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24 California opinions name it 2 courts 1908–2026 1 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
O'BRIEN v. Csehgreen2 sentences2026(See, e.g., O’Brien v. Cseh (1983) 148 Cal.App.3d 957, 961-962 [imposition of sanctions on one day’s notice by telephone “was a flagrant violation of due process principles”]; see also In re Marriage of Seagondollar (2006) 139 Cal.App.4th 1116, 1128-1129 [trial court erred by setting an order to show cause on shortened notice, without a showing of good cause].) Because the order shortening time was invalid, so too was the resulting sanction. 2015The reviewing court held that “an application for sanctions pursuant to section 128.5 is not an ex parte matter.” (O’Brien, supra, at p. 961.) The court further found that the plaintiff’s “rush to compel sanctions against defendant on an ex parte basis was a flagrant violation of due process principles.” (Id. at p. 962.) Here, the motion for sanctions was not granted on an ex parte basis. | 2 | 3 |
Reveron v. Seagondollargreen1 sentence2026(See, e.g., O’Brien v. Cseh (1983) 148 Cal.App.3d 957, 961-962 [imposition of sanctions on one day’s notice by telephone “was a flagrant violation of due process principles”]; see also In re Marriage of Seagondollar (2006) 139 Cal.App.4th 1116, 1128-1129 [trial court erred by setting an order to show cause on shortened notice, without a showing of good cause].) Because the order shortening time was invalid, so too was the resulting sanction. | 1 | 1 |
People v. Nealgreen2 sentences2017This flagrant violation of Miranda weighed heavily in our conclusion that the interrogation was coercive. ( Neal , at p. 81, 1 Cal.Rptr.3d 650 , 72 P.3d 280 .) Neal was also jailed overnight between interviews without food, drink, or access to a toilet. ( Id . at p. 84, 1 Cal.Rptr.3d 650 , 72 P.3d 280 .) Here defendant's personal needs were accommodated and the officers carefully adhered to Miranda , obtaining multiple waivers. 2017This flagrant violation of Miranda weighed heavily in our conclusion that the interrogation was coercive. ( Neal , at p. 81, 1 Cal.Rptr.3d 650 , 72 P.3d 280 .) Neal was also jailed overnight between interviews without food, drink, or access to a toilet. ( Id . at p. 84, 1 Cal.Rptr.3d 650 , 72 P.3d 280 .) Here defendant's personal needs were accommodated and the officers carefully adhered to Miranda , obtaining multiple waivers. | 1 | 1 |
Agnew v. State Board of Equalizationgreen2 sentences2002If that is the case, then not only the phrase "recurring access" but the entire clause "[a]ny person who either resides in the same home with the minor child or has recurring access to the child" would be surplusage and the statute could have and should have simply read: "Any person ... who over a period of time, not less than three months in duration, engages in three or more acts of substantial sexual conduct with a child under the age of 14 years at the time of the commission of the offense ... is guilty of the offense of continuous sexual abuse of a child." But such a construction would be 2002If that is the case, then not only the phrase "recurring access" but the entire clause "[a]ny person who either resides in the same home with the minor child or has recurring access to the child" would be surplusage and the statute could have and should have simply read: "Any person ... who over a period of time, not less than three months in duration, engages in three or more acts of substantial sexual conduct with a child under the age of 14 years at the time of the commission of the offense ... is guilty of the offense of continuous sexual abuse of a child." But such a construction would be | 1 | 1 |
People v. Gohdesgreen2 sentences2002If that is the case, then not only the phrase "recurring access" but the entire clause "[a]ny person who either resides in the same home with the minor child or has recurring access to the child" would be surplusage and the statute could have and should have simply read: "Any person ... who over a period of time, not less than three months in duration, engages in three or more acts of substantial sexual conduct with a child under the age of 14 years at the time of the commission of the offense ... is guilty of the offense of continuous sexual abuse of a child." But such a construction would be 2002If that is the case, then not only the phrase "recurring access" but the entire clause "[a]ny person who either resides in the same home with the minor child or has recurring access to the child" would be surplusage and the statute could have and should have simply read: "Any person ... who over a period of time, not less than three months in duration, engages in three or more acts of substantial sexual conduct with a child under the age of 14 years at the time of the commission of the offense ... is guilty of the offense of continuous sexual abuse of a child." But such a construction would be | 1 | 1 |
Vasquez v. Superior Courtred2 sentences1976The jury was, therefore, entitled to consider defendant’s conduct a flagrant violation of the provisions of Business and Professions Code section 9884.9, which provides in pertinent part: “No work shall be done and no charges shall accrue before authorization to proceed is obtained from the customer.” As our Supreme Court stated in Vasquez v. Superior Court, 4 Cal.3d 800, 808 [ 94 Cal.Rptr. 796 , 484 P.2d 964 ]: “Protection of unwary consumers from being duped by unscrupulous sellers is an exigency of the utmost priority in contemporary society.” The provisions of section 9884.9 are, of course 1976The jury was, therefore, entitled to consider defendant’s conduct a flagrant violation of the provisions of Business and Professions Code section 9884.9, which provides in pertinent part: “No work shall be done and no charges shall accrue before authorization to proceed is obtained from the customer.” As our Supreme Court stated in Vasquez v. Superior Court, 4 Cal.3d 800, 808 [ 94 Cal.Rptr. 796 , 484 P.2d 964 ]: “Protection of unwary consumers from being duped by unscrupulous sellers is an exigency of the utmost priority in contemporary society.” The provisions of section 9884.9 are, of course | 1 | 1 |
Yick Wo v. Hopkinsgreen2 sentences1968The guaranty of ‘equal protection of the laws is a pledge of the protection of equal laws. ’ Yick Wo v. Hopkins, [supra] 118 U.S. 356, 369 [ 30 L.Ed. 220, 226 ], When the law lays an unequal hand on those who have committed intrinsically the same quality of offense and sterilizes one and not the other, it has made as . . . invidious a discrimination as if it had selected a particular race or nationality for oppressive treatment.” (Italics added.) (316 U.S. at pp. 540-541 [86 L.Ed. at pp. 1659-1660].) The present administration of the death penalty in California constitutes an even more flagran 1968The guaranty of ‘equal protection of the laws is a pledge of the protection of equal laws. ’ Yick Wo v. Hopkins, [supra] 118 U.S. 356, 369 [ 30 L.Ed. 220, 226 ], When the law lays an unequal hand on those who have committed intrinsically the same quality of offense and sterilizes one and not the other, it has made as . . . invidious a discrimination as if it had selected a particular race or nationality for oppressive treatment.” (Italics added.) (316 U.S. at pp. 540-541 [86 L.Ed. at pp. 1659-1660].) The present administration of the death penalty in California constitutes an even more flagran | 1 | 1 |
Coomes v. State Personnel Boardgreen1 sentence1965In Coomes v. State Personnel Board, supra, 215 Cal.App.2d at page 776, Mr. Justice Friedman, speaking for this court, stated: “. . . | 1 | 1 |
Rattray v. Scuddergreen2 sentences1960(Rattray v. Scudder, 28 Cal.2d 214, 222-223 [ 169 P.2d 371 , 164 A.L.R. 1356 ].) Barker’s representation that $25 an acre was all he could get for the property and his failure to disclose that he had been offered $45 an acre for it was a flagrant violation of his duties. 1960(Rattray v. Scudder, 28 Cal.2d 214, 222-223 [ 169 P.2d 371 , 164 A.L.R. 1356 ].) Barker’s representation that $25 an acre was all he could get for the property and his failure to disclose that he had been offered $45 an acre for it was a flagrant violation of his duties. | 1 | 1 |
Porter v. Bakersfield & Kern Electric Railway Co.green2 sentences1959Co., 36 Cal.2d 582, 590 [ 225 P.2d 223 ] : “It is elementary that the language used in any opinion is to be understood in the light of the facts and the issue then before the court.” In the Lyons case the prosecuting attorney had committed the very flagrant error in cross-examining the wife of the defendant (who had not yet testified) of alluding to a prior conviction of defendant under another name. 1959Co., 36 Cal.2d 582, 590 [ 225 P.2d 223 ] : “It is elementary that the language used in any opinion is to be understood in the light of the facts and the issue then before the court.” In the Lyons case the prosecuting attorney had committed the very flagrant error in cross-examining the wife of the defendant (who had not yet testified) of alluding to a prior conviction of defendant under another name. | 1 | 1 |
Swan v. Thompsongreen1 sentence1931In Swan v. Thompson, 124 Cal. 193, 198 [ 56 Pac. 878, 880 ], a slander ease, a charge that a “master mariner is in the habit of getting drunk” is said to be sufficiently broad to cover his conduct upon his voyages, as well as between his voyages, upon the sea as well as upon the land. | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Miranda v. Arizona
green
2 sentences1990Further, I could not at that time conceive that evidence obtained in incidents such as the present flagrant violation of Miranda v. Arizona (1966) 384 U.S. 436 .. . and People v. Fioritto (1968) 68 Cal.2d 714 .. . would ever be presented to a trier of fact. 1976Further, I could not at that time conceive that evidence obtained in incidents such as the present flagrant violation of Miranda v. Arizona (1966) 384 U.S. 436 [ 16 L.Ed.2d 694 , 86 S.Ct. 1602 , 10 A.L.R.3d 974 ] and People v. Fioritto (1968) 68 Cal.2d 714 [ 68 Cal.Rptr. 817 , 441 P.2d 625 ] would ever be presented to a trier of fact. | 2 | 1976–1990 |
People v. Fioritto
green
2 sentences1990Further, I could not at that time conceive that evidence obtained in incidents such as the present flagrant violation of Miranda v. Arizona (1966) 384 U.S. 436 .. . and People v. Fioritto (1968) 68 Cal.2d 714 .. . would ever be presented to a trier of fact. 1976Further, I could not at that time conceive that evidence obtained in incidents such as the present flagrant violation of Miranda v. Arizona (1966) 384 U.S. 436 [ 16 L.Ed.2d 694 , 86 S.Ct. 1602 , 10 A.L.R.3d 974 ] and People v. Fioritto (1968) 68 Cal.2d 714 [ 68 Cal.Rptr. 817 , 441 P.2d 625 ] would ever be presented to a trier of fact. | 2 | 1976–1990 |
Duggan v. Moss
green
1 sentence2026(See, e.g., Duggan v. Moss, supra, 98 Cal.App.3d at p. 743 .) 10 Striking the Answer Was an Unauthorized Terminating Sanction We also find merit to defendant’s alternative contention that even if the court’s methodology of shortening time for the Notice was within its discretion, striking defendant’s answer as a sanction for her failure to attend trial was reversible error. “[S]anctions are generally imposed in an incremental approach, with terminating sanctions being the last resort.” (See Dept. of Forestry & Fire Protection v. Howell (2017) 18 Cal.App.5th 154, 191 , disapproved on another gr | 1 | 2026–2026 |
Dep't of Forestry & Fire Prot. v. Howell
green
1 sentence2026(See, e.g., Duggan v. Moss, supra, 98 Cal.App.3d at p. 743 .) 10 Striking the Answer Was an Unauthorized Terminating Sanction We also find merit to defendant’s alternative contention that even if the court’s methodology of shortening time for the Notice was within its discretion, striking defendant’s answer as a sanction for her failure to attend trial was reversible error. “[S]anctions are generally imposed in an incremental approach, with terminating sanctions being the last resort.” (See Dept. of Forestry & Fire Protection v. Howell (2017) 18 Cal.App.5th 154, 191 , disapproved on another gr | 1 | 2026–2026 |
People v. Winbush
green
2 sentences2018(See People v. Winbush (2017) 2 Cal.5th 402 , 454, 213 Cal.Rptr.3d 1 , 387 P.3d 1187 ( Winbush ) ["This flagrant violation of Miranda weighed heavily in our conclusion that the interrogation [in Neal ] was coercive."]; Holloway , 33 Cal.4th at p. 117 , 14 Cal.Rptr.3d 212 , 91 P.3d 164 [distinguishing McClary where "we have no such insistent overriding of a defendant's invocation of rights, no false representation regarding the death penalty, and no promise of a particular charge or other particular lenient treatment in exchange for cooperation"].) We also find significant Sergeant Keech's cond 2018(See People v. Winbush (2017) 2 Cal.5th 402 , 454, 213 Cal.Rptr.3d 1 , 387 P.3d 1187 ( Winbush ) ["This flagrant violation of Miranda weighed heavily in our conclusion that the interrogation [in Neal ] was coercive."]; Holloway , 33 Cal.4th at p. 117 , 14 Cal.Rptr.3d 212 , 91 P.3d 164 [distinguishing McClary where "we have no such insistent overriding of a defendant's invocation of rights, no false representation regarding the death penalty, and no promise of a particular charge or other particular lenient treatment in exchange for cooperation"].) We also find significant Sergeant Keech's cond | 1 | 2018–2018 |
People v. Holloway
green
2 sentences2018(See People v. Winbush (2017) 2 Cal.5th 402 , 454, 213 Cal.Rptr.3d 1 , 387 P.3d 1187 ( Winbush ) ["This flagrant violation of Miranda weighed heavily in our conclusion that the interrogation [in Neal ] was coercive."]; Holloway , 33 Cal.4th at p. 117 , 14 Cal.Rptr.3d 212 , 91 P.3d 164 [distinguishing McClary where "we have no such insistent overriding of a defendant's invocation of rights, no false representation regarding the death penalty, and no promise of a particular charge or other particular lenient treatment in exchange for cooperation"].) We also find significant Sergeant Keech's cond 2018(See People v. Winbush (2017) 2 Cal.5th 402 , 454, 213 Cal.Rptr.3d 1 , 387 P.3d 1187 ( Winbush ) ["This flagrant violation of Miranda weighed heavily in our conclusion that the interrogation [in Neal ] was coercive."]; Holloway , 33 Cal.4th at p. 117 , 14 Cal.Rptr.3d 212 , 91 P.3d 164 [distinguishing McClary where "we have no such insistent overriding of a defendant's invocation of rights, no false representation regarding the death penalty, and no promise of a particular charge or other particular lenient treatment in exchange for cooperation"].) We also find significant Sergeant Keech's cond | 1 | 2018–2018 |
People v. Williams
green
2 sentences2017(Cf. People v. Williams , supra , 49 Cal.4th at pp. 447-448, 111 Cal.Rptr.3d 589 , 233 P.3d 1000 [distinguishing Neal on these grounds].) Taylor v. Maddox (9th Cir. 2004) 366 F.3d 992 is neither binding nor apposite. 2017(Cf. People v. Williams , supra , 49 Cal.4th at pp. 447-448, 111 Cal.Rptr.3d 589 , 233 P.3d 1000 [distinguishing Neal on these grounds].) Taylor v. Maddox (9th Cir. 2004) 366 F.3d 992 is neither binding nor apposite. | 1 | 2017–2017 |
Leif Taylor v. Thomas M. Maddox, Interim Director George Galaza Cal Terhune
green
1 sentence2017(Cf. People v. Williams , supra , 49 Cal.4th at pp. 447-448, 111 Cal.Rptr.3d 589 , 233 P.3d 1000 [distinguishing Neal on these grounds].) Taylor v. Maddox (9th Cir. 2004) 366 F.3d 992 is neither binding nor apposite. | 1 | 2017–2017 |
Blumberg v. Minthorne
green
1 sentence2015(Blumberg,supra, 233 Cal.App.4th at p. 1391 .) The court noted an appellate court has “inherent power” to dismiss under the disentitlement doctrine when a party “refuses to comply with a lower court order.” (Id. at p. 1390.) Finding the appellant had disobeyed two court orders, the court concluded such willful disobedience justified dismissal of the appeal. | 1 | 2015–2015 |
Rakas v. Illinois
green
2 sentences1985In Rakas v. Illinois (1978) 439 U.S. 128 [ 58 L.Ed.2d 387 , 99 S.Ct. 421 ], the United States Supreme Court held that only those defendants whose own constitutional rights were infringed have standing to challenge the legality of a search. 1985In Rakas v. Illinois (1978) 439 U.S. 128 [ 58 L.Ed.2d 387 , 99 S.Ct. 421 ], the United States Supreme Court held that only those defendants whose own constitutional rights were infringed have standing to challenge the legality of a search. | 1 | 1985–1985 |
Ellis v. Roshei Corp.
green
2 sentences1983(Ellis v. Roshei Corp. (1983) 143 Cal.App.3d 642 , 647 & fn. 5 [ 192 Cal.Rptr. 57 ].) Plaintiff’s rush to compel sanctions against defendant on an ex parte basis was a flagrant violation of due process principles. 1983(Ellis v. Roshei Corp. (1983) 143 Cal.App.3d 642 , 647 & fn. 5 [ 192 Cal.Rptr. 57 ].) Plaintiff’s rush to compel sanctions against defendant on an ex parte basis was a flagrant violation of due process principles. | 1 | 1983–1983 |
Zhadan v. Downtown L.A. Motors
green
2 sentences1979A. Motors, supra, 66 Cal.App.3d 481, 497 .) Defendant Motors, however, argues that the weight of the opposing evidence it presented at the second trial establishes facts which militate against plaintiff’s recovery. 1979A. Motors, supra, 66 Cal.App.3d 481, 496-497 .) The Legislature has established consumer protection policies to safeguard the public from being duped by unscrupulous sellers and the jury apparently reached a verdict that would serve as an example to others not to engage in similarly reprehensible conduct. | 1 | 1979–1979 |
Goldstein v. Hoffman
green
1 sentence1971(Cf. Rundell v. McDonald, 62 Cal.App. 721 [ 217 P. 1082 ] (agreement held enforceable despite specific finding of lack of knowledge), and Goldstein v. Hoffman, supra, 213 Cal.App.2d 803 (summary judgment affirmed and plaintiffs’ affidavits held sufficient although silent with respect to knowledge).) At most, the lack of knowledge, combined with other circumstances, may contribute support for a claim of superior equity sufficient to provide a basis for limiting enforceability. | 1 | 1971–1971 |
Rundell v. McDonald
green
2 sentences1971(Cf. Rundell v. McDonald, 62 Cal.App. 721 [ 217 P. 1082 ] (agreement held enforceable despite specific finding of lack of knowledge), and Goldstein v. Hoffman, supra, 213 Cal.App.2d 803 (summary judgment affirmed and plaintiffs’ affidavits held sufficient although silent with respect to knowledge).) At most, the lack of knowledge, combined with other circumstances, may contribute support for a claim of superior equity sufficient to provide a basis for limiting enforceability. 1971(Cf. Rundell v. McDonald, 62 Cal.App. 721 [ 217 P. 1082 ] (agreement held enforceable despite specific finding of lack of knowledge), and Goldstein v. Hoffman, supra, 213 Cal.App.2d 803 (summary judgment affirmed and plaintiffs’ affidavits held sufficient although silent with respect to knowledge).) At most, the lack of knowledge, combined with other circumstances, may contribute support for a claim of superior equity sufficient to provide a basis for limiting enforceability. | 1 | 1971–1971 |
People v. Mayen
green
2 sentences1950I dissent from the order denying a hearing in this case, and because of the flagrant violation of the fundamental constitutional right of privacy depicted in the opinion of the District Court of Appeal, I cannot refrain from giving *144 expression to the strong feeling which I have against the holding of this court (People v. Mayen, 188 Cal. 237 [ 205 P. 435 , 24 A.L.R. 1383 ]; People v. Gonzales, 20 Cal.2d 165 [ 124 P.2d 44 ]; People v. Kelley, 22 Cal.2d 169 [ 137 P.2d 1 ]) which gives aid and comfort to so-called officers of the law who are so lacking in respect for the constitutional provis 1950I dissent from the order denying a hearing in this case, and because of the flagrant violation of the fundamental constitutional right of privacy depicted in the opinion of the District Court of Appeal, I cannot refrain from giving *144 expression to the strong feeling which I have against the holding of this court (People v. Mayen, 188 Cal. 237 [ 205 P. 435 , 24 A.L.R. 1383 ]; People v. Gonzales, 20 Cal.2d 165 [ 124 P.2d 44 ]; People v. Kelley, 22 Cal.2d 169 [ 137 P.2d 1 ]) which gives aid and comfort to so-called officers of the law who are so lacking in respect for the constitutional provis | 1 | 1950–1950 |
People v. Gonzales
green
2 sentences1950I dissent from the order denying a hearing in this case, and because of the flagrant violation of the fundamental constitutional right of privacy depicted in the opinion of the District Court of Appeal, I cannot refrain from giving *144 expression to the strong feeling which I have against the holding of this court (People v. Mayen, 188 Cal. 237 [ 205 P. 435 , 24 A.L.R. 1383 ]; People v. Gonzales, 20 Cal.2d 165 [ 124 P.2d 44 ]; People v. Kelley, 22 Cal.2d 169 [ 137 P.2d 1 ]) which gives aid and comfort to so-called officers of the law who are so lacking in respect for the constitutional provis 1950I dissent from the order denying a hearing in this case, and because of the flagrant violation of the fundamental constitutional right of privacy depicted in the opinion of the District Court of Appeal, I cannot refrain from giving *144 expression to the strong feeling which I have against the holding of this court (People v. Mayen, 188 Cal. 237 [ 205 P. 435 , 24 A.L.R. 1383 ]; People v. Gonzales, 20 Cal.2d 165 [ 124 P.2d 44 ]; People v. Kelley, 22 Cal.2d 169 [ 137 P.2d 1 ]) which gives aid and comfort to so-called officers of the law who are so lacking in respect for the constitutional provis | 1 | 1950–1950 |
People v. Kelley
green
2 sentences1950I dissent from the order denying a hearing in this case, and because of the flagrant violation of the fundamental constitutional right of privacy depicted in the opinion of the District Court of Appeal, I cannot refrain from giving *144 expression to the strong feeling which I have against the holding of this court (People v. Mayen, 188 Cal. 237 [ 205 P. 435 , 24 A.L.R. 1383 ]; People v. Gonzales, 20 Cal.2d 165 [ 124 P.2d 44 ]; People v. Kelley, 22 Cal.2d 169 [ 137 P.2d 1 ]) which gives aid and comfort to so-called officers of the law who are so lacking in respect for the constitutional provis 1950I dissent from the order denying a hearing in this case, and because of the flagrant violation of the fundamental constitutional right of privacy depicted in the opinion of the District Court of Appeal, I cannot refrain from giving *144 expression to the strong feeling which I have against the holding of this court (People v. Mayen, 188 Cal. 237 [ 205 P. 435 , 24 A.L.R. 1383 ]; People v. Gonzales, 20 Cal.2d 165 [ 124 P.2d 44 ]; People v. Kelley, 22 Cal.2d 169 [ 137 P.2d 1 ]) which gives aid and comfort to so-called officers of the law who are so lacking in respect for the constitutional provis | 1 | 1950–1950 |
Luengo y Cabo v. Acosta y Knight
neutral
1 sentence1931In Swan v. Thompson, 124 Cal. 193, 198 [ 56 Pac. 878, 880 ], a slander ease, a charge that a “master mariner is in the habit of getting drunk” is said to be sufficiently broad to cover his conduct upon his voyages, as well as between his voyages, upon the sea as well as upon the land. | 1 | 1931–1931 |
Jones v. Sanderson
neutral
2 sentences1929The next assertion of the appellant is that the court had no jurisdiction to try the cause, “since the accused had previously been acquitted before this same court upon a felony charge based upon the same facts.” He relies upon Ex parte Tyler, 107 Cal. 78 [ 40 Pac. 33 ], People v. Deneen, 212 Ill. 615 [ 72 N. E. 789 ], People v. Comstock, 176 Ill. 192 [ 52 N. E. 67 ], In re Z, 89 Mo. App. 426 , State v. Gebhardt, 87 Mo. App. 542 , and Jones v. Sanderson, 287 Mo. 176 [ 229 S. W. 1087 ], as supporting his contention. 1929The next assertion of the appellant is that the court had no jurisdiction to try the cause, “since the accused had previously been acquitted before this same court upon a felony charge based upon the same facts.” He relies upon Ex parte Tyler, 107 Cal. 78 [ 40 Pac. 33 ], People v. Deneen, 212 Ill. 615 [ 72 N. E. 789 ], People v. Comstock, 176 Ill. 192 [ 52 N. E. 67 ], In re Z, 89 Mo. App. 426 , State v. Gebhardt, 87 Mo. App. 542 , and Jones v. Sanderson, 287 Mo. 176 [ 229 S. W. 1087 ], as supporting his contention. | 1 | 1929–1929 |
| State ex rel. Johnson v. Gebhardt neutral | 1 | 1929–1929 |
| In re Z neutral | 1 | 1929–1929 |
| People ex rel. Chiperfield v. Comstock neutral | 1 | 1929–1929 |
| Ex parte Tyler green | 1 | 1929–1929 |
| People ex rel. Deneen v. John neutral | 1 | 1929–1929 |
| People v. Kromphold green | 1 | 1922–1922 |
| In re Sic green | 1 | 1910–1910 |
| Hutton v. Superior Court green | 1 | 1908–1908 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.