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30 Pennsylvania opinions name it 3 courts 1911–2026 12 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Pennsylvania courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Commonwealth v. Smithgreen2 sentences2023Commonwealth v. Smith, 97 A.3d 782 , 787 ____________________________________________ 2 To prove REAP, the Commonwealth must establish Robles “recklessly engage[d] in conduct which places or may place another person in danger of death or serious bodily injury.” 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 2705. 2016When the defendant claims that he acted in self-defense, the Commonwealth bears the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt. 18 Pa.C.S. § 505; Commonwealth v. Smith, 97 A.2d 782, 787 (Pa.Super.2014). | 5 | 6 |
Commonwealth v. Mouzongreen2 sentences2021Commonwealth v. Mouzon, 53 A.3d 738, 740-41 (Pa. 2012). 2017See Commonwealth v. Mouzon, 53 A.3d 738, 752 (Pa. 2012). -6- J-A32016-16 With regard to a claim of self-defense, the Commonwealth bears the burden of disproving that defense beyond a reasonable doubt. | 3 | 4 |
Commonwealth v. Housergreen2 sentences2026See Commonwealth v. Houser, 18 A.3d 1128, 1135 (Pa. 2011). 2020Where a defendant has invoked self-defense as justification for his conduct, the Commonwealtli bears the burden of disproving this defense beyond a reasonable doubt. i Commonwealth v. Torres, 766 A.2d 342 ( Pa. 2001); see also Co nmonwealth v. Houser, 18 A. 3d 1128 ( Pa. 2011). | 3 | 3 |
Commonwealth v. Sepulvedagreen2 sentences2024Commonwealth v. Sepulveda, 55 A.3d 1108, 1124 (Pa. 2012). 2023Commonwealth v. Sepulveda, 618 Pa. 262 , 55 A.3d 1108, 1124 (Pa. 2012). | 3 | 3 |
Commonwealth v. Riveragreen2 sentences2017See Commonwealth v. Rivera, 983 A.2d 1211, 1221 (Pa. 2009). 2017See Commonwealth v. Rivera, 983 A.2d 1211, 1221 (Pa. 2009). | 2 | 2 |
Commonwealth v. Torresgreen2 sentences2020Where a defendant has invoked self-defense as justification for his conduct, the Commonwealtli bears the burden of disproving this defense beyond a reasonable doubt. i Commonwealth v. Torres, 766 A.2d 342 ( Pa. 2001); see also Co nmonwealth v. Houser, 18 A. 3d 1128 ( Pa. 2011). 2005I, §9.505.) (See also, Commonwealth v. Samuel, 527 Pa. 298, 303 , 590 A.2d 1245, 1247 (1991); Commonwealth v. Upsher, 497 Pa. 621, 624 , 444 A.2d 90, 91 (1982); and Commonwealth v. Torres, 564 Pa. 219 , 766 A.2d 342 (2001).) “Because the Commonwealth has the burden of disproving the defense of justification, you may find the defendant guilty only if you are satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that (s)he did not reasonably believe that the use of deadly force was then and there necessary to protect herself against (death) (serious bodily injury) (kidnapping) (sexual intercourse compelled by for | 1 | 4 |
Commonwealth v. Bullockgreen1 sentence2025Commonwealth v. Bullock, 948 A.2d 818, 824 (Pa. Super. 2008). | 1 | 1 |
Com. v. Knox, L.green1 sentence2023Commonwealth v. Knox, 219 A.3d 186, 196 (Pa.Super. 2019). | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Gonzalezgreen1 sentence2022Commonwealth v. Gonzales, 608 A.2d 528, 531 (Pa. Super. 1992). | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Son Truonggreen1 sentence2022Commonwealth v. Sepulveda, 55 A.3d 1108, 1124 (Pa. 2012); see also Commonwealth v. Truong, 36 A.3d 592, 599 (Pa. Super. 2012) (en banc) (Commonwealth may negate self-defense claim by proving defendant “used more force than reasonably necessary to protect against death or serious bodily injury.”). | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Beasleygreen2 sentences2010See Commonwealth v. Christy, 540 Pa. 192, 211 , 656 A.2d 877, 886 (1995) (observing that when the defendant raises diminished capacity defense to first-degree murder, the Commonwealth bears the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt); see also Commonwealth v. Beasley, 544 Pa. 554, 574 , 678 A.2d 773, 783 (1996). 4 Although Appellant presented substantial expert evidence concerning his alleged inability to form a specific intent or to remember the murder, the jury was not required to place determinative weight upon those proofs; rather, it “was *153 free to believe all, part 2010See Commonwealth v. Christy, 540 Pa. 192, 211 , 656 A.2d 877, 886 (1995) (observing that when the defendant raises diminished capacity defense to first-degree murder, the Commonwealth bears the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt); see also Commonwealth v. Beasley, 544 Pa. 554, 574 , 678 A.2d 773, 783 (1996). 4 Although Appellant presented substantial expert evidence concerning his alleged inability to form a specific intent or to remember the murder, the jury was not required to place determinative weight upon those proofs; rather, it “was *153 free to believe all, part | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Vandivnergreen2 sentences2010See Commonwealth v. Christy, 540 Pa. 192, 211 , 656 A.2d 877, 886 (1995) (observing that when the defendant raises diminished capacity defense to first-degree murder, the Commonwealth bears the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt); see also Commonwealth v. Beasley, 544 Pa. 554, 574 , 678 A.2d 773, 783 (1996). 4 Although Appellant presented substantial expert evidence concerning his alleged inability to form a specific intent or to remember the murder, the jury was not required to place determinative weight upon those proofs; rather, it “was *153 free to believe all, part 2010See Commonwealth v. Christy, 540 Pa. 192, 211 , 656 A.2d 877, 886 (1995) (observing that when the defendant raises diminished capacity defense to first-degree murder, the Commonwealth bears the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt); see also Commonwealth v. Beasley, 544 Pa. 554, 574 , 678 A.2d 773, 783 (1996). 4 Although Appellant presented substantial expert evidence concerning his alleged inability to form a specific intent or to remember the murder, the jury was not required to place determinative weight upon those proofs; rather, it “was *153 free to believe all, part | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Christygreen2 sentences2010See Commonwealth v. Christy, 540 Pa. 192, 211 , 656 A.2d 877, 886 (1995) (observing that when the defendant raises diminished capacity defense to first-degree murder, the Commonwealth bears the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt); see also Commonwealth v. Beasley, 544 Pa. 554, 574 , 678 A.2d 773, 783 (1996). 4 Although Appellant presented substantial expert evidence concerning his alleged inability to form a specific intent or to remember the murder, the jury was not required to place determinative weight upon those proofs; rather, it “was *153 free to believe all, part 2010See Commonwealth v. Christy, 540 Pa. 192, 211 , 656 A.2d 877, 886 (1995) (observing that when the defendant raises diminished capacity defense to first-degree murder, the Commonwealth bears the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt); see also Commonwealth v. Beasley, 544 Pa. 554, 574 , 678 A.2d 773, 783 (1996). 4 Although Appellant presented substantial expert evidence concerning his alleged inability to form a specific intent or to remember the murder, the jury was not required to place determinative weight upon those proofs; rather, it “was *153 free to believe all, part | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Johnsongreen2 sentences2010The jury was aware that Appellant: appeared coherent to various witnesses before and after the incident; told the bartender of his antipathy toward a class of individuals to which he believed Milano belonged; spoke to Chester about the murder shortly after it occurred and took steps to conceal his involvement in it, see Commonwealth v. Johnson, 576 Pa. 23, 53 , 838 A.2d 663, 681 (2003) (indicating that flight and concealment can constitute circumstantial proof of consciousness of guilt); and testified about the incident in detail five months after the fact. 2010The jury was aware that Appellant: appeared coherent to various witnesses before and after the incident; told the bartender of his antipathy toward a class of individuals to which he believed Milano belonged; spoke to Chester about the murder shortly after it occurred and took steps to conceal his involvement in it, see Commonwealth v. Johnson, 576 Pa. 23, 53 , 838 A.2d 663, 681 (2003) (indicating that flight and concealment can constitute circumstantial proof of consciousness of guilt); and testified about the incident in detail five months after the fact. | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Upshergreen2 sentences2005I, §9.505.) (See also, Commonwealth v. Samuel, 527 Pa. 298, 303 , 590 A.2d 1245, 1247 (1991); Commonwealth v. Upsher, 497 Pa. 621, 624 , 444 A.2d 90, 91 (1982); and Commonwealth v. Torres, 564 Pa. 219 , 766 A.2d 342 (2001).) “Because the Commonwealth has the burden of disproving the defense of justification, you may find the defendant guilty only if you are satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that (s)he did not reasonably believe that the use of deadly force was then and there necessary to protect herself against (death) (serious bodily injury) (kidnapping) (sexual intercourse compelled by for 2005I, §9.505.) (See also, Commonwealth v. Samuel, 527 Pa. 298, 303 , 590 A.2d 1245, 1247 (1991); Commonwealth v. Upsher, 497 Pa. 621, 624 , 444 A.2d 90, 91 (1982); and Commonwealth v. Torres, 564 Pa. 219 , 766 A.2d 342 (2001).) “Because the Commonwealth has the burden of disproving the defense of justification, you may find the defendant guilty only if you are satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that (s)he did not reasonably believe that the use of deadly force was then and there necessary to protect herself against (death) (serious bodily injury) (kidnapping) (sexual intercourse compelled by for | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Samuelgreen2 sentences2005I, §9.505.) (See also, Commonwealth v. Samuel, 527 Pa. 298, 303 , 590 A.2d 1245, 1247 (1991); Commonwealth v. Upsher, 497 Pa. 621, 624 , 444 A.2d 90, 91 (1982); and Commonwealth v. Torres, 564 Pa. 219 , 766 A.2d 342 (2001).) “Because the Commonwealth has the burden of disproving the defense of justification, you may find the defendant guilty only if you are satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that (s)he did not reasonably believe that the use of deadly force was then and there necessary to protect herself against (death) (serious bodily injury) (kidnapping) (sexual intercourse compelled by for 2005I, §9.505.) (See also, Commonwealth v. Samuel, 527 Pa. 298, 303 , 590 A.2d 1245, 1247 (1991); Commonwealth v. Upsher, 497 Pa. 621, 624 , 444 A.2d 90, 91 (1982); and Commonwealth v. Torres, 564 Pa. 219 , 766 A.2d 342 (2001).) “Because the Commonwealth has the burden of disproving the defense of justification, you may find the defendant guilty only if you are satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that (s)he did not reasonably believe that the use of deadly force was then and there necessary to protect herself against (death) (serious bodily injury) (kidnapping) (sexual intercourse compelled by for | 1 | 1 |
Commonwealth v. Carbonegreen2 sentences1990See e.g., Commonwealth v. Carbone, 524 Pa. 551, 560 , 574 A.2d 584, 589 (1990). 1990See e.g., Commonwealth v. Carbone, 524 Pa. 551, 560 , 574 A.2d 584, 589 (1990). | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Pennsylvania. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Commonwealth v. Miller
green
2 sentences2020Id. 2020Id. | 2 | 2020–2020 |
Com. v. Brockington, P.
green
2 sentences2025Rather, once the defendant introduces some evidence to justify a finding of self-defense, the issue is properly before the [factfinder,] and the Commonwealth has the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt.” Commonwealth v. Brockington, 230 A.3d 1209 , 1213-14 (Pa. Super. 2020) (citations omitted). 2025Rather, once the defendant introduces some evidence to justify a finding of self-defense, the issue is properly before the [factfinder,] and the Commonwealth has the burden of disproving the defense beyond a reasonable doubt.” Commonwealth v. Brockington, 230 A.3d 1209 , 1213-14 (Pa. Super. 2020) (citations omitted). | 1 | 2025–2025 |
Commonwealth v. Barnes & Tucker Co.
green
2 sentences1987Commonwealth v. Mikulan, supra, citing Snider v. Thornburgh, 496 Pa. 159 , 436 A.2d 593 (1981), and Commonwealth v. Barnes and Tucker Co., 472 Pa. 115 , 371 A.2d 461 (1977). 1987Commonwealth v. Mikulan, supra, citing Snider v. Thornburgh, 496 Pa. 159 , 436 A.2d 593 (1981), and Commonwealth v. Barnes and Tucker Co., 472 Pa. 115 , 371 A.2d 461 (1977). | 1 | 1987–1987 |
Snider v. Thornburgh
green
2 sentences1987Commonwealth v. Mikulan, supra, citing Snider v. Thornburgh, 496 Pa. 159 , 436 A.2d 593 (1981), and Commonwealth v. Barnes and Tucker Co., 472 Pa. 115 , 371 A.2d 461 (1977). 1987Commonwealth v. Mikulan, supra, citing Snider v. Thornburgh, 496 Pa. 159 , 436 A.2d 593 (1981), and Commonwealth v. Barnes and Tucker Co., 472 Pa. 115 , 371 A.2d 461 (1977). | 1 | 1987–1987 |
Balsbaugh v. Frazer
green
1 sentence1911The defendants had an undoubted right to defalk their claim for services against the plaintiff’s demand for the money, and the party whose claim is the largest is entitled to the judgment: Balsbaugh v. Frazer, 19 Pa. 95 . | 1 | 1911–1911 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.