burden of showing error (Georgia) · Go Syfert
← Georgia issues

burden of showing error in Georgia

147 Georgia opinions name it 2 courts 1906–2026 12 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Georgia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (61)

CaseFollowedCited
Bryant v. Stategreen
ga · 1998 · cited in 6 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2004–2022
2 sentences

2022See Palmer, supra at 683-684 (4); see also Bryant v. State, 270 Ga. 266 , 271 n.18 (4) ( 507 SE2d 451 ) (1998) (“If counsel raise issues on appeal relating to voir dire, they also must transcribe the voir dire in order for there to be an appellate review, as an appellant carries the burden of showing error by the record.”). 3.

2022See Palmer, supra at 683-684 (4); see also Bryant v. State, 270 Ga. 266 , 271 n.18 (4) ( 507 SE2d 451 ) (1998) (“If counsel raise issues on appeal relating to voir dire, they also must transcribe the voir dire in order for there to be an appellate review, as an appellant carries the burden of showing error by the record.”). 3.

56
Boles v. Leegreen
ga · 1999 · cited in 5 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2021
2 sentences

2012Dillard and Boggs, JJ., concur. 1 (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Nagel v. State, 262 Ga. 888, 892 (2) (b) ( 427 SE2d 490 ) (1993). 2 (Footnote omitted.) Boles v. Lee, 270 Ga. 454, 455 (1) ( 511 SE2d 177 ) (1999). 3 See, e.g., Brown v. Frachiseur, 247 Ga. 463, 464-465 ( 277 SE2d 16 ) (1981) (holding that an appellate court may affirm on the ground that “the appellant failed to present... a record *90 sufficient to enable [the court] to determine whether the trial court has committed reversible error”) (citation omitted); Bennett v. Executive Benefits, Inc., 210 Ga. App. 429 ( 436 SE2d 544

2012Dillard and Boggs, JJ., concur. 1 (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Nagel v. State, 262 Ga. 888, 892 (2) (b) ( 427 SE2d 490 ) (1993). 2 (Footnote omitted.) Boles v. Lee, 270 Ga. 454, 455 (1) ( 511 SE2d 177 ) (1999). 3 See, e.g., Brown v. Frachiseur, 247 Ga. 463, 464-465 ( 277 SE2d 16 ) (1981) (holding that an appellate court may affirm on the ground that “the appellant failed to present... a record *90 sufficient to enable [the court] to determine whether the trial court has committed reversible error”) (citation omitted); Bennett v. Executive Benefits, Inc., 210 Ga. App. 429 ( 436 SE2d 544

55
Brown v. Frachiseurgreen
ga · 1981 · cited in 5 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1987–2014
2 sentences

2012Dillard and Boggs, JJ., concur. 1 (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Nagel v. State, 262 Ga. 888, 892 (2) (b) ( 427 SE2d 490 ) (1993). 2 (Footnote omitted.) Boles v. Lee, 270 Ga. 454, 455 (1) ( 511 SE2d 177 ) (1999). 3 See, e.g., Brown v. Frachiseur, 247 Ga. 463, 464-465 ( 277 SE2d 16 ) (1981) (holding that an appellate court may affirm on the ground that “the appellant failed to present... a record *90 sufficient to enable [the court] to determine whether the trial court has committed reversible error”) (citation omitted); Bennett v. Executive Benefits, Inc., 210 Ga. App. 429 ( 436 SE2d 544

2012Dillard and Boggs, JJ., concur. 1 (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Nagel v. State, 262 Ga. 888, 892 (2) (b) ( 427 SE2d 490 ) (1993). 2 (Footnote omitted.) Boles v. Lee, 270 Ga. 454, 455 (1) ( 511 SE2d 177 ) (1999). 3 See, e.g., Brown v. Frachiseur, 247 Ga. 463, 464-465 ( 277 SE2d 16 ) (1981) (holding that an appellate court may affirm on the ground that “the appellant failed to present... a record *90 sufficient to enable [the court] to determine whether the trial court has committed reversible error”) (citation omitted); Bennett v. Executive Benefits, Inc., 210 Ga. App. 429 ( 436 SE2d 544

55
Williams v. Stategreen
gactapp · 1988 · cited in 7 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1989–1992
2 sentences

1991The defendant has the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record and this burden is not discharged by recitations in the brief. [Cit.]’ [Cit.]” Williams v. State, 188 Ga. App. 496, 499 (3) ( 373 SE2d 281 ) (1988). 4.

1991The defendant has the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record and this burden is not discharged by recitations in the brief. [Cit.]’ [Cit.]” Williams v. State, 188 Ga. App. 496, 499 (3) ( 373 SE2d 281 ) (1988). 4.

47
Luong v. Trangreen
gactapp · 2006 · cited in 3 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2013–2023
2 sentences

2023Luong v. Tran, 280 Ga. App. 15, 18 (2) ( 633 SE2d 797 ) (2006) (“[I]t is axiomatic that [Appellant] bears the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record.”).

2023Luong v. Tran, 280 Ga. App. 15, 18 (2) ( 633 SE2d 797 ) (2006) (“[I]t is axiomatic that [Appellant] bears the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record.”).

33
Sykes v. Stategreen
gactapp · 1999 · cited in 3 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2001–2012
2 sentences

2012(Citations omitted; emphasis supplied.) Sykes v. State, 236 Ga. App. 518, 520 (2) ( 511 SE2d 566 ) (1999).

2012(Citations omitted; emphasis supplied.) Sykes v. State, 236 Ga. App. 518, 520 (2) ( 511 SE2d 566 ) (1999).

33
Payne v. Stategreen
gactapp · 1995 · cited in 3 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2002–2011
2 sentences

2011(Citation and punctuation omitted.) Payne v. State, 217 Ga. App. 386, 387 ( 460 SE2d 297 ) (1995).

2011(Citation and punctuation omitted.) Payne v. State, 217 Ga. App. 386, 387 ( 460 SE2d 297 ) (1995).

33
Arnold v. Stategreen
gactapp · 1991 · cited in 3 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1993–1997
2 sentences

1997Arnold v. State, 198 Ga. App. 514, 516 (3) ( 402 SE2d 312 ) (1991).” Robbins v. State, 207 Ga. App. 556 (1) ( 428 SE2d 450 ) (1993).

1997Arnold v. State, 198 Ga. App. 514, 516 (3) ( 402 SE2d 312 ) (1991).” Robbins v. State, 207 Ga. App. 556 (1) ( 428 SE2d 450 ) (1993).

23
Blackshear v. Blacksheargreen
ga · 1974 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2010–2014
2 sentences

2010See also OCGA § 5-6-42 ("[w]here there is a transcript of evidence and proceedings to be included in the record on appeal, the appellant shall cause the transcript to be prepared and filed"); Blackshear v. Blackshear, 232 Ga. 312, 314 (2), 206 S.E.2d 429 (1974) (appellant "has the burden of showing error below"); Hudspeth v. Scarborough, 69 Ga. 777, 781 (4) (1883) ("[t]he duty is on the plaintiff in error to show error—to make it appear plainly to this court").

2010See also OCGA § 5-6-42 ("[w]here there is a transcript of evidence and proceedings to be included in the record on appeal, the appellant shall cause the transcript to be prepared and filed"); Blackshear v. Blackshear, 232 Ga. 312, 314 (2), 206 S.E.2d 429 (1974) (appellant "has the burden of showing error below"); Hudspeth v. Scarborough, 69 Ga. 777, 781 (4) (1883) ("[t]he duty is on the plaintiff in error to show error—to make it appear plainly to this court").

22
Lark v. Stategreen
gactapp · 1989 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1990–1991
2 sentences

1991When the purported waiver of this right is questioned, the State bears the burden of showing the waiver was made both intelligently and knowingly, either "(1) by showing on the record that the defendant was cognizant of the right being waived; or (2) by filling a silent (or incomplete) record through the use of extrinsic evidence which affirmatively shows that the waiver was knowingly and voluntarily made." [Cit.]' [Cits.]" Lark v. State, 190 Ga. App. 821, 822 ( 380 SE2d 505 ) (1989).

1991When the purported waiver of this right is questioned, the State bears the burden of showing the waiver was made both intelligently and knowingly, either "(1) by showing on the record that the defendant was cognizant of the right being waived; or (2) by filling a silent (or incomplete) record through the use of extrinsic evidence which affirmatively shows that the waiver was knowingly and voluntarily made." [Cit.]' [Cits.]" Lark v. State, 190 Ga. App. 821, 822 ( 380 SE2d 505 ) (1989).

22
In Re Hollygreen
gactapp · 1988 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1989–1991
2 sentences

1991Accord In re Holly, 188 Ga. App. 202, 203 ( 372 SE2d 479 ) (1988).

1991Accord In re Holly, 188 Ga. App. 202, 203 ( 372 SE2d 479 ) (1988).

22
Roach v. Stategreen
ga · 1966 · cited in 6 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1974–1989
2 sentences

1989Appellant has the burden of showing error affirmatively in the record, Roach v. State, 221 Ga. 783 (4) ( 147 SE2d 299 ), and we will not presume error from a silent record.

1989Appellant has the burden of showing error affirmatively in the record, Roach v. State, 221 Ga. 783 (4) ( 147 SE2d 299 ), and we will not presume error from a silent record.

16
Benton v. Stategreen
gactapp · 2007 · cited in 4 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2008–2020
2 sentences

2020To begin with, none of those exhibits are included with the transcript of the recusal hearing, and so, we are unable to confirm their contents.39 In any event, 37 Keenum, 248 Ga. App. at 476 (4) (punctuation omitted); accord Salazar, 256 Ga. App. at 51 (1). 38 See supra notes 36-37 & accompanying text. 39 See Benton v. State, 286 Ga. App. 736, 736 ( 649 SE2d 793 ) (2007) (“[A]n appellant bears the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record, and [when] the transcript does not fully disclose what transpired at trial, it is the duty of the complaining party to have the record completed .

2020To begin with, none of those exhibits are included with the transcript of the recusal hearing, and so, we are unable to confirm their contents.39 In any event, 37 Keenum, 248 Ga. App. at 476 (4) (punctuation omitted); accord Salazar, 256 Ga. App. at 51 (1). 38 See supra notes 36-37 & accompanying text. 39 See Benton v. State, 286 Ga. App. 736, 736 ( 649 SE2d 793 ) (2007) (“[A]n appellant bears the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record, and [when] the transcript does not fully disclose what transpired at trial, it is the duty of the complaining party to have the record completed .

14
In the Interest of H. B., Childrengreen
gactapp · 2018 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2018–2022
2 sentences

2022B., 346 Ga. App. 163, 165 (1) ( 816 SE2d 313 ) (2018) (“Appellants have the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record.”) (citation and punctuation omitted). 3.

2022B., 346 Ga. App. 163, 165 (1) ( 816 SE2d 313 ) (2018) (“Appellants have the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record.”) (citation and punctuation omitted). 3.

12
Famble v. State Farm Insurancegreen
gactapp · 1992 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2018–2019
2 sentences

2019Co. , 204 Ga. App. 332 , 336 (4), 419 S.E.2d 143 (1992) ("Appellants have the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record....

2019Co. , 204 Ga. App. 332 , 336 (4), 419 S.E.2d 143 (1992) ("Appellants have the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record....

12
Redford v. COLLIER HEIGHTS APARTMENTSgreen
gactapp · 2009 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018Redford , 298 Ga. App. at 117 , 679 S.E.2d 120 . "[W]e have consistently affirmed the trial court's summary judgment order where the appellant has omitted a deposition or other evidence from the appellate record, especially where, as here, the trial court stated in its order that it has relied on 'the entire record' in reaching its decision." Armstrong , 299 Ga. App. at 885 , 683 S.E.2d 915 .

2018Redford , 298 Ga. App. at 117 , 679 S.E.2d 120 . "[W]e have consistently affirmed the trial court's summary judgment order where the appellant has omitted a deposition or other evidence from the appellate record, especially where, as here, the trial court stated in its order that it has relied on 'the entire record' in reaching its decision." Armstrong , 299 Ga. App. at 885 , 683 S.E.2d 915 .

12
Wood v. Stategreen
gactapp · 1991 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1992–2005
2 sentences

2005Wood v. State, 199 Ga. App. 252 (1) ( 404 SE2d 589 ) (1991) (“The defendant has the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record and this burden is not discharged by recitations in the brief.”) (citations and punctuation omitted). 3.

2005Wood v. State, 199 Ga. App. 252 (1) ( 404 SE2d 589 ) (1991) (“The defendant has the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record and this burden is not discharged by recitations in the brief.”) (citations and punctuation omitted). 3.

12
Birts v. Stategreen
gactapp · 1989 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1999–2001
2 sentences

2001Id.

2001Id.

12
Hendricks v. Emersongreen
gactapp · 1991 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
2 sentences

1992Hendricks v. Emerson, 199 Ga. App. 208, 209 (2) ( 404 SE2d 279 ) (1991).

1992Hendricks v. Emerson, 199 Ga. App. 208, 209 (2) ( 404 SE2d 279 ) (1991).

12
Bowden v. the Medical Center, Inc.green
ga · 2015 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026As previously noted, “relevant” is construed broadly in the context of discovery “to encompass any matter that bears on, or that reasonably could lead to other matter that could bear on, any issue that is or may be in the case,” Bowden, 297 Ga. at 291 (2)(a), and the fact that the information may be inadmissible at trial does not preclude its production “if the information sought appears reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence.” Omni Healthcare, 377 Ga. App. at 90(3) SE2d 404) (2020) (“[T]he appellant bears the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record,

11
McKoy v. Stategreen
ga · 2018 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See Tavarez v. State, 319 Ga. 480, 483, n.4 (2024) (Any ambiguity or lack of evidence in the appellate record does not help the appellant, who bears the burden of showing error in the record on appeal.); McKoy v. State, 303 Ga. 327, 333 (2018) (It is “axiomatic that a conclusion that reversible 13 We express no opinion as to whether the superior court properly granted the injunction when the Ordinance apparently did not appear in the trial record in this litigation.

11
Tavarez v. Stategreen
ga · 2024 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See Tavarez v. State, 319 Ga. 480, 483, n.4 (2024) (Any ambiguity or lack of evidence in the appellate record does not help the appellant, who bears the burden of showing error in the record on appeal.); McKoy v. State, 303 Ga. 327, 333 (2018) (It is “axiomatic that a conclusion that reversible 13 We express no opinion as to whether the superior court properly granted the injunction when the Ordinance apparently did not appear in the trial record in this litigation.

11
Griffis v. Branch Banking & Trust Co.green
gactapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
11
Strother v. Stategreen
ga · 2019 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
11
Gates v. Stategreen
ga · 2016 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
11
Rodriguez v. Stategreen
ga · 2014 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
11
Payne v. Stategreen
ga · 2022 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
11
Birdow v. Stategreen
ga · 2019 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
King v. Stategreen
ga · 2016 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Puga-Cerantes v. Stategreen
ga · 2006 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Palmer v. the Stategreen
gactapp · 2015 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Salazar v. Stategreen
gactapp · 2002 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Keenum v. Stategreen
gactapp · 2001 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Ringold v. Stategreen
ga · 2019 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Roach v. Roachgreen
gactapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Phillips v. Phillips.green
gactapp · 2018 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Addison v. Reecegreen
ga · 1993 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Stegeman v. Heritage Bankgreen
gactapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
McLendon v. McLendongreen
ga · 2015 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Weeks v. Stategreen
gactapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Georgia. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (19)

CaseCitedYears
White v. State green
gactapp · 1990
2 sentences

1995“When the purported waiver of this right is questioned, the State bears the burden of showing the waiver was made both intelligently and knowingly, either (1) by showing on the record that the defendant was cognizant of the right being waived; or (2) by filling a silent or incomplete record through the use of extrinsic evidence which affirmatively shows that the waiver was knowingly and voluntarily made.” (Punctuation omitted.) White v. State, 197 Ga. App. 162 ( 398 SE2d 35 ) (1990).

1995“When the purported waiver of this right is questioned, the State bears the burden of showing the waiver was made both intelligently and knowingly, either (1) by showing on the record that the defendant was cognizant of the right being waived; or (2) by filling a silent or incomplete record through the use of extrinsic evidence which affirmatively shows that the waiver was knowingly and voluntarily made.” (Punctuation omitted.) White v. State, 197 Ga. App. 162 ( 398 SE2d 35 ) (1990).

51992–2005
Rogers v. State green
gactapp · 1980
2 sentences

1989The charge requested, however, is not included in the record on appeal. “[Appellant] has the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record and this burden is not discharged by recitations in the brief. [Cit.]” Rogers v. State, 155 Ga. App. 685 (1) ( 272 SE2d 549 ) (1980).

1989The charge requested, however, is not included in the record on appeal. “[Appellant] has the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record and this burden is not discharged by recitations in the brief. [Cit.]” Rogers v. State, 155 Ga. App. 685 (1) ( 272 SE2d 549 ) (1980).

51988–1993
Sims v. State green
gactapp · 1983
2 sentences

1989When the purported waiver of this right is questioned, the State bears the burden of showing the waiver was made both intelligently and knowingly, either ‘(1) by showing on the record that the defendant was cognizant of the right being waived; or (2) by filling a silent (or incomplete) record through the use of extrinsic evidence which affirmatively shows that the waiver was knowingly and voluntarily made.’ Sims v. State, 167 Ga. App. 479 (1) ( 306 SE2d 732 ) (1983).” Hill v. State, 181 Ga. App. 473 ( 352 SE2d 651 ) (1987); see Johnson v. State, 157 Ga. App. *823 155 (1) ( 276 SE2d 667 ) (1981

1989When the purported waiver of this right is questioned, the State bears the burden of showing the waiver was made both intelligently and knowingly, either ‘(1) by showing on the record that the defendant was cognizant of the right being waived; or (2) by filling a silent (or incomplete) record through the use of extrinsic evidence which affirmatively shows that the waiver was knowingly and voluntarily made.’ Sims v. State, 167 Ga. App. 479 (1) ( 306 SE2d 732 ) (1983).” Hill v. State, 181 Ga. App. 473 ( 352 SE2d 651 ) (1987); see Johnson v. State, 157 Ga. App. *823 155 (1) ( 276 SE2d 667 ) (1981

31987–1991
Brown v. City of Atlanta green
ga · 1880
2 sentences

1973Brown v. City of Atlanta, 66 Ga. 71, 76 ; Taylor v. R.

1969Brown v. City of Atlanta, 66 Ga. 71, 76 ; Taylor v. R.

31967–1973
Huff v. Vallejo. neutral
gactapp · 2018
2 sentences

2026Huff v. Vallejo, 347 Ga. App. 127 , 130 ( 817 SE2d 696 ) (2018).

2019See also OCGA § 19-9-3 (a) (2). 12 (Punctuation omitted.) Phillips v. Phillips , 347 Ga. App. 524 , 527 (2), 820 S.E.2d 158 (2018), quoting McLendon v. McLendon , 297 Ga. 779 , 780-781 (3), 778 S.E.2d 213 (2015). 13 (Emphasis omitted.) 14 The index for the hearing transcript states that the GAL's recommendation "was submitted by brief." According to the clerk of the juvenile court, the GAL emailed her recommendation to the juvenile judge; it was not filed below and is not in the record on appeal. " 'Appellants have the burden of showing error affirmatively by the record.' " Huff v. Vallejo , 3

22019–2026
Holmes v. Roberson-Holmes green
ga · 2010
2 sentences

2014Husband, as the appellant here, *578 bears the burden of showing error below. 2 Holmes v. Roberson-Holmes, 287 Ga. 358 (1) ( 695 SE2d 586 ) (2010). “ ‘In accordance with the presumption of the regularity of court proceedings, we must assume in the absence of a transcript that there was sufficient competent evidence to support the trial court’s findings.’ ” Id. at 361 (emphasis omitted).

2014Husband, as the appellant here, *578 bears the burden of showing error below. 2 Holmes v. Roberson-Holmes, 287 Ga. 358 (1) ( 695 SE2d 586 ) (2010). “ ‘In accordance with the presumption of the regularity of court proceedings, we must assume in the absence of a transcript that there was sufficient competent evidence to support the trial court’s findings.’ ” Id. at 361 (emphasis omitted).

22014–2014
Robbins v. State green
gactapp · 1993
2 sentences

1997Arnold v. State, 198 Ga. App. 514, 516 (3) ( 402 SE2d 312 ) (1991).” Robbins v. State, 207 Ga. App. 556 (1) ( 428 SE2d 450 ) (1993).

1997Arnold v. State, 198 Ga. App. 514, 516 (3) ( 402 SE2d 312 ) (1991).” Robbins v. State, 207 Ga. App. 556 (1) ( 428 SE2d 450 ) (1993).

21997–1997
Hill v. State green
gactapp · 1987
2 sentences

1990When the purported waiver of this right is questioned, the State bears the burden of showing the waiver was made both intelligently and knowingly, either (1) by showing on the record that the defendant was cognizant of the right being waived; or (2) by filling a silent or incomplete record through the use of extrinsic evidence which affirmatively shows that the waiver was knowingly and voluntarily made.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Lark v. State, 190 Ga. App. 821, 822 (3) ( 380 SE2d 505 ); Hill v. State, 181 Ga. App. 473 (1) ( 352 SE2d 651 ).

1990When the purported waiver of this right is questioned, the State bears the burden of showing the waiver was made both intelligently and knowingly, either (1) by showing on the record that the defendant was cognizant of the right being waived; or (2) by filling a silent or incomplete record through the use of extrinsic evidence which affirmatively shows that the waiver was knowingly and voluntarily made.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Lark v. State, 190 Ga. App. 821, 822 (3) ( 380 SE2d 505 ); Hill v. State, 181 Ga. App. 473 (1) ( 352 SE2d 651 ).

21989–1990
ADAMS v. the STATE. green
gactapp · 2017
12022–2022
Reeves v. State green
ga · 2014
12019–2019
Fluke v. Westerman green
gactapp · 2005
12019–2019
Saunders v. State green
gactapp · 2018
12018–2018
Armstrong v. Rapson green
gactapp · 2009
12018–2018
Alford v. State green
ga · 2010
12018–2018
Wilson v. State green
gactapp · 1997
12018–2018
Price v. Price green
ga · 2006
12018–2018
Yetman v. Walsh green
gactapp · 2006
12015–2015
Bennett v. Executive Benefits, Inc. green
gactapp · 1993
12012–2012
Miranda v. Arizona green
scotus · 1966
12009–2009

Statutes the citing opinions construe

GA § 5-6-41 (14) GA § 17-7-170 (9) GA § 40-6-391 (8) GA § 17-8-4 (5) GA § 5-6-34 (5) GA § 5-6-37 (5) GA § 5-6-42 (5) GA § 5-6-48 (5) GA § 9-11-56 (5)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

OH 405 (1980–2026) GA 147 (1906–2026) CA 133 (1895–2026) NM 94 (1897–2026) MN 59 (1983–2026) WV 52 (1966–2026) MO 37 (1915–2025) ID 33 (1927–2021) LA 31 (1978–2018) SC 29 (1977–2023) SD 29 (1997–2026) ND 28 (1901–2026) NC 25 (1921–2021) TX 24 (1927–2020) WA 23 (1971–2024) FL 17 (1939–2016) IN 16 (1905–2014) IL 15 (1980–2026) IA 13 (1979–2017) AL 11 (1920–2025) KS 11 (1987–2025) ME 10 (1947–2023) AZ 8 (2009–2023) MA 7 (1935–2002) NY 7 (1894–1994) UT 7 (1964–2018) CO 7 (1913–2018) MT 6 (1910–2004) HI 6 (1967–2020) WI 5 (1976–2012) PA 5 (1941–2019) WY 4 (1969–2025) VT 4 (2001–2018) VA 4 (1935–2008) NJ 3 (1953–2011) MD 3 (1923–2015) OR 3 (1901–2012) TN 3 (1981–2012) GU 3 (2023–2025) AR 2 (2001–2005) DE 2 (2024–2025) NV 2 (1980–2015)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

← Caselaw search · G Cite Topics · Brief Check