unusual factors (California) · Go Syfert
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unusual factors in California

18 California opinions name it 2 courts 1954–2026 4 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (8)

CaseFollowedCited
In Re Marriage of Olsongreen
calctapp · 1993 · cited in 3 California opinions naming this issue, 1994–2025
2 sentences

2025Unusual factors affecting temporary spousal support . . . require the judge to make adjustments to the calculations made by the basic computer program.” (In re 11 Marriage of Olson, supra, 14 Cal.App.4th 1, 5, fn. 3 .) Here, the family court recognized it has discretion to consider the section 4320 factors rather than use the program.

2025Unusual factors affecting temporary spousal support . . . require the judge to make adjustments to the calculations made by the basic computer program.” (In re 11 Marriage of Olson, supra, 14 Cal.App.4th 1, 5, fn. 3 .) Here, the family court recognized it has discretion to consider the section 4320 factors rather than use the program.

33
King v. Stanleyred
cal · 1948 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1954–1959
2 sentences

1959In Leiter v. Handelsman, 125 Cal.App.2d 243, 247 [ 270 P.2d 563 ], the court had under consideration a land sale contract providing that ‘ ‘ evidence of title was to be in form of a policy of title insurance issued by a responsible title company.” The court, in this connection, observed: “This is not an unusual requirement, as indicated by King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d *222 584, 590 [ 197 P.2d 321 ], in which the court said that title insurance ‘is a reasonable method by which a vendee may determine the merchantability of the vendor’s title . . .’ ” Respondent relies on the decision in Pitt v. Ma

1954Further, they did not contemplate validity of title to be ascertained only by .the Land Title Law but “evidence of title was to be in form of a policy of title insurance issued by a responsible title company.” This is not an unusual requirement, as indicated by King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d 584, 590 [ 197 P.2d 321 ], in which the court said that title insurance “is a reasonable method by which a vendee may determine the merchantability of the vendor’s title ...” *248 In Ward v. Downey, 95 Cal.App.2d 680 [ 213 P.2d 523 ], there is a remarkable factual similarity.

12
People v. Robinsongreen
cal · 2005 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026(People v. Robinson (2005) 37 Cal.4th 592, 627, fn. 17 [concluding that the then-recent grant of certiorari in Holmes did not affect Hall, given South Carolina’s “unique” and “very restrictive rule” concerning third party culpability evidence “does not apply in California”]; see Holmes, at p. 327 & fn. * [observing that state evidentiary rules excluding third party culpability evidence that is too remote, speculative, or fails to sufficiently connect another person to the crime “are widely accepted,” citing Hall among other cases]; see also People v. Linton (2013) 56 Cal.4th 1146, 1202 .) Shov

11
State v. Meistergreen
idaho · 2009 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026(People v. Robinson (2005) 37 Cal.4th 592, 627, fn. 17 [concluding that the then-recent grant of certiorari in Holmes did not affect Hall, given South Carolina’s “unique” and “very restrictive rule” concerning third party culpability evidence “does not apply in California”]; see Holmes, at p. 327 & fn. * [observing that state evidentiary rules excluding third party culpability evidence that is too remote, speculative, or fails to sufficiently connect another person to the crime “are widely accepted,” citing Hall among other cases]; see also People v. Linton (2013) 56 Cal.4th 1146, 1202 .) Shov

11
People v. Lintongreen
cal · 2013 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026(People v. Robinson (2005) 37 Cal.4th 592, 627, fn. 17 [concluding that the then-recent grant of certiorari in Holmes did not affect Hall, given South Carolina’s “unique” and “very restrictive rule” concerning third party culpability evidence “does not apply in California”]; see Holmes, at p. 327 & fn. * [observing that state evidentiary rules excluding third party culpability evidence that is too remote, speculative, or fails to sufficiently connect another person to the crime “are widely accepted,” citing Hall among other cases]; see also People v. Linton (2013) 56 Cal.4th 1146, 1202 .) Shov

11
Holmes v. South Carolinagreen
scotus · 2006 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026There, the high court invalidated an evidence rule under which a defendant could not “introduce proof of third-party guilt if the prosecution has introduced forensic evidence that, if believed, strongly supports a guilty verdict.” (Id. at p. 321; id. at p. 331.) As this court has previously noted, and as the Holmes opinion itself appears to acknowledge, Hall’s instructions about how to apply Evidence Code sections 350 and 352 to third party culpability evidence bear no material resemblance to the unusual rule at issue in Holmes, which expressly conditioned admissibility of third party culpabil

11
DVD Copy Control Ass'n, Inc. v. Bunnergreen
cal · 2003 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Although prior restraints on speech are not categorically prohibited in all cases (see, e.g., DVD Copy Control Assn., Inc. v. Burner (2003) 31 Cal.4th 864, 890 [ 4 Cal.Rptr.3d 69 , 75 P.3d 1 ] (conc. opn. of Werdegar, J.) [First Amendment “does not necessarily preclude injunctive relief in trade secret cases”]), the party moving for such relief bears a heavy burden.

2007Although prior restraints on speech are not categorically prohibited in all cases (see, e.g., DVD Copy Control Assn., Inc. v. Burner (2003) 31 Cal.4th 864, 890 [ 4 Cal.Rptr.3d 69 , 75 P.3d 1 ] (conc. opn. of Werdegar, J.) [First Amendment “does not necessarily preclude injunctive relief in trade secret cases”]), the party moving for such relief bears a heavy burden.

11
Leiter v. Handelsmangreen
calctapp · 1954 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1959–1959
2 sentences

1959In Leiter v. Handelsman, 125 Cal.App.2d 243, 247 [ 270 P.2d 563 ], the court had under consideration a land sale contract providing that ‘ ‘ evidence of title was to be in form of a policy of title insurance issued by a responsible title company.” The court, in this connection, observed: “This is not an unusual requirement, as indicated by King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d *222 584, 590 [ 197 P.2d 321 ], in which the court said that title insurance ‘is a reasonable method by which a vendee may determine the merchantability of the vendor’s title . . .’ ” Respondent relies on the decision in Pitt v. Ma

1959In Leiter v. Handelsman, 125 Cal.App.2d 243, 247 [ 270 P.2d 563 ], the court had under consideration a land sale contract providing that ‘ ‘ evidence of title was to be in form of a policy of title insurance issued by a responsible title company.” The court, in this connection, observed: “This is not an unusual requirement, as indicated by King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d *222 584, 590 [ 197 P.2d 321 ], in which the court said that title insurance ‘is a reasonable method by which a vendee may determine the merchantability of the vendor’s title . . .’ ” Respondent relies on the decision in Pitt v. Ma

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (15)

CaseCitedYears
People v. Beltran green
cal · 2013
2 sentences

2021(Beltran, at p. 949.) 4 Nevertheless, a killing reaction “is [an] extraordinary reaction, the unusual exception to the general expectation that the ordinary person will not kill even when provoked.” (Beltran, supra, 56 Cal.4th at p. 949 .) 17 The trial court instructed the jury on the correct analysis to employ in assessing provocation and heat of passion, and that it was to follow the court’s instructions, not the attorneys’ description of the law, to the extent there was any conflict.

2014Such a killing is not justified but understandable in light of ‘the frailty of human nature.’ [Citation.] The killing reaction therefore is the extraordinary reaction, the unusual exception to the general expectation that the 14 ordinary person will not kill even when provoked.” (Beltran, supra, 56 Cal.4th at p. 949 .) In the instant case, there is no prosecutorial misconduct.

22014–2021
Maher v. People green
mich · 1862
2 sentences

2013Such a killing is not justified but understandable in light of “the frailty of human nature.” (Maher, supra, 10 Mich. at p. 219 .) The killing reaction therefore is the extraordinary reaction, the unusual exception to the general expectation that the ordinary person will not kill even when provoked.

2013Such a killing is not justified but understandable in light of “the frailty of human nature.” (Maher, supra, 10 Mich. at p. 219 .) The killing reaction therefore is the extraordinary reaction, the unusual exception to the general expectation that the ordinary person will not kill even when provoked.

22013–2013
People v. Dancer red
calctapp · 1996
1 sentence

2024As an aggravating factor, victim vulnerability means “defenseless, unguarded, unprotected, accessible, assailable, one who is susceptible to the defendant’s criminal act.” (People v. Smith (1979) 94 Cal.App.3d 433, 436 .) “[A]ggravating a sentence due to ‘particular vulnerability,’ where vulnerability is based solely on age, is improper when age is an element of the offense. [Citations.] However, ‘particular vulnerability’ is determined in light of the ‘total milieu in which the commission of the crime occurred . . . .’ ” (People v. Dancer (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 1677, 1693-1694 , disapproved on

12024–2024
People v. Smith green
calctapp · 1979
1 sentence

2024As an aggravating factor, victim vulnerability means “defenseless, unguarded, unprotected, accessible, assailable, one who is susceptible to the defendant’s criminal act.” (People v. Smith (1979) 94 Cal.App.3d 433, 436 .) “[A]ggravating a sentence due to ‘particular vulnerability,’ where vulnerability is based solely on age, is improper when age is an element of the offense. [Citations.] However, ‘particular vulnerability’ is determined in light of the ‘total milieu in which the commission of the crime occurred . . . .’ ” (People v. Dancer (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 1677, 1693-1694 , disapproved on

12024–2024
People v. Hammon green
cal · 1997
1 sentence

2024As an aggravating factor, victim vulnerability means “defenseless, unguarded, unprotected, accessible, assailable, one who is susceptible to the defendant’s criminal act.” (People v. Smith (1979) 94 Cal.App.3d 433, 436 .) “[A]ggravating a sentence due to ‘particular vulnerability,’ where vulnerability is based solely on age, is improper when age is an element of the offense. [Citations.] However, ‘particular vulnerability’ is determined in light of the ‘total milieu in which the commission of the crime occurred . . . .’ ” (People v. Dancer (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 1677, 1693-1694 , disapproved on

12024–2024
Aguilar v. Avis Rent a Car System, Inc. red
cal · 1999
2 sentences

2007In the absence of any of the unusual factors present in Aguilar, supra, 21 Cal.4th 121 , 87 Cal.Rptr.2d 132 , 980 P.2d 846 , or any compelling United States Supreme Court authority, it is inescapable that the injunction here is an impermissible prior restraint on defendant's speech.

2007In the absence of any of the unusual factors present in Aguilar, supra, 21 Cal.4th 121 , or any compelling United States Supreme Court authority, it is inescapable that the injunction here is an impermissible prior restraint on defendant’s speech.

12007–2007
San Francisco Unified School District v. W.R. Grace & Company-Connecticut green
calctapp · 1995
2 sentences

2006Respirable asbestos fibers may be released from friable asbestos-containing materials when these materials are disturbed.” (Ibid.) “Thus, the timing problem unique to asbestos cases leads us to the unusual inquiry posed by this appeal—when does ‘injury’ occur such that a strict liability or negligence cause of action accrues and the limitations period commences in an asbestos-in-building case?” (Ibid.) The First District acknowledged that a “threat of future harm not yet realized . . . normally does not suffice to create a cause of action.” (SFUSD, supra, 37 Cal.App.4th at p. 1326 .) “The dang

2006Respirable asbestos fibers may be released from friable asbestos-containing materials when these materials are disturbed.” (Ibid.) “Thus, the timing problem unique to asbestos cases leads us to the unusual inquiry posed by this appeal—when does ‘injury’ occur such that a strict liability or negligence cause of action accrues and the limitations period commences in an asbestos-in-building case?” (Ibid.) The First District acknowledged that a “threat of future harm not yet realized . . . normally does not suffice to create a cause of action.” (SFUSD, supra, 37 Cal.App.4th at p. 1326 .) “The dang

12006–2006
Mehdizadeh v. Mincer green
calctapp · 1996
1 sentence

2004This the court did, using the term ‘exclusive prescriptive easement,’ an unusual doctrine which does not apply.” (Silacci, at p. 564.) Little more than a month after the Silacci decision, another appellate court reached the same result under similar facts in Mehdizadeh v. Mincer, supra, 46 Cal.App.4th 1296 .

12004–2004
Sweatman v. Department of Veterans Affairs green
cal · 2001
2 sentences

2003Offering an alternative to insurance does not mean that the alternative is insurance. 6 The Department’s reliance on Sweatman v. Department of Veterans Affairs (2001) 25 Cal.4th 62 [ 104 Cal.Rptr.2d 602 , 18 P.3d 29 ], to support its contention is misplaced.

2003Offering an alternative to insurance does not mean that the alternative is insurance. 6 The Department’s reliance on Sweatman v. Department of Veterans Affairs (2001) 25 Cal.4th 62 [ 104 Cal.Rptr.2d 602 , 18 P.3d 29 ], to support its contention is misplaced.

12003–2003
McGautha v. California yellow
scotus · 1971
2 sentences

1988McGautha v. California (1971) 402 U.S. 183 [ 28 L.Ed.2d 711 , 91 S.Ct. 1454 ].) Defendant complains of trial counsel’s undue candor regarding the heinous nature of the offense, the unusual defense theory, and counsel’s (and his wife’s) own initial skepticism and aversion.

1988McGautha v. California (1971) 402 U.S. 183 [ 28 L.Ed.2d 711 , 91 S.Ct. 1454 ].) Defendant complains of trial counsel’s undue candor regarding the heinous nature of the offense, the unusual defense theory, and counsel’s (and his wife’s) own initial skepticism and aversion.

11988–1988
People v. Riser red
cal · 1956
2 sentences

1985The court acknowledged the potential prejudice but concluded that the probative value of the evidence was sufficient to warrant its admission in light of the unusual factors of the cutting off of the victim's head and hands: "The circumstances are about as unique and different as any case that I have ever seen, and there are certain earmarks of the case that seem to be closely related with the possibility that the defendant may have intended to do something along the same lines to some other person who was standing in his way; that is, who was a threat to him as far as his liberty was concerne

1985The court acknowledged the potential prejudice but concluded that the probative value of the evidence was sufficient to warrant its admission in light of the unusual factors of the cutting off of the victim's head and hands: "The circumstances are about as unique and different as any case that I have ever seen, and there are certain earmarks of the case that seem to be closely related with the possibility that the defendant may have intended to do something along the same lines to some other person who was standing in his way; that is, who was a threat to him as far as his liberty was concerne

11985–1985
People v. Henderson green
calctapp · 1976
2 sentences

1985The court acknowledged the potential prejudice but concluded that the probative value of the evidence was sufficient to warrant its admission in light of the unusual factors of the cutting off of the victim's head and hands: "The circumstances are about as unique and different as any case that I have ever seen, and there are certain earmarks of the case that seem to be closely related with the possibility that the defendant may have intended to do something along the same lines to some other person who was standing in his way; that is, who was a threat to him as far as his liberty was concerne

1985The court acknowledged the potential prejudice but concluded that the probative value of the evidence was sufficient to warrant its admission in light of the unusual factors of the cutting off of the victim's head and hands: "The circumstances are about as unique and different as any case that I have ever seen, and there are certain earmarks of the case that seem to be closely related with the possibility that the defendant may have intended to do something along the same lines to some other person who was standing in his way; that is, who was a threat to him as far as his liberty was concerne

11985–1985
City of Oakland v. Darbee green
calctapp · 1951
2 sentences

1962Hence, the Davises and Bethel Howry, as nonresidents of El Dorado County, are entitled to a change of venue based on the analogy of the application of section 394, found in City of Oakland v. Darbee, 102 Cal.App.2d 493 [ 227 P.2d 909 ].

1962Hence, the Davises and Bethel Howry, as nonresidents of El Dorado County, are entitled to a change of venue based on the analogy of the application of section 394, found in City of Oakland v. Darbee, 102 Cal.App.2d 493 [ 227 P.2d 909 ].

11962–1962
Pitt v. Mallalieu green
calctapp · 1948
2 sentences

1959In Leiter v. Handelsman, 125 Cal.App.2d 243, 247 [ 270 P.2d 563 ], the court had under consideration a land sale contract providing that ‘ ‘ evidence of title was to be in form of a policy of title insurance issued by a responsible title company.” The court, in this connection, observed: “This is not an unusual requirement, as indicated by King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d *222 584, 590 [ 197 P.2d 321 ], in which the court said that title insurance ‘is a reasonable method by which a vendee may determine the merchantability of the vendor’s title . . .’ ” Respondent relies on the decision in Pitt v. Ma

1959In Leiter v. Handelsman, 125 Cal.App.2d 243, 247 [ 270 P.2d 563 ], the court had under consideration a land sale contract providing that ‘ ‘ evidence of title was to be in form of a policy of title insurance issued by a responsible title company.” The court, in this connection, observed: “This is not an unusual requirement, as indicated by King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d *222 584, 590 [ 197 P.2d 321 ], in which the court said that title insurance ‘is a reasonable method by which a vendee may determine the merchantability of the vendor’s title . . .’ ” Respondent relies on the decision in Pitt v. Ma

11959–1959
Ward v. Downey green
calctapp · 1950
2 sentences

1954Further, they did not contemplate validity of title to be ascertained only by .the Land Title Law but “evidence of title was to be in form of a policy of title insurance issued by a responsible title company.” This is not an unusual requirement, as indicated by King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d 584, 590 [ 197 P.2d 321 ], in which the court said that title insurance “is a reasonable method by which a vendee may determine the merchantability of the vendor’s title ...” *248 In Ward v. Downey, 95 Cal.App.2d 680 [ 213 P.2d 523 ], there is a remarkable factual similarity.

1954Further, they did not contemplate validity of title to be ascertained only by .the Land Title Law but “evidence of title was to be in form of a policy of title insurance issued by a responsible title company.” This is not an unusual requirement, as indicated by King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d 584, 590 [ 197 P.2d 321 ], in which the court said that title insurance “is a reasonable method by which a vendee may determine the merchantability of the vendor’s title ...” *248 In Ward v. Downey, 95 Cal.App.2d 680 [ 213 P.2d 523 ], there is a remarkable factual similarity.

11954–1954

Statutes the citing opinions construe

CA § Cal. Penal Code § 187 (5)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 18 (1954–2026) MS 8 (1992–2018) PA 7 (1924–2017) LA 6 (1991–2015) WI 5 (1974–2021) IN 4 (1972–1998) MD 4 (1980–2011) FL 4 (1995–2008) NC 3 (1991–2026) SC 3 (1934–2022) MI 3 (1962–2006) MO 3 (1948–2023) IA 2 (1898–2019) NY 2 (1937–2024) TX 2 (1997–2015) VA 2 (2016–2019) CO 2 (2011–2020) DE 2 (1990–2014) NJ 2 (1977–2020)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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