making exception in Kentucky

9 Kentucky opinions name it 3 courts 1928–2025 1 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Kentucky courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (3)

Case	Followed	Cited
United States v. William P. Reilly, United States of America v. John Patrick Dowdgreen ca3 · 1994 · cited in 1 Kentucky opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015 1 sentence 2015The significance of the statement comes not from that which is asserted— the declarant’s desire that the person carry out the commanded act 4 — but from the making and hearing of the statement. “ ‘Instructions to an individual to do something are ... not hearsay,’ because they are not declarations of fact and therefore are not capable of being true or false.” United States v. Reilly, 33 F.3d 1396, 1410 (3d Cir.1994) (quoting Graham, Federal Practice and Procedure: Evidence § 6705 at 409); see also United States v. Gibson, 675 F.2d 825, 834 (6th Cir.1982) (holding that an order “was not hearsay	1	1
United States v. John F. Gibsongreen ca6 · 1982 · cited in 1 Kentucky opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015 1 sentence 2015The significance of the statement comes not from that which is asserted— the declarant’s desire that the person carry out the commanded act 4 — but from the making and hearing of the statement. “ ‘Instructions to an individual to do something are ... not hearsay,’ because they are not declarations of fact and therefore are not capable of being true or false.” United States v. Reilly, 33 F.3d 1396, 1410 (3d Cir.1994) (quoting Graham, Federal Practice and Procedure: Evidence § 6705 at 409); see also United States v. Gibson, 675 F.2d 825, 834 (6th Cir.1982) (holding that an order “was not hearsay	1	1
Duvall v. Commonwealthgreen kyctapphigh · 1928 · cited in 1 Kentucky opinions naming this issue, 1972–1972 2 sentences 1972See also Duvall v. Commonwealth, 225 Ky. 827 , 10 S.W.2d 279 (1928); Fletcher v. Commonwealth, 235 Ky. 320 , 31 S.W.2d 393 ; Bell v. Commonwealth, Ky., 404 S.W.2d 462 (1966); and Lee v. Commonwealth, Ky., 242 S.W.2d 984 (1951). 1972See also Duvall v. Commonwealth, 225 Ky. 827 , 10 S.W.2d 279 (1928); Fletcher v. Commonwealth, 235 Ky. 320 , 31 S.W.2d 393 ; Bell v. Commonwealth, Ky., 404 S.W.2d 462 (1966); and Lee v. Commonwealth, Ky., 242 S.W.2d 984 (1951).	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Kentucky. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (13)

Case	Cited	Years
Kreiger v. Sonne neutral kyctapp · 1913 2 sentences 1941Kreiger v. Sonne, 151 Ky. 739 , 152 S. W. 936 . 1941Kreiger v. Sonne, 151 Ky. 739 , 152 S. W. 936 .	2	1928–1941
Daugherty v. Commonwealth green ky · 2015 1 sentence 2025The significance of the statement comes not from that which is asserted – the declarant’s desire that the person carry -12- out the commanded act – but from the making and hearing of the statement. “‘Instructions to an individual to do something are . . . not hearsay,’ because they are not declarations of fact and therefore are not capable of being true or false.” Daugherty, 467 S.W.3d at 229-230 .	1	2025–2025
Fletcher v. Commonwealth neutral kyctapphigh · 1930 2 sentences 1972See also Duvall v. Commonwealth, 225 Ky. 827 , 10 S.W.2d 279 (1928); Fletcher v. Commonwealth, 235 Ky. 320 , 31 S.W.2d 393 ; Bell v. Commonwealth, Ky., 404 S.W.2d 462 (1966); and Lee v. Commonwealth, Ky., 242 S.W.2d 984 (1951). 1972See also Duvall v. Commonwealth, 225 Ky. 827 , 10 S.W.2d 279 (1928); Fletcher v. Commonwealth, 235 Ky. 320 , 31 S.W.2d 393 ; Bell v. Commonwealth, Ky., 404 S.W.2d 462 (1966); and Lee v. Commonwealth, Ky., 242 S.W.2d 984 (1951).	1	1972–1972
Bell v. Commonwealth green kyctapp · 1966 1 sentence 1972See also Duvall v. Commonwealth, 225 Ky. 827 , 10 S.W.2d 279 (1928); Fletcher v. Commonwealth, 235 Ky. 320 , 31 S.W.2d 393 ; Bell v. Commonwealth, Ky., 404 S.W.2d 462 (1966); and Lee v. Commonwealth, Ky., 242 S.W.2d 984 (1951).	1	1972–1972
Jackson v. Commonwealth green kyctapp · 1969 1 sentence 1972The Commonwealth takes the position that this evidence is competent under the many opinions of this court making an exception to the general rule of inadmissibility, for the purpose of showing intent, motive, design, knowledge or lack of innocent purpose and to show a pattern of conduct. *25 Evidence of other interrelated crimes was held admissible in Jackson v. Commonwealth, Ky., 445 S.W.2d 835 (1969).	1	1972–1972
Lee v. Commonwealth green kyctapphigh · 1951 1 sentence 1972See also Duvall v. Commonwealth, 225 Ky. 827 , 10 S.W.2d 279 (1928); Fletcher v. Commonwealth, 235 Ky. 320 , 31 S.W.2d 393 ; Bell v. Commonwealth, Ky., 404 S.W.2d 462 (1966); and Lee v. Commonwealth, Ky., 242 S.W.2d 984 (1951).	1	1972–1972
Consolidated Coach Corporation v. Burge green kyctapphigh · 1932 2 sentences 1970See Annotation, 20 A.L.R.2d 925 ; and Consolidated Coach Corporation v. Burge, 245 Ky. 631 , 54 S.W.2d 16 . 1970See Annotation, 20 A.L.R.2d 925 ; and Consolidated Coach Corporation v. Burge, 245 Ky. 631 , 54 S.W.2d 16 .	1	1970–1970
Webb v. Montgomery Ward & Co. neutral kyctapphigh · 1946 2 sentences 1951In Webb v. Montgomery Ward & Co., 303 Ky. 152 , 197 S.W.2d 90 , this Court held that the 20 days provided by KRS 342.285 of the Workmen’s Compensation Act for filing a petition for review in the circuit court of a final award of the Board shall be computed from the act of rendition of the award, not from the day of the award, and that the day the award was entered must be included in the 20-day period. 1951In Webb v. Montgomery Ward & Co., 303 Ky. 152 , 197 S.W.2d 90 , this Court held that the 20 days provided by KRS 342.285 of the Workmen’s Compensation Act for filing a petition for review in the circuit court of a final award of the Board shall be computed from the act of rendition of the award, not from the day of the award, and that the day the award was entered must be included in the 20-day period.	1	1951–1951
Fiorella v. Clark neutral kyctapphigh · 1944 2 sentences 1951But if such voluntary payments ceased, then the making of the claim at once became requisite, and it must have been made within one year after the voluntary payments ceased.” The same ruling was laid down in Fiorella v. Clark, 298 Ky. 817 , 184 S.W.2d 208 . 1951But if such voluntary payments ceased, then the making of the claim at once became requisite, and it must have been made within one year after the voluntary payments ceased.” The same ruling was laid down in Fiorella v. Clark, 298 Ky. 817 , 184 S.W.2d 208 .	1	1951–1951
Bradley v. Sears neutral kyctapp · 1910 2 sentences 1940Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners v. Mason & Foard Company, 41 S. W. 548 , 19 Ky. Law Rep. 771 ; Bradley v. Sears, 138 Ky. 230 , 127 S. W. 782 ; Hibbard v. Estridge, 156 Ky. 122 , 160 S. W. 746 ; Denney v. Crabtree, 194 Ky. 185 , 238 S. W. 398 . 1940Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners v. Mason & Foard Company, 41 S. W. 548 , 19 Ky. Law Rep. 771 ; Bradley v. Sears, 138 Ky. 230 , 127 S. W. 782 ; Hibbard v. Estridge, 156 Ky. 122 , 160 S. W. 746 ; Denney v. Crabtree, 194 Ky. 185 , 238 S. W. 398 .	1	1940–1940
Hibbard v. Estridge neutral kyctapp · 1913 2 sentences 1940Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners v. Mason & Foard Company, 41 S. W. 548 , 19 Ky. Law Rep. 771 ; Bradley v. Sears, 138 Ky. 230 , 127 S. W. 782 ; Hibbard v. Estridge, 156 Ky. 122 , 160 S. W. 746 ; Denney v. Crabtree, 194 Ky. 185 , 238 S. W. 398 . 1940Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners v. Mason & Foard Company, 41 S. W. 548 , 19 Ky. Law Rep. 771 ; Bradley v. Sears, 138 Ky. 230 , 127 S. W. 782 ; Hibbard v. Estridge, 156 Ky. 122 , 160 S. W. 746 ; Denney v. Crabtree, 194 Ky. 185 , 238 S. W. 398 .	1	1940–1940
Denney v. Crabtree neutral kyctapp · 1922 2 sentences 1940Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners v. Mason & Foard Company, 41 S. W. 548 , 19 Ky. Law Rep. 771 ; Bradley v. Sears, 138 Ky. 230 , 127 S. W. 782 ; Hibbard v. Estridge, 156 Ky. 122 , 160 S. W. 746 ; Denney v. Crabtree, 194 Ky. 185 , 238 S. W. 398 . 1940Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners v. Mason & Foard Company, 41 S. W. 548 , 19 Ky. Law Rep. 771 ; Bradley v. Sears, 138 Ky. 230 , 127 S. W. 782 ; Hibbard v. Estridge, 156 Ky. 122 , 160 S. W. 746 ; Denney v. Crabtree, 194 Ky. 185 , 238 S. W. 398 .	1	1940–1940
Hoffman v. Brungs neutral kyctapp · 1885 1 sentence 1932Hoffman v. Brungs, 83 Ky. 400 .	1	1932–1932

Where else courts name it

CA 39 (1922–2025) IL 33 (1899–2024) TX 18 (1888–2019) MA 17 (1921–2025) LA 16 (1907–2022) PA 14 (1912–2012) NY 13 (1926–2012) WI 13 (1921–2024) NJ 11 (1969–2016) NE 10 (1908–2022) MI 9 (1922–1992) KY 9 (1928–2025) GA 8 (1895–2010) IN 7 (1948–2019) AZ 7 (1910–2015) AL 7 (1875–1997) MD 6 (1913–1997) OR 6 (1972–2026) OK 5 (1925–1952) MO 5 (1937–2021) KS 5 (1920–2001) CO 5 (1910–2001) DC 5 (1972–1995) AR 4 (1929–2013) OH 4 (1991–2026) VA 4 (1897–1975) WA 4 (1909–1932) NC 4 (1881–2003) ID 4 (1938–2011) MS 4 (1979–1994) VT 3 (1911–1954) MT 3 (1921–1997) NH 3 (1914–1980) IA 3 (1975–2022) AK 2 (1977–1984) WY 2 (1928–1954) SD 2 (1958–1978) HI 2 (1912–1982) FL 2 (1987–2026)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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