90 Connecticut opinions name it 2 courts 1977–2026 17 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Connecticut courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
State v. Greenegreen2 sentences2009Moreover, because manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a is not a lesser included offense of murder when the information does not allege that the murder was, in fact, committed with a firearm; State v. Greene, 274 Conn. 134, 159-60 , 874 A.2d 750 (2005), cert. denied, 548 U.S. 926 , 126 S. Ct. 2981 , 165 L. 2009Moreover, because manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a is not a lesser included offense of murder when the information does not allege that the murder was, in fact, committed with a firearm; State v. Greene, 274 Conn. 134, 159-60 , 874 A.2d 750 (2005), cert. denied, 548 U.S. 926 , 126 S. Ct. 2981 , 165 L. | 1 | 2 |
Georges v. OB-GYN Servs., P.C.green1 sentence2024See State v. Best, 168 Conn. App. 675, 676 , 146 A.3d 1020 (2016), cert. denied, 325 Conn. 908 , 158 A.3d 319 (2017). | 1 | 1 |
State v. Catchingsgreen1 sentence2024See State v. Best, 168 Conn. App. 675, 676 , 146 A.3d 1020 (2016), cert. denied, 325 Conn. 908 , 158 A.3d 319 (2017). | 1 | 1 |
State v. Kerrgreen1 sentence2024See State v. Zapata, 119 Conn. App. 660, 663 , 989 A.2d 626 , cert. denied, 296 Conn. 906 , 992 A.2d 1136 (2010).’’ State v. Taft, 306 Conn. 749 , 752 n.5, 51 A.3d 988 (2012). 0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 3 0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 5 Taft v. Commissioner of Correction by Attorney Frank O’Reilly during his criminal trial, and the petitioner’s criminal trial counsel was Attorney Erroll Skyers. | 1 | 1 |
Reeves v. Commissioner of Correctiongreen1 sentence2024See State v. Zapata, 119 Conn. App. 660, 663 , 989 A.2d 626 , cert. denied, 296 Conn. 906 , 992 A.2d 1136 (2010).’’ State v. Taft, 306 Conn. 749 , 752 n.5, 51 A.3d 988 (2012). 0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 3 0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 5 Taft v. Commissioner of Correction by Attorney Frank O’Reilly during his criminal trial, and the petitioner’s criminal trial counsel was Attorney Erroll Skyers. | 1 | 1 |
State v. Zapatagreen2 sentences2024See State v. Zapata, 119 Conn. App. 660, 663 , 989 A.2d 626 , cert. denied, 296 Conn. 906 , 992 A.2d 1136 (2010).’’ State v. Taft, 306 Conn. 749 , 752 n.5, 51 A.3d 988 (2012). 0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 3 0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 5 Taft v. Commissioner of Correction by Attorney Frank O’Reilly during his criminal trial, and the petitioner’s criminal trial counsel was Attorney Erroll Skyers. 2024See State v. Zapata, 119 Conn. App. 660, 663 , 989 A.2d 626 , cert. denied, 296 Conn. 906 , 992 A.2d 1136 (2010).’’ State v. Taft, 306 Conn. 749 , 752 n.5, 51 A.3d 988 (2012). 0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 3 0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 5 Taft v. Commissioner of Correction by Attorney Frank O’Reilly during his criminal trial, and the petitioner’s criminal trial counsel was Attorney Erroll Skyers. | 1 | 1 |
State v. Bestgreen2 sentences2024See State v. Best, 168 Conn. App. 675, 676 , 146 A.3d 1020 (2016), cert. denied, 325 Conn. 908 , 158 A.3d 319 (2017). 2024See State v. Best, 168 Conn. App. 675, 676 , 146 A.3d 1020 (2016), cert. denied, 325 Conn. 908 , 158 A.3d 319 (2017). | 1 | 1 |
State v. Diazgreen2 sentences2022See State v. Diaz, [ 109 Conn. App. 519, 559 , 952 A.2d 124 , cert. denied, 289 Conn. 930 , 958 A.2d 161 (2008)].’’ (Cita- tion omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Diaz v. Commissioner of Correction, supra, 200 Conn. App. 526–27. ‘‘[In] . . . 2015, the petitioner . . . filed an amended petition for a writ of habeas corpus, which is the operative petition in this appeal. 2022See State v. Diaz, [ 109 Conn. App. 519, 559 , 952 A.2d 124 , cert. denied, 289 Conn. 930 , 958 A.2d 161 (2008)].’’ (Cita- tion omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Diaz v. Commissioner of Correction, supra, 200 Conn. App. 526–27. ‘‘[In] . . . 2015, the petitioner . . . filed an amended petition for a writ of habeas corpus, which is the operative petition in this appeal. | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Diazgreen | 1 | 1 |
State v. Haywoodgreen1 sentence2022See State v. Diaz, [ 109 Conn. App. 519, 559 , 952 A.2d 124 , cert. denied, 289 Conn. 930 , 958 A.2d 161 (2008)].’’ (Cita- tion omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Diaz v. Commissioner of Correction, supra, 200 Conn. App. 526–27. ‘‘[In] . . . 2015, the petitioner . . . filed an amended petition for a writ of habeas corpus, which is the operative petition in this appeal. | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Vivogreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Gonzalezgreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Ramirezgreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Terwilligergreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Ramirezgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Connecticut. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
State v. Golding
green
2 sentences2026The defendant could not prevail on his unpreserved claim that his convic- tions of home invasion in violation of § 53a-100aa (a) (2) and assault in the first degree by means of the discharge of a firearm in violation of the first degree assault statute (§ 53a-59 (a) (5)) violated the constitutional prohibi- tion against double jeopardy, the defendant having failed to demonstrate the existence of a constitutional violation under the third prong of State v. Golding ( 213 Conn. 233 ), as modified by In re Yasiel R. ( 317 Conn. 773 ). 2020Because we conclude that the defendant’s claim fails under the third prong of State v. Golding, 213 Conn. 233, 240 , 567 A.2d 823 (1989), as a result of defense counsel’s express waiver, we do not reach the issue of whether the admission of the report constituted harmless error. 3 The constitution of Connecticut, article first, § 8, as amended by articles seventeen and twenty-nine of the amendments, provides in relevant part: ‘‘In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall have a right . . . to be confronted by the witnesses against him . . . .’’ 4 In addition to the murder charge, the state | 6 | 1996–2026 |
Miranda v. Arizona
green
2 sentences2022The defendant appeals from the judgment of conviction, following a jury trial, of man- slaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a (a).1 The defendant claims that the trial court improperly denied his motion to suppress the statements he made during two separately recorded interrogations of him by police officers.2 As to the first interrogation, which occurred on Feb- ruary 16, 2016, sometime between 11 a.m. and noon, at the Bridgeport Office of Adult Probation, the defendant contends that, because the police failed to advise him of his rights pursua 2022The defendant appeals from the judgment of conviction, following a jury trial, of man- slaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a (a).1 The defendant claims that the trial court improperly denied his motion to suppress the statements he made during two separately recorded interrogations of him by police officers.2 As to the first interrogation, which occurred on Feb- ruary 16, 2016, sometime between 11 a.m. and noon, at the Bridgeport Office of Adult Probation, the defendant contends that, because the police failed to advise him of his rights pursua | 5 | 1987–2022 |
State v. Whelan
green
2 sentences2011In this opinion the other judges concurred. 1 The defendant had also been found guilty of the crime of criminal use of a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-216 (a), but the court vacated the verdict as to that count, and the charge was dismissed. 2 The defendant’s father was sixty-nine years old. 3 The Hamden police officer in charge of the SWAT team, Captain John Lnjick, explained that a “perimeter” is a “containment area ... to keep whatever the problem is within that area”; the team did not want anyone to get out of that area because “a mobile hostage situation is much worse tha 2011In this opinion the other judges concurred. 1 The defendant had also been found guilty of the crime of criminal use of a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-216 (a), but the court vacated the verdict as to that count, and the charge was dismissed. 2 The defendant’s father was sixty-nine years old. 3 The Hamden police officer in charge of the SWAT team, Captain John Lnjick, explained that a “perimeter” is a “containment area ... to keep whatever the problem is within that area”; the team did not want anyone to get out of that area because “a mobile hostage situation is much worse tha | 5 | 1999–2019 |
Bowen v. Peoples
green
2 sentences2019In rendering its judgment of conviction, the trial court vacated the convictions of manslaughter and burglary in the first degree pursuant to State v. Polanco, 308 Conn. 242 , 255, 61 A.3d 1084 (2013). 9 The Appellate Court rejected the defendant’s other claims on appeal, namely, that (1) the trial court improperly admitted a tape-recorded state- ment of a witness pursuant to State v. Whelan, 200 Conn. 743, 753 , 513 A.2d 86 , cert. denied, 479 U.S. 994 , 107 S. Ct. 597 , 93 L. 2011In this opinion the other judges concurred. 1 The defendant had also been found guilty of the crime of criminal use of a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-216 (a), but the court vacated the verdict as to that count, and the charge was dismissed. 2 The defendant’s father was sixty-nine years old. 3 The Hamden police officer in charge of the SWAT team, Captain John Lnjick, explained that a “perimeter” is a “containment area ... to keep whatever the problem is within that area”; the team did not want anyone to get out of that area because “a mobile hostage situation is much worse tha | 5 | 1999–2019 |
Washington v. United States
green
2 sentences2019In rendering its judgment of conviction, the trial court vacated the convictions of manslaughter and burglary in the first degree pursuant to State v. Polanco, 308 Conn. 242 , 255, 61 A.3d 1084 (2013). 9 The Appellate Court rejected the defendant’s other claims on appeal, namely, that (1) the trial court improperly admitted a tape-recorded state- ment of a witness pursuant to State v. Whelan, 200 Conn. 743, 753 , 513 A.2d 86 , cert. denied, 479 U.S. 994 , 107 S. Ct. 597 , 93 L. 2011In this opinion the other judges concurred. 1 The defendant had also been found guilty of the crime of criminal use of a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-216 (a), but the court vacated the verdict as to that count, and the charge was dismissed. 2 The defendant’s father was sixty-nine years old. 3 The Hamden police officer in charge of the SWAT team, Captain John Lnjick, explained that a “perimeter” is a “containment area ... to keep whatever the problem is within that area”; the team did not want anyone to get out of that area because “a mobile hostage situation is much worse tha | 5 | 1999–2019 |
California v. Tyberg
green
2 sentences2019In rendering its judgment of conviction, the trial court vacated the convictions of manslaughter and burglary in the first degree pursuant to State v. Polanco, 308 Conn. 242 , 255, 61 A.3d 1084 (2013). 9 The Appellate Court rejected the defendant’s other claims on appeal, namely, that (1) the trial court improperly admitted a tape-recorded state- ment of a witness pursuant to State v. Whelan, 200 Conn. 743, 753 , 513 A.2d 86 , cert. denied, 479 U.S. 994 , 107 S. Ct. 597 , 93 L. 2011In this opinion the other judges concurred. 1 The defendant had also been found guilty of the crime of criminal use of a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-216 (a), but the court vacated the verdict as to that count, and the charge was dismissed. 2 The defendant’s father was sixty-nine years old. 3 The Hamden police officer in charge of the SWAT team, Captain John Lnjick, explained that a “perimeter” is a “containment area ... to keep whatever the problem is within that area”; the team did not want anyone to get out of that area because “a mobile hostage situation is much worse tha | 5 | 1999–2019 |
Doyle v. Ohio
green
2 sentences2002The defendant, Daniel Santiago, appeals from the judgment of conviction, rendered after a jury trial, of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes §§ 53a-55 (a) (1) and 53a-55a (a), 1 and assault in the first degree in violation of General Statutes § 53a-59 (a) (l). 2 On appeal, the defendant claims that the trial court (1) improperly permitted the prosecutor to engage in misconduct during cross-examination of the defendant and in closing argument, which deprived the defendant of a fair trial, (2) incorrectly found certain essential facts in denying his m 2002The defendant, Daniel Santiago, appeals from the judgment of conviction, rendered after a jury trial, of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes §§ 53a-55 (a) (1) and 53a-55a (a), 1 and assault in the first degree in violation of General Statutes § 53a-59 (a) (l). 2 On appeal, the defendant claims that the trial court (1) improperly permitted the prosecutor to engage in misconduct during cross-examination of the defendant and in closing argument, which deprived the defendant of a fair trial, (2) incorrectly found certain essential facts in denying his m | 4 | 2002–2025 |
McCoy v. Louisiana
green
2 sentences2022The petitioner claims that the habeas court incorrectly determined that (1) McCoy v. Louisiana, U.S. , 138 S. Ct. 1500 , 200 L. 2022The petitioner claims that the habeas court incorrectly determined that (1) McCoy v. Louisiana, U.S. , 138 S. Ct. 1500 , 200 L. | 2 | 2022–2022 |
State v. Solman
green
2 sentences2011State v. Solman, 67 Conn. App. 235, 236 , 786 A.2d 1184 (2001), cert. denied, 259 Conn. 917 , 791 A.2d 568 (2002). 2007State v. Solman, 67 Conn. App. 235 , 786 A.2d 1184 (2001), cert. denied, 259 Conn. 917 , 791 A.2d 568 (2002). | 2 | 2007–2011 |
Statewide Grievance Committee v. Brown
green
2 sentences2011State v. Solman, 67 Conn. App. 235, 236 , 786 A.2d 1184 (2001), cert. denied, 259 Conn. 917 , 791 A.2d 568 (2002). 2007State v. Solman, 67 Conn. App. 235 , 786 A.2d 1184 (2001), cert. denied, 259 Conn. 917 , 791 A.2d 568 (2002). | 2 | 2007–2011 |
State v. Solman
green
2 sentences2011State v. Solman, 67 Conn. App. 235, 236 , 786 A.2d 1184 (2001), cert. denied, 259 Conn. 917 , 791 A.2d 568 (2002). 2011State v. Solman, 67 Conn. App. 235, 236 , 786 A.2d 1184 (2001), cert. denied, 259 Conn. 917 , 791 A.2d 568 (2002). | 2 | 2007–2011 |
State v. Dash
green
2 sentences2008The trial court subsequently vacated this conviction in light of our Supreme Court’s decision in State v. Dash, 242 Conn. 143, 146-50 , 698 A.2d 297 (1997) (§ 53-202k is sentence enhancement provision and not separate crime). 2 On direct appeal, the petitioner claimed that the trial court improperly denied his motion to suppress evidence obtained following the stop of his motor vehicle, admitted into evidence clothing that the police had seized without a warrant, denied his motion to suppress oral statements that he made to the police and denied his motion to suppress items the police seized f 2008The trial court subsequently vacated this conviction in light of our Supreme Court’s decision in State v. Dash, 242 Conn. 143, 146-50 , 698 A.2d 297 (1997) (§ 53-202k is sentence enhancement provision and not separate crime). 2 On direct appeal, the petitioner claimed that the trial court improperly denied his motion to suppress evidence obtained following the stop of his motor vehicle, admitted into evidence clothing that the police had seized without a warrant, denied his motion to suppress oral statements that he made to the police and denied his motion to suppress items the police seized f | 2 | 1998–2008 |
Lynch v. Granby Holdings, Inc.
green
2 sentences1995Practice Book § 829 provides: “The judicial authority may, upon his own motion or the motion of any party, order that two or more indictments or informations or both, whether against the same defendant or different defendants, be tried together.” The parties were ordered to file supplemental briefs to address the following inquiries: “(1) is the crime of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a a lesser included offense of the crime of murder in violation of General Statutes § 53a-54a as charged in the information in light of the doctrine of St 1995Practice Book § 829 provides: “The judicial authority may, upon his own motion or the motion of any party, order that two or more indictments or informations or both, whether against the same defendant or different defendants, be tried together.” The parties were ordered to file supplemental briefs to address the following inquiries: “(1) is the crime of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a a lesser included offense of the crime of murder in violation of General Statutes § 53a-54a as charged in the information in light of the doctrine of St | 2 | 1995–1995 |
State v. Whistnant
green
2 sentences1995Practice Book § 829 provides: “The judicial authority may, upon his own motion or the motion of any party, order that two or more indictments or informations or both, whether against the same defendant or different defendants, be tried together.” The parties were ordered to file supplemental briefs to address the following inquiries: “(1) is the crime of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a a lesser included offense of the crime of murder in violation of General Statutes § 53a-54a as charged in the information in light of the doctrine of St 1995Practice Book § 829 provides: “The judicial authority may, upon his own motion or the motion of any party, order that two or more indictments or informations or both, whether against the same defendant or different defendants, be tried together.” The parties were ordered to file supplemental briefs to address the following inquiries: “(1) is the crime of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a a lesser included offense of the crime of murder in violation of General Statutes § 53a-54a as charged in the information in light of the doctrine of St | 2 | 1995–1995 |
Taylor v. Commissioner of Correction
neutral
1 sentence2026The peti- tioner subsequently pleaded guilty to attempt to commit assault in the first degree in violation of General Statutes § 53a-59 regarding the Maple Street shooting and to reckless endangerment in the first degree in violation of 1 “Because this appeal arises from the habeas court’s ruling dismissing the petition on the basis that the court lacked jurisdiction, we [assume] the facts [as] alleged in the petition, including those facts necessarily implied from the allegations, construing them in favor of the petitioner for the purposes of deciding whether the court had subject matter juri | 1 | 2026–2026 |
Blockburger v. United States
green
2 sentences2026II The defendant next claims that his convictions of home invasion in violation of § 53a-100aa (a) (2) and assault in the first degree with a firearm in violation of § 53a-59 (a) (5) violate the constitutional prohibition against double jeopardy because those charges arose from the same act State v. Christon M. or transaction and constitute the same offense under Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299, 304 , 52 S. Ct. 180 , 76 L. 2026II The defendant next claims that his convictions of home invasion in violation of § 53a-100aa (a) (2) and assault in the first degree with a firearm in violation of § 53a-59 (a) (5) violate the constitutional prohibition against double jeopardy because those charges arose from the same act State v. Christon M. or transaction and constitute the same offense under Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299, 304 , 52 S. Ct. 180 , 76 L. | 1 | 2026–2026 |
State v. Matheney
green
2 sentences2026Page 54 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL February 17, 2026 232 FEBRUARY, 2026 354 Conn. 212 State v. Matheney of murder: intentional manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of §§ 53a-55a (a) and 53a-55 (a) (1), reckless indifference manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of §§ 53a-55a (a) and 53a-55 (a) (3), and reckless manslaughter in the second degree with a firearm in violation of § 53a-55a (a) and General Statutes § 53a-56 (a) (1). 2026Page 60 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL February 17, 2026 238 FEBRUARY, 2026 354 Conn. 212 State v. Matheney B The defendant claims that there was insufficient evi- dence to establish that he acted with the specific intent necessary to support his conviction of intentional man- slaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of §§ 53a-55a (a) and 53a-55 (a) (1). | 1 | 2026–2026 |
State v. Anthony V.
green
2 sentences2026A jury found the defendant, Anthony V., guilty of manslaughter in the first degree March 3, 2026 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 5 354 Conn. 255 MARCH, 2026 257 State v. Anthony V. with a firearm in violation of General Statutes §§ 53a-55 (a) (3) and 53a-55a (a), in connection with an incident in which he shot the victim, his girlfriend, in the head with a revolver. 2026Page 10 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL March 3, 2026 262 MARCH, 2026 354 Conn. 255 State v. Anthony V. “a defendant is entitled to have the jury correctly and adequately instructed on the pertinent principles of sub- stantive law.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Blaine, supra, 334 Conn. 308 . | 1 | 2026–2026 |
State v. Thompson
green
2 sentences2025In 2000, the petitioner was convicted, following a jury trial, ‘‘of reckless manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Stat- utes §§ 53a-55 (a) (3) and 53a-55a.’’4 State v. Thompson, 69 Conn. App. 299, 302 , 797 A.2d 539 (2002), rev’d, 266 Conn. 440 , 832 A.2d 626 (2003). 2025In 2000, the petitioner was convicted, following a jury trial, ‘‘of reckless manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Stat- utes §§ 53a-55 (a) (3) and 53a-55a.’’4 State v. Thompson, 69 Conn. App. 299, 302 , 797 A.2d 539 (2002), rev’d, 266 Conn. 440 , 832 A.2d 626 (2003). | 1 | 2025–2025 |
State v. Thompson
green
2 sentences2025In 2000, the petitioner was convicted, following a jury trial, ‘‘of reckless manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Stat- utes §§ 53a-55 (a) (3) and 53a-55a.’’4 State v. Thompson, 69 Conn. App. 299, 302 , 797 A.2d 539 (2002), rev’d, 266 Conn. 440 , 832 A.2d 626 (2003). 2025In 2000, the petitioner was convicted, following a jury trial, ‘‘of reckless manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Stat- utes §§ 53a-55 (a) (3) and 53a-55a.’’4 State v. Thompson, 69 Conn. App. 299, 302 , 797 A.2d 539 (2002), rev’d, 266 Conn. 440 , 832 A.2d 626 (2003). | 1 | 2025–2025 |
State v. Leach
neutral
1 sentence2022State v. Leach, 165 Conn. App. 28 , 29?31, 138 A.3d 445 , cert. denied, 323 Conn. 948 , 169 A.3d 792 (2016). | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| In re Angeles green | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| State v. Leach neutral | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| State v. Robinson green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Morton v. Commissioner of Correction green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| State v. Coltherst green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Santiago v. Commissioner of Correction green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Young v. GIANETTI green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Rubel v. Wainwright green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Brady v. Maryland green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| State v. Dickson green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| State v. Purcell green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| Verdin-Garcia v. United States green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| Connecticut v. Dickson green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| State v. Fiocchi green | 1 | 2019–2019 |
| State v. Holbrook green | 1 | 2019–2019 |
| State v. Galarza green | 1 | 2019–2019 |
| State v. Culver green | 1 | 2019–2019 |
| State v. Bradley green | 1 | 2018–2018 |
| State v. Mendoza green | 1 | 2018–2018 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.