attenuation doctrine (California) · Go Syfert
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attenuation doctrine in California

18 California opinions name it 3 courts 1984–2025 8 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (24)

CaseFollowedCited
People v. Brendlingreen
cal · 2008 · cited in 9 California opinions naming this issue, 2012–2023
2 sentences

2023(Brown, at p. 604.) In Brendlin, supra, 45 Cal.4th 262 , this court considered how the attenuation doctrine applies when an officer unlawfully seizes an individual and then discovers that the individual has an outstanding arrest warrant.

2023(Brown, at p. 604.) In Brendlin, supra, 45 Cal.4th 262 , this court considered how the attenuation doctrine applies when an officer unlawfully seizes an individual and then discovers that the individual has an outstanding arrest warrant.

59
Utah v. Strieffgreen
scotus · 2016 · cited in 7 California opinions naming this issue, 2016–2023
2 sentences

2023(People v. Johnson (2006) 38 Cal.4th 717, 723 (Johnson).) If, as here, the defendant was held to answer at the preliminary hearing, the defendant may renew his motion to 2 Under the attenuation doctrine, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee that has been violated would not be served by suppression of the evidence obtained.’ ” (Utah v. Strieff (2016) 579 U.S. 232, 238 .) 10 suppress or “make the moti

2021The Officer’s Discovery of Defendant’s Parolee Status Sufficiently Attenuated the Connection Between the Unlawful Detention and the Evidence Seized Where a detention is unreasonable, the exclusionary rule may mandate suppression of the evidence obtained as a direct result of the unlawful detention and any “ ‘evidence later discovered and found to be derivative of an illegality.’ ” (Strieff, supra, 136 S.Ct. at p. 2061 .) However, “exclusion may not be premised on the mere fact that a constitutional violation was a ‘but-for’ cause of obtaining evidence.” (Hudson v. Michigan (2006) 547 U.S. 586,

47
Brown v. Illinoisgreen
scotus · 1975 · cited in 6 California opinions naming this issue, 2008–2024
2 sentences

2024(See, e.g., People v. Williams (2007) 156 Cal.App.4th 949, 961 [deferring to trial court’s finding that the defendant’s consent was voluntary where officers “went out of their way to be courteous,” even where the defendant was in custody].) But this does not end our inquiry because where, as here, a defendant “claims a consent to search is tainted by a prior Fourth Amendment violation, mere voluntariness of the consent is not enough.” (People v. Boyer (2006) 38 Cal.4th 412, 450 .) Instead, pursuant to “the so-called attenuation doctrine” (McWilliams, supra, 14 Cal.5th at p. 437), we must exami

2023This reality is a proper consideration under the second factor of the attenuation doctrine set out in Brown v. Illinois (1975) 422 U.S. 590 , 603–604.

46
Hudson v. Michigangreen
scotus · 2006 · cited in 3 California opinions naming this issue, 2021–2023
2 sentences

2023Balancing the benefits of the exclusionary remedy against its costs, the United States Supreme Court has fashioned various exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the so-called attenuation doctrine. ( Strieff, supra, 579 U.S. at pp. 237–238; see Davis, supra, 564 U.S. at p. 237 .) The attenuation doctrine holds that, notwithstanding the exclusionary rule, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee

2021The Officer’s Discovery of Defendant’s Parolee Status Sufficiently Attenuated the Connection Between the Unlawful Detention and the Evidence Seized Where a detention is unreasonable, the exclusionary rule may mandate suppression of the evidence obtained as a direct result of the unlawful detention and any “ ‘evidence later discovered and found to be derivative of an illegality.’ ” (Strieff, supra, 136 S.Ct. at p. 2061 .) However, “exclusion may not be premised on the mere fact that a constitutional violation was a ‘but-for’ cause of obtaining evidence.” (Hudson v. Michigan (2006) 547 U.S. 586,

33
Davis v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 2011 · cited in 3 California opinions naming this issue, 2021–2023
2 sentences

2023Balancing the benefits of the exclusionary remedy against its costs, the United States Supreme Court has fashioned various exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the so-called attenuation doctrine. ( Strieff, supra, 579 U.S. at pp. 237–238; see Davis, supra, 564 U.S. at p. 237 .) The attenuation doctrine holds that, notwithstanding the exclusionary rule, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee

2023Balancing the benefits of the exclusionary remedy against its costs, the United States Supreme Court has fashioned various exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the so-called attenuation doctrine. ( Strieff, supra, 579 U.S. at pp. 237–238; see Davis, supra, 564 U.S. at p. 237 .) The attenuation doctrine holds that, notwithstanding the exclusionary rule, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee

33
People v. Batesgreen
calctapp · 2013 · cited in 3 California opinions naming this issue, 2021–2023
2 sentences

2023(Compare People v. Durant (2012) 205 Cal.App.4th 57, 66 [concluding that the “illegality in the initial traffic detention was attenuated by appellant’s probation search condition”] with People v. Bates (2013) 222 Cal.App.4th 60, 71 (Bates) [declining to adopt Durant’s reasoning and reaching the opposite conclusion on the facts].) We granted review to consider the proper application of the attenuation doctrine to the officer’s discovery of the parole search condition in this case.1 II.

2021Although the Bates court expressed “discomfort” in the after-the-fact use of a probation search condition unknown at the time of the initial illegal detention “to justify an otherwise unlawful search” (Bates, supra, 222 Cal.App.4th at p. 70 ), we observe that any intervening circumstance analyzed under the attenuation doctrine necessarily arises after unlawful police conduct.

33
Murray v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1988 · cited in 3 California opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019Rather, the more apt question in such a case is 'whether, granting establishment of the primary illegality, the evidence to which instant objection is made has been come at by exploitation of that illegality or instead by means sufficiently distinguishable to be purged of the primary taint.' " ' " ( People v. Brendlin (2008) 45 Cal.4th 262 , 268, 85 Cal.Rptr.3d 496 , 195 P.3d 1074 ( Brendlin ).) Accordingly, the Supreme Court has created exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the attenuation doctrine. ( Utah v. Strieff (2016) --- U.S. ----, 136 S.Ct. 2056 , 2061, 195 L.Ed.2d 400 ] ( Ut

2019Rather, the more apt question in such a case is 'whether, granting establishment of the primary illegality, the evidence to which instant objection is made has been come at by exploitation of that illegality or instead by means sufficiently distinguishable to be purged of the primary taint.' " ' " ( People v. Brendlin (2008) 45 Cal.4th 262 , 268, 85 Cal.Rptr.3d 496 , 195 P.3d 1074 ( Brendlin ).) Accordingly, the Supreme Court has created exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the attenuation doctrine. ( Utah v. Strieff (2016) --- U.S. ----, 136 S.Ct. 2056 , 2061, 195 L.Ed.2d 400 ] ( Ut

33
Wong Sun v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1963 · cited in 3 California opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019Rather, the more apt question in such a case is 'whether, granting establishment of the primary illegality, the evidence to which instant objection is made has been come at by exploitation of that illegality or instead by means sufficiently distinguishable to be purged of the primary taint.' " ' " ( People v. Brendlin (2008) 45 Cal.4th 262 , 268, 85 Cal.Rptr.3d 496 , 195 P.3d 1074 ( Brendlin ).) Accordingly, the Supreme Court has created exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the attenuation doctrine. ( Utah v. Strieff (2016) --- U.S. ----, 136 S.Ct. 2056 , 2061, 195 L.Ed.2d 400 ] ( Ut

2019Rather, the more apt question in such a case is 'whether, granting establishment of the primary illegality, the evidence to which instant objection is made has been come at by exploitation of that illegality or instead by means sufficiently distinguishable to be purged of the primary taint.' " ' " ( People v. Brendlin (2008) 45 Cal.4th 262 , 268, 85 Cal.Rptr.3d 496 , 195 P.3d 1074 ( Brendlin ).) Accordingly, the Supreme Court has created exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the attenuation doctrine. ( Utah v. Strieff (2016) --- U.S. ----, 136 S.Ct. 2056 , 2061, 195 L.Ed.2d 400 ] ( Ut

33
Fare v. Tony C.green
cal · 1978 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
2 sentences

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

22
People v. Lloydgreen
calctapp · 1992 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
2 sentences

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

22
People v. Souzagreen
cal · 1994 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
2 sentences

2021We determine that the officer lacked reasonable suspicion to detain defendant based on the absence of “specific articulable facts that, considered in light of the totality of the circumstances, provide[d] some objective manifestation that [defendant] may [have] be[en] involved in criminal activity.” (People v. Souza (1994) 9 Cal.4th 224, 231 (Souza).) However, under the principles articulated in Utah v. Strieff (2016) 136 S.Ct. 2056 (Strieff) and People v. Brendlin (2008) 45 Cal.4th 262 (Brendlin), we conclude that the officer’s discovery of defendant’s “active and searchable CDC[R] parole” st

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

22
People v. Williamsgreen
calctapp · 2007 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024(See, e.g., People v. Williams (2007) 156 Cal.App.4th 949, 961 [deferring to trial court’s finding that the defendant’s consent was voluntary where officers “went out of their way to be courteous,” even where the defendant was in custody].) But this does not end our inquiry because where, as here, a defendant “claims a consent to search is tainted by a prior Fourth Amendment violation, mere voluntariness of the consent is not enough.” (People v. Boyer (2006) 38 Cal.4th 412, 450 .) Instead, pursuant to “the so-called attenuation doctrine” (McWilliams, supra, 14 Cal.5th at p. 437), we must exami

11
Ornelas v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1996 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023(People v. Johnson (2006) 38 Cal.4th 717, 723 (Johnson).) If, as here, the defendant was held to answer at the preliminary hearing, the defendant may renew his motion to 2 Under the attenuation doctrine, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee that has been violated would not be served by suppression of the evidence obtained.’ ” (Utah v. Strieff (2016) 579 U.S. 232, 238 .) 10 suppress or “make the moti

11
People v. Johnsongreen
cal · 2006 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023(People v. Johnson (2006) 38 Cal.4th 717, 723 (Johnson).) If, as here, the defendant was held to answer at the preliminary hearing, the defendant may renew his motion to 2 Under the attenuation doctrine, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee that has been violated would not be served by suppression of the evidence obtained.’ ” (Utah v. Strieff (2016) 579 U.S. 232, 238 .) 10 suppress or “make the moti

11
People v. Durantgreen
calctapp · 2012 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
11
People v. Troyergreen
cal · 2011 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023Balancing the benefits of the exclusionary remedy against its costs, the United States Supreme Court has fashioned various exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the so-called attenuation doctrine. ( Strieff, supra, 579 U.S. at pp. 237–238; see Davis, supra, 564 U.S. at p. 237 .) The attenuation doctrine holds that, notwithstanding the exclusionary rule, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee

11
People v. Macabeogreen
cal · 2016 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023Balancing the benefits of the exclusionary remedy against its costs, the United States Supreme Court has fashioned various exceptions to the exclusionary rule, including the so-called attenuation doctrine. ( Strieff, supra, 579 U.S. at pp. 237–238; see Davis, supra, 564 U.S. at p. 237 .) The attenuation doctrine holds that, notwithstanding the exclusionary rule, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee

11
People v. Veringreen
calctapp · 1990 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
United States v. Bryan Lee Simpsongreen
ca8 · 2006 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
11
McBath v. Stategreen
alaskactapp · 2005 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
11
Dunaway v. New Yorkgreen
scotus · 1979 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1991–1991
11
Oregon v. Elstadgreen
scotus · 1985 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1991–1991
11
United States v. Ceccolinigreen
scotus · 1978 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1984–1984
11
People v. Superior Court (Sosa)green
cal · 1982 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1984–1984
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
People v. Mooregreen
cal · 2006 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11

Also cited on this issue (19)

CaseCitedYears
People v. Boyer red
cal · 2006
2 sentences

2024(See, e.g., People v. Williams (2007) 156 Cal.App.4th 949, 961 [deferring to trial court’s finding that the defendant’s consent was voluntary where officers “went out of their way to be courteous,” even where the defendant was in custody].) But this does not end our inquiry because where, as here, a defendant “claims a consent to search is tainted by a prior Fourth Amendment violation, mere voluntariness of the consent is not enough.” (People v. Boyer (2006) 38 Cal.4th 412, 450 .) Instead, pursuant to “the so-called attenuation doctrine” (McWilliams, supra, 14 Cal.5th at p. 437), we must exami

2024(See, e.g., People v. Williams (2007) 156 Cal.App.4th 949, 961 [deferring to trial court’s finding that the defendant’s consent was voluntary where officers “went out of their way to be courteous,” even where the defendant was in custody].) But this does not end our inquiry because where, as here, a defendant “claims a consent to search is tainted by a prior Fourth Amendment violation, mere voluntariness of the consent is not enough.” (People v. Boyer (2006) 38 Cal.4th 412, 450 .) Instead, pursuant to “the so-called attenuation doctrine” (McWilliams, supra, 14 Cal.5th at p. 437), we must exami

22015–2024
People v. Camacho green
cal · 2000
2 sentences

2021Rather, defendant raised the attenuation doctrine in his opening brief, arguing that it does not apply here. 7 courts to order the exclusion of evidence at trial as a remedy for an unreasonable search and seizure unless that remedy is required by the federal Constitution as interpreted by the United States Supreme Court.’ [Citation.]” (People v. Camacho (2000) 23 Cal.4th 824, 830 , fn. omitted.) B.

2021Rather, defendant raised the attenuation doctrine in his opening brief, arguing that it does not apply here. 7 courts to order the exclusion of evidence at trial as a remedy for an unreasonable search and seizure unless that remedy is required by the federal Constitution as interpreted by the United States Supreme Court.’ [Citation.]” (People v. Camacho (2000) 23 Cal.4th 824, 830 , fn. omitted.) B.

22021–2021
People v. Wells green
cal · 2006
2 sentences

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

22021–2021
People v. Douglas green
calctapp · 2015
2 sentences

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

22021–2021
Elkins v. United States green
scotus · 1960
2 sentences

2021Its purpose is to deter—to compel respect for the constitutional guaranty in the only effectively available way—by removing the incentive to disregard it.” (Elkins v. United 4 States (1960) 364 U.S. 206, 217 ; see also Davis v. United States (2011) 564 U.S. 229 , 236–237.) In my judgment, the district attorney did not present sufficient evidence to support application of the attenuation doctrine here.

2021Its purpose is to deter—to compel respect for the constitutional guaranty in the only effectively available way—by removing the incentive to disregard it.” (Elkins v. United 4 States (1960) 364 U.S. 206, 217 ; see also Davis v. United States (2011) 564 U.S. 229 , 236–237.) In my judgment, the district attorney did not present sufficient evidence to support application of the attenuation doctrine here.

22021–2021
Terry v. Ohio green
scotus · 1968
2 sentences

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

2021The Officer Lacked Reasonable Suspicion to Detain Defendant “The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits seizures of persons, including brief investigative stops, when they are ‘unreasonable.’ (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1 , 19 & fn. 16; [citation].)” (Souza, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 229 .) When a police contact rises to the level of an investigative stop or detention, the detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment if the officer has “reasonable suspicion to believe the individual is involved in criminal activity” or “advance knowledge that the individual is on se

22021–2021
People v. Ramos green
cal · 2004
2 sentences

2021The ruling on whether the applicable law applies to the facts is a mixed question of law and fact that is subject to independent review. [Citation.]” (People v. Ramos (2004) 34 Cal.4th 494, 505 .) “[S]ince voter approval of Proposition 8 in June 1982, state and federal claims relating to exclusion of evidence on grounds of unreasonable search and seizure are measured by the same standard. [Citations.] ‘Our state Constitution thus forbids the 5 Although the prosecution argued in its written opposition that defendant’s parolee status authorized the search and introduced evidence at the suppressi

2021The ruling on whether the applicable law applies to the facts is a mixed question of law and fact that is subject to independent review. [Citation.]” (People v. Ramos (2004) 34 Cal.4th 494, 505 .) “[S]ince voter approval of Proposition 8 in June 1982, state and federal claims relating to exclusion of evidence on grounds of unreasonable search and seizure are measured by the same standard. [Citations.] ‘Our state Constitution thus forbids the 5 Although the prosecution argued in its written opposition that defendant’s parolee status authorized the search and introduced evidence at the suppressi

22021–2021
People v. Richard G. green
calctapp · 2009
2 sentences

2025“The attenuation doctrine holds that, notwithstanding the exclusionary rule, ‘[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that “the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee that has been violated would not be served by suppression of the evidence obtained.” ’ ” (People v. McWilliams, supra, 14 Cal.5th at pp. 437-438.) While “evidence may be excluded as ‘fruit of the poisonous tree’ where its discovery ‘results from’ or is ‘caused’ by a Fourth Amendment viol

2025“The attenuation doctrine holds that, notwithstanding the exclusionary rule, ‘[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that “the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee that has been violated would not be served by suppression of the evidence obtained.” ’ ” (People v. McWilliams, supra, 14 Cal.5th at pp. 437-438.) While “evidence may be excluded as ‘fruit of the poisonous tree’ where its discovery ‘results from’ or is ‘caused’ by a Fourth Amendment viol

12025–2025
People v. Parson green
cal · 2008
2 sentences

2025(Strieff, at p. 238; People v. Parson (2008) 44 Cal.4th 332, 345 .) Because we conclude that the attenuation doctrine applies here, we need not address Fourzon’s argument that he did not voluntarily abandon the firearm.

2025(Strieff, at p. 238; People v. Parson (2008) 44 Cal.4th 332, 345 .) Because we conclude that the attenuation doctrine applies here, we need not address Fourzon’s argument that he did not voluntarily abandon the firearm.

12025–2025
People v. Silveria and Travis green
cal · 2020
1 sentence

2023(People v. Johnson (2006) 38 Cal.4th 717, 723 (Johnson).) If, as here, the defendant was held to answer at the preliminary hearing, the defendant may renew his motion to 2 Under the attenuation doctrine, “[e]vidence is admissible when the connection between unconstitutional police conduct and the evidence is remote or has been interrupted by some intervening circumstance, so that ‘the interest protected by the constitutional guarantee that has been violated would not be served by suppression of the evidence obtained.’ ” (Utah v. Strieff (2016) 579 U.S. 232, 238 .) 10 suppress or “make the moti

12023–2023
People v. Tacardon green
cal · 2022
1 sentence

2023Our Supreme Court granted review and deferred consideration pending dispositions in People v. McWilliams (2023) 14 Cal.5th 429 (McWilliams) and People v. Tacardon (2022) 14 Cal.5th 235 (Tacardon).

12023–2023
Scott v. United States green
scotus · 1978
1 sentence

2023In any event, Officer Guevara’s characterization of his justification for the detention is not dispositive; the validity of the officer’s actions under the Fourth Amendment “turns on an objective assessment of the officer’s actions in light of the facts and circumstances confronting him at the time” (Scott v. United States (1978) 436 U.S. 128, 136 ), “not on the officer’s actual state of mind at the time the challenged action was taken” (Maryland v. Macon (1985) 472 U.S. 463 , 470–471).

12023–2023
Maryland v. MacOn green
scotus · 1985
1 sentence

2023In any event, Officer Guevara’s characterization of his justification for the detention is not dispositive; the validity of the officer’s actions under the Fourth Amendment “turns on an objective assessment of the officer’s actions in light of the facts and circumstances confronting him at the time” (Scott v. United States (1978) 436 U.S. 128, 136 ), “not on the officer’s actual state of mind at the time the challenged action was taken” (Maryland v. Macon (1985) 472 U.S. 463 , 470–471).

12023–2023
People v. Hernandez green
cal · 2008
1 sentence

2023During defense counsel’s cross-examination of Officer Guevara during the special hearing, the following colloquy occurred: “[Counsel:] You actually didn’t see anywhere, where this person was coming from a vehicle, or you saw a general area he was coming from, right? “[Officer Guevara:] That’s correct. 5 Because we conclude that the detention, searches, and seizures of defendant and the evidence defendant sought to suppress were lawful, we do not address the attenuation doctrine, on which the trial court relied. 19 “[Counsel:] Nothing to link anything that the tagger did to what Mr. Barclay was

12023–2023
Utah v. Strieff green
scotus · 2016
12019–2019
Lorenzana v. Superior Court green
cal · 1973
12016–2016
United States v. David Lee Green green
ca7 · 1997
12008–2008
State v. Hill green
la · 1998
12008–2008
State v. Frierson green
fla · 2006
12008–2008

Statutes the citing opinions construe

CA § Cal. Penal Code § 29800 (4) CA § Cal. Penal Code § 3067 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 90 (1991–2026) IL 62 (1980–2025) ID 36 (1985–2026) NY 34 (1978–2026) WA 24 (2011–2025) NJ 24 (1981–2025) KS 23 (1975–2021) LA 22 (1991–2020) MD 21 (1981–2025) IN 20 (1979–2025) CA 18 (1984–2025) NM 17 (2015–2024) WI 17 (1991–2022) OH 15 (2000–2022) CO 14 (1985–2021) MI 14 (1977–2024) MA 12 (1986–2025) OR 12 (1988–2021) VA 11 (2005–2024) UT 10 (1991–2017) TN 9 (1980–2020) MO 7 (1995–2016) CT 6 (1990–2017) DE 6 (2008–2026) IA 6 (1979–2022) DC 5 (1978–2021) KY 4 (2020–2024) AL 4 (1987–2008) NC 4 (2017–2020) PA 3 (2010–2025) NV 3 (2017–2018) FL 3 (2006–2013) SD 3 (1976–2024) NE 2 (1980–2017) AZ 2 (2011–2016) WY 2 (2022–2022) ND 2 (2000–2008) MT 2 (1985–2007)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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