 |
| State v. Guebara green | 2 | 2026–2026 |
| State v. Taylor green | 2 | 2024–2024 |
| State v. Hilt green | 2 | 2021–2024 |
| State v. Puckett green | 2 | 2024–2024 |
| State v. Carr green | 2 | 2024–2024 |
| State v. Leaper green | 2 | 2012–2021 |
| Seymour v. United States green | 2 | 2014–2021 |
| State v. James green | 2 | 2020–2021 |
| State v. Smith-Parker green | 2 | 2016–2019 |
| Walker v. Holiday Lanes, Inc. green | 2 | 1997–2018 |
| State v. Magallanez green | 2 | 2014–2016 |
| State v. Houston green | 2 | 2009–2012 |
| State v. Hoffman green | 2 | 2009–2010 |
| State v. Moyer green | 1 | 2026–2026 |
| State v. Hernandez green | 1 | 2025–2025 |
| Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railroad v. Keller neutral | 1 | 2024–2024 |
| State v. Miller green | 1 | 2024–2024 |
| State v. Brown green | 1 | 2024–2024 |
| Miller v. Alabama green | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| Rowland v. State green | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| State v. Brown green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Wilkins v. State green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| State v. Barlett green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| State v. King green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.